1、完 形 填 空,考题6 完形填空,结合单词(词组)的用法,排除错误选项 在完形填空试题中,所给的被选答案有的看起来似是而非,这就需要我们针对选项,结合单词(词组)的用法和文意,逐个排除,各个击破,缩小选择范围,增大正确率。如对名词的考查我们要从名词的词义、单复数、所有格考虑;动词的考查可从词义、时态、语态等方面考虑;形容词、副词可以从等级及应用上考虑,这样把答案确定在最小的范围,选择起来就能得心应手了。下面,让我们在分析例文中感受一下吧。,(2019合肥168教育集团一模) For most children, the most useful way of spending their tim
2、e is playing a game. It doesnt matter 1 the game is. Things become better when they need a(n) 2 to play with. On the one hand, it is quite 3 for the development of a childs personality (个性) to win and to 4 the best way to get that. On the other hand, if a child only cares about 5 , then for him, pla
3、ying a game is funny only when he wins.Or if he finds a better partner, he will get 6 and he doesnt want to go on playing.,( )1.A.how B.why C.what D.when,C,剖析 句意:不管这游戏是 。how“如何”;why“为什么”;what“什么”;when“当时候,何时”。根据上句“对绝大多数孩子来说,度过他们的时间最有用的方式是玩游戏”可推断本句的句意是“不管这游戏是什么”。排除A、B、D。故选C。,( )2.A.owner B.worker C.s
4、tudent D.partner,D,剖析 句意:当他们需要一个 来玩时,情况变得好些。 owner“物主”;worker“工人”;student“学生”;partner“伙伴”。根据下文“Or if he finds a better partner.”的暗示,故排除A、B、C,选D。,( )3.A.useful B.simple C.correct D.special,A,剖析 useful“有用的”;simple“简单的”;correct“正确的”;special“特别的”。分析文意可知空格处填useful是最合理的。故选A。,( )4.A.pay attention to B.take
5、 pride in C.jump out of D.think of,D,剖析 句意: 最好的方式来得到它。pay attention to“注意”;take pride in“以为傲”;jump out of“跳出”;think of“考虑”。根据句意选D。,( )5.A.playing B.studying C.winning D.losing,C,剖析 句意:另一方面,如果一个孩子仅仅在意 ,那么对他来说,仅仅当他获胜时玩游戏是有趣的。playing“玩”;studying“学习”;winning“获胜”;losing“失败”。根据文意及下文“.only when he wins.”可知
6、选C。,( )6.A.unhappy B.lonely C.relaxed D.excited,A,剖析 句意:或者,如果他发现了一个(比他)更好的玩伴,他将变得 并不想继续玩了。unhappy“不高兴”;lonely“孤独的”;relaxed“放松的”;excited“兴奋的”。根据下文“不想继续玩了”可知空格处应填unhappy。故选A。,运用逻辑常识,推理判断法 在中考完形填空试题中越来越多地涉及中外文化传统、风俗习惯、名人传记、传统节日等丰富的文化背景知识。背景知识在解答填空题时往往起着非常重要的作用。这就需要我们运用储备的文化背景知识以及日常生活中的一般常识进行恰当的联想、符合逻辑的
7、推理判断,确定合理的答案。逻辑推理法常用于解答难度较大的题目。这种方法在判断文章内容之间的逻辑关系,或根据上下文内容推断出某一处的事实细节等经常用到。,用此方法需要在掌握了文章的内容和语境后,进行逻辑思考和逻辑推理。现在中考对完形填空的考查不再局限于对语法的考查,而是更注重对语篇的理解与整体把握。命题人在出题时,也都故意留给我们一些暗藏的线索提示我们去综合分析,通过联系上下文进行逻辑推理,然后从四个十分相似的选项中找到最适合文意的一项。,(2019长丰县二模)Have you ever thought about seeing the world for free? Although it m
8、ay sound , theres growing community that is making that dream one step closer. A.Possible B.impossible C.Important D.unimportant,剖析 考查形容词辨析。possible“可能的”;impossible“不可能的”;important“重要的”;unimportant“不重要的”。前句句意:你曾经考虑过免费看世界吗?用常识推断,免费旅游全世界应该是“不可能的”。故选B。,根据上下文,进行词义辨析 在对词汇的考查中,所给的选项如果抛开上下文,都可填入空白处,但如果联系上下
9、文来看,就只有一个选项符合题意。因此对词义的辨析必须放在具体的语境和句子中才能运用。也就是说,词义辨析的应用与文章大意的理解必须贯穿在一起,相辅相成、不可分割。这种考查方式也是目前完形填空题在中考考查的一个重点和趋势,所以,这一方法是我们必须掌握的。词义辨析法可以应用到对各种词性的考查的题目中,如名词、代词、介词、动词、形容词和副词等。,(2019合肥瑶海区二模) Mr. White needed a portrait(画像) of himself to put on his stores wall, so he wanted to ask a famous painter to draw o
10、ne for him. The great painter 1 and asked Mr. White to come back for it the next month. When Mr. White 2 , he couldnt have the portrait, until half a year passed. ( )1.A.agreed B.received C.jumped D.compared,A,剖析 考查动词词义辨析。agreed“赞同”;received“收到”;jumped“跳”;compared“比较”。根据下句“这个伟大的画家叫怀特先生下个月来取回画像”可知画家同
11、意了怀特先生的请求。故选A。,( )2.A.laughed B.sang C.returned D.answered,C,剖析 考查动词词义辨析。laughed“笑”;sang“唱”;returned“返回”;answered“回答”。根据下句“直到半年过去怀特先生才得到画像”,可知是怀特先生返回来的时候,故选C。,抓住关键词汇,联想固定搭配法 一般说来,在完形填空中所出现的英语固定搭配包括词组、短语的固定搭配和句型的固定搭配。因此在遇到文章中含有固定搭配的内容时,一定要注意使用固定搭配辨析法。具体而言,这种方法用在读取文章信息时,要求首先对句子结构进行分析,找出含在其中的固定搭配,再运用平时
12、所积累的知识分析句子中的有效信息。而在解答相关内容的考题时,则要通过对句子结构进行分析,找出含在其中的固定搭配,最后运用平时所积累的知识得出文中固定搭配所缺失的一部分。,I told him the story and suggested leaving it to Frank. 1 our great surprise, my son walked up to Frank and 2 the new coat to him. Frank asked, “Did you buy this for me?” ( )1.A.On B.To C.With D.For,B,剖析 To ones sur
13、prise“使惊讶的是”。故选B。,( )2.A.returned B.connected C.gave D.sent,C,剖析 give sth. to sb.意为“把某物给某人”。故选C。,A(2019安徽) Dear Michael, I am glad to learn that you have been chosen to study in China. Your dream has come true! I can well remember that you 1 China for the first time when you were nine. Ever since yo
14、u returned, you have been interested in Chinese culture and have put a lot of 2 into learning Chinese. When you first,started to learn Chinese, I 3 it was nothing but a passing fad (一时的狂热). However, you didnt 4 halfway, but kept on learning and did a good job in the HSK (汉语水平考试). Now you finally got
15、 what you had 5 for a long time. You got the chance to 6 life in China for one year. You should have it, my son, for chances only come to those who are 7 .,When you study there, you will have to face 8 in everyday life that you have never experienced before, but after a year abroad, you will return
16、with a new 9 at lifeand at yourself. Your mum and I are both 10 you. Keep it up, my son! Love, Dad,主旨大意 本文是一篇书信应用文。儿子因自己的努力而获得了在中国学习的机会,作为父亲在为儿子骄傲的同时,也对儿子进行了鼓励而且流露出了丝丝的牵挂和不舍。,( )1.A.built B.visited C.missed D.changed,B,解析 这是爸爸写给儿子的信,信的开头提到儿子Michael有机会到中国学习,此时爸爸还能记得Michel在九岁时到中国旅行。故选B。,( )2.A.difficu
17、lty B.success C.effort D.space,C,解析 从上文提到Michael被挑选去中国学习可推知,Michael付出了许多的努力学习汉语才得以有到中国学习的机会。故选C。,( )3.A.thought B.agreed C.forgot D.added,A,解析 从下文“but kept on learning and did a good job in the HSK”可知,Michael努力学习通过了汉语水平考试。由此推知句意为“在开始学习汉语时,爸爸以为儿子仅仅是一时的狂热,结果证明儿子不是这样的”。故选A。,( )4.A.cheer up B.grow up C.
18、turn up D.give up,D,解析 从下一分句可知,儿子持续学习,并通过了汉语水平考试。由此可知,在汉语学习上儿子没有半途而废。故选D。,( )5.A.written B.wanted C.toured D.paid,B,解析 儿子通过了汉语水平考试,而且现在被挑选到中国学习。由此推知,儿子最终得到了自己想要的东西。故选B。,( )6.A.introduce B.experience C.respect D.imagine,B,解析 儿子被挑选到中国学习,因此儿子有机会在中国体验生活一年。故选B。,( )7.A.prepared B.honest C.friendly D.helpf
19、ul,A,解析 爸爸在此称赞儿子:儿子,你应该有这样的机会,因为机会仅仅留给那些有准备的人。故选A。,( )8.A.examples B.meetings C.challenges D.dreams,C,解析 由于儿子需要离开家在中国学习,因此儿子独自在外,在日常生活中肯定会面对很多挑战。故选C。,( )9.A.look B.touch C.guess D.speed,A,解析 父亲告诉儿子:尽管独自在外会面对很多挑战,但一年后,你学成回来会以一个崭新的面貌面对生活和自己。故选A。,( )10.A.different from B.similar to C.polite to D.proud
20、of,D,解析 儿子学业有成,作为父母肯定会以儿子为骄傲。故选D。,B(2019淮北联考) Life is interesting and it doesnt have any limits (限定) on how it will speak to you. My nine-year-old son taught me a lesson last week. My son is very kind. He can always say things I need to 1 and hug me every time I need one without me having to ask. La
21、st Monday, he came to me and asked, “Mom, what do you want to do when you 2 ?” Surprised by his question, I laughed. But I knew my son wasnt trying to be 3 and that,he was very serious. Before I 4 , he added, “I know youre an adult now, but what else do you want to do?” “Well, I guess there are many
22、 other things I want to do 5 Im too old to go for any of them,” I said. “I know youre getting 6 , but you can still do other things no matter how old you are. You can go back to school and have a different career (事业) if you want. I know you can,” my son said.,“I know you can.” That was 7 what I nee
23、ded to hear and it came from my 9-year-old son. He 8 me to look at where I was and where I wanted to be. Before he left the room, I gave him a big 9 and said thank you. He has no idea that his question has changed the 10 of my life. Im ready for the possibilities (可能的事) and Im very excited about my
24、future!,主旨大意 本文主要通过儿子与妈妈的对话,告诉我们人不论多大都应去做一些事情。,( )1.A.hear B.guess C.watch D.work,A,解析 根据前句“儿子是友善的”可推知,这里的句意为“他总能说一些我需要听的话,拥抱我,而不需要我提出要求”。hear“听”。,( )2.A.make up B.give up C.grow up D.look up,C,解析 根据下句“对儿子的问题感到惊奇”可知,这里是问“当你长大的时候你想做什么?”。grow up“长大”。,( )3.A.crazy B.normal C.funny D.strict,C,解析 根据后面“he
25、 was very serious”可推知儿子问的问题不是为了“有趣”。故选C。,( )4.A.replied B.agreed C.failed D.cried,A,解析 根据上文可知“我”还没有答复儿子的问题,因此这里指“我答复之前”。reply“答复”。,( )5.A.if B.but C.so D.until,B,解析 根据句意可知妈妈的意思是她想做很多其他的事情,但是现在她年龄大了而不能去做。前后句表示转折关系。,( )6.A.quieter B.slower C.younger D.older,D,解析 句意:我知道你正在变老,但是无论多老你仍然能做其他的事情。故选D。,( )7.
26、A.finally B.especially C.hardly D.exactly,D,解析 句意:“我知道你能”这句话正是我需要听到的。exactly“正是;确切地”。,( )8.A.worried B.refused C.managed D.encouraged,D,解析 根据句意可知这是儿子鼓励我去看看我在哪里和我想在哪里。encourage“鼓励”。,( )9.A.chance B.hug C.choice D.note,B,解析 根据句意应该是儿子离开房间之前,妈妈给了他一个“拥抱”。,( )10.A.direction B.society C.Community D.safety,A,解析 根据下句“妈妈对自己的将来很振奋”可知,儿子的问题改变了妈妈生活的方向。direction“方向”。,
