1、WelcometoSenior High SchoolB 1B 1 U-W E L C O M EU-W E L C O M ES o p h i eS o p h i eDiscovering Useful StructureP a r t 3P a r t 3 斜靠在沙发上，没有血色的嘴唇上叼着一只不知在斜靠在沙发上，没有血色的嘴唇上叼着一只不知在什么时候就早已熄灭了的雪茄烟，一夜没睡的困倦的什么时候就早已熄灭了的雪茄烟，一夜没睡的困倦的他目光呆滞地借助一盏时明时暗的摇曳的残破油灯绝他目光呆滞地借助一盏时明时暗的摇曳的残破油灯绝望地在无精打采地看着一本发黄了的、却保存得颇为望地在无精打采地
2、看着一本发黄了的、却保存得颇为完整的现在市面很难买到的名叫准备考试的你能看完整的现在市面很难买到的名叫准备考试的你能看得懂这句不但无聊且无耻之极的话吗？的书。得懂这句不但无聊且无耻之极的话吗？的书。他他 看看 书书。I love China.I love beautiful China.I love beautiful China so much.+1.She was a little anxious.2.She will make new friends.3.Theres a lot to explore at senior high school.SPVSOThere beSentence
3、 structureSentence structuresentencesentenceSVAll of us laughed!SVOI miss my grandma.SPThe teacher was kind and friendly.S V IO DOHe told us a funny story.SVOCI found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.SVAHe talked too much.SVOAI had my first maths class at senior high school.Th
4、ere beTheres a lot to explore at senior high.SVASVSPSVOCSVIODOSVOThere beSVOASVSVASVOSVIODOVIODOAThere beSP1.The plane has landed.2.Everyone in the team exchanged cell phone numbers.3.The cake tastes sweet.4.My father bought me a computer.5.He found the homework easy.6.The baby slept peacefully.7.Sh
5、e responded to my letter quickly.8.There is a big tree.Read the sentence She was a little anxious.Can you think of other sentences with the same structure to talk about your new life at senior high school?以I find my first day of school interesting 为主题写八个句子，尽可能用更多的基本句型。（4种以上）Sophie is a teacher.We ar
6、e students.Using cell phones in public transportation may disturb others.Seeing is believing.In China,Shanghai is one of the biggest cities.主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由一般由名词、代词、动名词（名词、代词、动名词（v.+ingv.+ing）等组成等组成 注意：注意：动词原形动词原形不能作主语不能作主语v-ing v-ing 做主语做主语 造句造句 1.看英语电视新闻是学英语的好方法。Watching English
7、 TV news is a good way to learn English.2.和你一起工作是我的荣幸。Working with you is my pleasure.3.早起是个好习惯。Getting up early is a good habit.主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由一般由名词、代词、动名词（名词、代词、动名词（v.+ingv.+ing）等组成等组成 注意：注意：动词原形动词原形不能作主语不能作主语句中的句中的1st1st名词名词就是主语就是主语（除非前面有修饰）（除非前面有修饰）S is an organization.We are
8、 students.Using cell phones in public transportation may disturb others.Seeing is believing.In China,Shanghai is one of the biggest cities.宾语是动作、行为的对象宾语是动作、行为的对象,是动作的是动作的承受者承受者。什么成分可以作主语，换个句式也可以作宾语。什么成分可以作主语，换个句式也可以作宾语。（当动词是（当动词是bebe（isis，amam，areare）时，）时，bebe动词后面的动词后面的名词或形容词也可以叫做表语。）名词或形容词也可以叫做表语。）
9、动宾：动词动宾：动词+宾语宾语 play basketball,have fun,make a cake,drive a car 介宾：介词介宾：介词+宾语宾语 on the desk,in the river,谓语说明谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征主语的动作，状态或特征。有且只有动词可以做谓语有且只有动词可以做谓语1 1）由单个单词充当：）由单个单词充当：swim swim，eateat等等实义动词实义动词 is am are be is am are be动词动词 Shanghai is a modern city.We share the same interest.Competitio
10、n encourages friends to learn from each other.to doto do（不定式）不做谓语（不定式）不做谓语He was killed last night.2 2）谓语也可以由多个单词充当：）谓语也可以由多个单词充当：构成构成特殊的时态，用法（以下是常见的特殊的时态，用法（以下是常见的4 4种）种）被动：被动：be+过去分词过去分词（附动词不规则变化表）（附动词不规则变化表）is killed,was finished 完成时：完成时：has/havehadhad+过去分词过去分词 has finished have killed 情态动词情态动词（+
11、动词原形）动词原形）：may do，can do，must do will do，would do，might do 进行时进行时 be+v.ing 现在分词现在分词 （与动名词区别）（与动名词区别）is sleeping 1.The poem was written by him.2.She has lost her ring.3.I have had breakfast.4.I have seen Penny this morning.5.Visitors may visit the history museum without buying tickets.6.Visitors must
12、 not smoke in the museum.7.Students can make friends by taking part in social activities.8.We were talking about you.定语是用来修饰、限定、说明定语是用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词名词或代词的品的品质与特征的句子成分。质与特征的句子成分。最常用的定语就是形容词，形容词不一定是定最常用的定语就是形容词，形容词不一定是定语。语。In recent years,the Internet has been gaining in popularity at an amazing rate.
13、The food available only on Friday is expensive.定语的位置一般有两种：定语的位置一般有两种：用在所修饰词之前的叫前置定语用在所修饰词之前的叫前置定语,用在所修用在所修饰词之后的叫后置定语饰词之后的叫后置定语.前置定语：前置定语：单词单词后置定语：后置定语：短语和从句短语和从句A walking penThe boiled egg In recent years,the Internet has been gaining in popularity at an amazing rate.The food available only in Frida
14、y is expensive.除形容词外，以下两个也可以修饰成分除形容词外，以下两个也可以修饰成分 v-ing 现在分词：现在分词：The man walking on the street is my father.They lived in a house facing the south.v-ed v-ed 过去分词：过去分词：The man killed last night in his apartment was a teacher.A computer found on the floor is mine.1.The person waking up at midnight fo
15、und someone in his apartment.2.The letter mailed last night will reach him tomorrow.3.The man wearing a blue shirt and blue jeans was caught.4.He worked as a worker building roads.修饰修饰动词动词的状语的状语,是为了说明动作的状态是为了说明动作的状态,程度等程度等,用的是一个用的是一个副词副词；修饰一修饰一整个句子整个句子的状语是表时间、地点、原因、的状语是表时间、地点、原因、让步、条件、方式等的，可以是让步、条件、
16、方式等的，可以是副词副词、从句从句、分分词短语（现词短语（现在在分分词词和过和过去去分分词词）、介词短语）、介词短语。介词短语：介词短语：时间状语：时间状语：at 10 地点状语地点状语：in the room 原因状语：原因状语：because of the weather.Outdoor activities can greatly improve our health.修饰修饰动词动词的状语的状语,是为了说明动作的状态是为了说明动作的状态,程度等程度等,用的是一个用的是一个副词副词；修饰一修饰一整个句子整个句子的状语是表时间、地点、原因、的状语是表时间、地点、原因、让步、条件、方式等的，
17、可以是让步、条件、方式等的，可以是副词副词、从句从句、分分词短语（现词短语（现在在分分词词和过和过去去分分词词）、介词短语）、介词短语。介词短语：介词短语：时间状语：时间状语：at 10 地点状语地点状语：in the room 原因状语：原因状语：because of the weather.Outdoor activities can greatly improve our health.现在分词短语：现在分词短语：Working hard,you will succeed.Walking in the street,I saw my father.过去分词短语：过去分词短语：Encour
18、aged by the speech,the young people work harder.Grown in rich soil,these seeds can grow fast.区分动名词和现在分词Using a computer can help people do many complex works.Learning English is important to modern life.Hearing the news,they all jumped with joy.Being sick,I stayed at home.请回主语笔记补充：请回主语笔记补充：句中的句中的1st
19、1st名词名词就是主语就是主语（除非前面有修饰）（除非前面有修饰）状语：介词短语状语：介词短语 （ininononatat等等）等等）现在分词短语（现在分词短语（v.ingv.ing）过去分词短语（过去分词短语（vedved）判断开头第一个单词的判断开头第一个单词的“长相长相”看到看到v v.ed.ed形式要小心，可能是分词，不是谓形式要小心，可能是分词，不是谓语语 如何区分如何区分v v.ed.ed形式做修饰还是做谓语？形式做修饰还是做谓语？1.1.旁边是否还有谓语旁边是否还有谓语 （is am areis am are、may may、has.has.）2.2.是否符合谓宾，如果是谓语，动
20、宾要有宾是否符合谓宾，如果是谓语，动宾要有宾语（除非不及物动词语（除非不及物动词 rise.run away.rise.run away.）看句意，主动还是被动看句意，主动还是被动The man killed last night in his apartment was a teacher.A man killed a teacher.课堂小练：1.Hills and mountains regarded as the symbol of permanence successfully resist the destructive forces of nature.2.Other Artwo
21、rks representing the human female in exaggerated form have also been found.3.The animals found in the fossil bed were once thought to belong to a variety of modern animal groups.成分出现的规律成分出现的规律主语：主语：1.1.直接主语直接主语 2.2.先修饰，后主语先修饰，后主语谓语：谓语：1.1.主谓连着主谓连着 2.2.主语后有修饰，再谓语主语后有修饰，再谓语宾语；宾语；1.1.谓宾连着谓宾连着 2.2.谓语，介词短语提前，宾语谓语，介词短语提前，宾语不同成分的第一个单词特征：定语和状语的特征不同成分的第一个单词特征：定语和状语的特征.正确阅读习惯：读句子，第一步是判断开头是什么成正确阅读习惯：读句子，第一步是判断开头是什么成分分（通过第一个单词判断（通过第一个单词判断 副词除外）副词除外）
