1、UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURESContentsPart 1基础巩固基础巩固Part 2重点突破重点突破Part 3语法归纳语法归纳Part 4写作指导写作指导Part 1基础巩固基础巩固1._ n.秋葵汤秋葵汤2._ n.墨西哥玉米片墨西哥玉米片3._ n.(英英)炸土豆片；炸土豆片；(美美)炸薯片；芯片；碎片炸薯片；芯片；碎片4._ n.干酪；奶酪干酪；奶酪5._ adj.加有香料的；辛辣的加有香料的；辛辣的6._ adj.具有民族特色的；异国风味的；具有民族特色的；异国风味的；民族的；种族的民族的；种族的7._ vi.发生；出现发生；出现gumbonachoschipche
2、esespicyethnicoccur8._ adv.在市中心；往市中心在市中心；往市中心9._ n.传教传教(区区)；重要任务；使命；重要任务；使命10._ n.地区；区域地区；区域11._ n.涂鸦；胡写乱画涂鸦；胡写乱画12._ n.连环画杂志；漫画杂志；喜剧演员连环画杂志；漫画杂志；喜剧演员 adj.滑稽的；使人发笑的滑稽的；使人发笑的13._ adv.以后；后来以后；后来14._ vt.&vi.(sought,sought)寻找；寻求；争取；寻找；寻求；争取；(向人向人)请求请求 15._ n.瓷；瓷器瓷；瓷器downtownmissiondistrictgraffiticomica
3、fterward(s)seekchina16._ n.爵士乐爵士乐17._ n.酒吧；小吃店；小馆子酒吧；小吃店；小馆子18._ n.简图；图解；图表；示意图简图；图解；图表；示意图19._ n.日志；日记；报纸；刊物日志；日记；报纸；刊物20._ vt.&n.夺取夺取(生命生命)；宣称；断言；宣称；断言21._ n.一系列；连续；接连一系列；连续；接连22._ vi.&vt.逃走；逃脱；避开逃走；逃脱；避开 n.逃跑；逃脱；解脱逃跑；逃脱；解脱23._ adj.大西洋的大西洋的jazzbardiagramjournalclaimseriesescapeAtlantic24._ n.牛仔裤牛仔
4、裤25._ n.靴子靴子26._ n.蘑菇；蕈蘑菇；蕈27._ vt.包；裹；折叠包；裹；折叠 vt.&vi.(可可)折小；折小；(可可)叠平叠平28._ adv.特别；格外特别；格外 adj.顶好的；超级的顶好的；超级的29._ n.配饰；附件；配件配饰；附件；配件30._ n.纪念物；纪念品纪念物；纪念品31._ n.材料；布料；素材材料；布料；素材 adj.物质的；实际的物质的；实际的jeansbootmushroomfoldsuperaccessorysouvenirmaterial32._ n.气候气候33._ vt.&vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得挣得；赚得；赢得；博得34._ n.
5、太极拳太极拳35._ n.衣服；服装衣服；服装 36._ adj.药草的；香草的药草的；香草的37._ vt.适合；满足适合；满足需要；相配；合身需要；相配；合身 n.西服；套装西服；套装38._ n.项目；一件商品项目；一件商品(或物品或物品)；一条；一条(新闻新闻)39._ vt.包含；含有；容纳包含；含有；容纳40._ adj.极好的；整洁的；整齐的极好的；整洁的；整齐的 climateearntai chiclothingherbalsuititemcontainneat1._adj.不同的；多种多样的不同的；多种多样的 _ n.差异差异(性性)；不同；不同(点点)；多样性；多样性2.
6、_ n.机会；运气机会；运气 _ adj.幸运的；吉利的幸运的；吉利的 _ adv.幸运地；幸亏幸运地；幸亏3._ vi.&vt.承认承认 vt.准许进入准许进入(或加入或加入)_ n.允许进入；入场费；承认允许进入；入场费；承认diversediversityfortunefortunatefortunatelyadmitadmission4._adj.确实的，肯定的确实的，肯定的 _ adv.肯定；确实肯定；确实5._ n.历史历史 _ adj.历史上著名历史上著名(或重要或重要)的；有史时期的的；有史时期的 _ adj.(有关有关)历史的历史的6._ vi.移入移入(外国定居外国定居)_
7、 n.(外来外来)移民；外侨移民；外侨 adj.移民的，移居的移民的，移居的 _ n.移民；移居入境移民；移居入境definitedefinitelyhistoryhistorichistoricalimmigrateimmigrantimmigration7._ vt.选择；挑选；选拔选择；挑选；选拔 _ n.选择，挑选选择，挑选8._ adj.较小的；次要的较小的；次要的 _ n.少数民族；少数派；少数人少数民族；少数派；少数人9._ n.金融；财政金融；财政 _ adj.财政的；财务的；金融的财政的；财务的；金融的 _ adv.财政上；金融上财政上；金融上10._ n.诗；韵文诗；韵文
8、_ n.诗人诗人 _ n.诗集；诗歌；诗作诗集；诗歌；诗作 _ adj.诗的；诗意的诗的；诗意的selectselectionminorminorityfinancefinancialfinanciallypoempoetpoetrypoetic11._ n.毒物；毒药；毒素毒物；毒药；毒素 vt.毒死；毒害毒死；毒害 _ adj.引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的引起中毒的；有毒的；分泌毒素的12._ v.收集；搜集收集；搜集 _ n.收藏家收藏家 _ n.作品集；收集物；收藏品作品集；收集物；收藏品13._ n.百分之百分之 adj.&adv.每一百中每一百中 _ n.百分率；百分比百分率；百
9、分比poisonpoisonouscollectcollectorcollection percentpercentage14._ vt.&vi.定居；结束定居；结束(争论争论)；解决；解决(纠纷纠纷)_ n.定居；解决定居；解决 _ n.移民；殖民者移民；殖民者15._ adj.温和的；和善的；轻微的温和的；和善的；轻微的 _ adv.轻微地；温和地轻微地；温和地16._ vt.建设；修建建设；修建 _ n.建筑；建造；建造物；建筑；建造；建造物；(句子、短语等的句子、短语等的)结构结构settlesettlementconstructconstructionmildsettlermildl
10、y1._ 幸运曲奇幸运曲奇 2._(朝朝)前进；前进；(向向)去去 3._ 寻找成功致富之路；闯世界寻找成功致富之路；闯世界 4._ 谋生谋生 5._ 一系列或一连串一系列或一连串(事件事件)6._ 除了除了外外(还还)；此外；此外 7._ 导致；引起导致；引起 8._ 仅举几例仅举几例 9._ 第一手；亲自第一手；亲自fortune cookiehead toseek one s fortuneearn a livingseries of apart/aside frombring aboutto name but a few(at)first hand 1.There are so man
11、y beautiful old buildings many sitting on top of big hills,offering great views of the city,the ocean,and the Golden Gate Bridge.独立主格结构独立主格结构2.The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese,many of whom do not speak English fluently.“不定代词不定代词/名词名词/数词数词+of+关系代词关系代词”引导的非限制性定语引导的非限制性定语
12、从句从句3.Traditionally,visitors enter Chinatown through the legendary Dragon Gate,which was built using materials donated from China.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句4.It has a long and famous history,with the author Robert Louis Stevenson having spent much time writing there.“with+sth./sb.+宾语补足语宾语补足语”Part 2重点突破重点突破1.a
13、dmit(admitted，admitting)vt.承认；准许加入，允许进入承认；准许加入，允许进入 I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.(P28)admission n.承认；允许进入；入场费承认；允许进入；入场费free admission 免费免费/免票进入免票进入admit短语短语admit sth./doing sth.承认某事承认某事/做某事做某事 admit+n.+to be承认承认是是的的admit that 承认承认admit sb./sth.into/to 允
14、许某人允许某人/物进物进be admitted to/into 被接纳进入被接纳进入【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)It is said that the excellent boy _(已经被一所重点大已经被一所重点大学录取学录取).2)Tom refused to _(承认打破了承认打破了窗户窗户).3)In that sense,Im pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than Id freely like to _(承认承认).has been admitted to a key universityadmi
15、t breaking the windowadmit2.seek vt.&vi.(sought,sought)寻找；寻求寻找；寻求;争取；争取；(向人向人)请求请求Over 300,000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune,and San Francisco quickly became a big city.(P28)seek to do sth.试图做某事试图做某事 seek sth.from sb.向某人请求向某人请求/寻求某物寻求某物 seek after/for 寻求寻求;追求追求,寻找寻找 seek
16、out 找出，找到找出，找到 seek ones advice/help 征求意见征求意见/寻求帮助寻求帮助 seek a job 找工作找工作 seek fame 追逐名利追逐名利【语境应用语境应用】单句填空。单句填空。1)We seek _(find)a way to make us get along well with the people around us.2)They sought _ a place to shelter from the rain,but in vain.3)One group was asked to _(寻找寻找)out an interaction wi
17、th its waiter.to findfor/after seek1)You should _ from your lawyer on this matter.你应该征求你的律师对这件事的意见。你应该征求你的律师对这件事的意见。2)How can we _ a really good person for the job?我们怎能找到一个真正适当的人来做这工作？我们怎能找到一个真正适当的人来做这工作？3)I _ him,but in vain.我试图说服他，但无效。我试图说服他，但无效。seek adviceseek outsought to persuade完成句子。完成句子。翻译句子。
18、翻译句子。1)你应该寻求那位医生的意见。你应该寻求那位医生的意见。2)那个小男孩正在试图和他的姐姐和好。那个小男孩正在试图和他的姐姐和好。3)每个人都有追求幸福的权利。每个人都有追求幸福的权利。You should seek the doctors advice./You should seek advice from the doctor.The little boy is seeking to make up with his elder sister.Everyone has the right to seek(for)happiness.3.select vt.选择；挑选；选拔选择；挑
19、选；选拔I selected a Cantonese restaurant that served its food on beautiful china plates.(P29)select.as.挑选挑选作为作为 select sb.to do.挑选某人做挑选某人做 select.from.从从中选出中选出 select,choose,elect,pick 单词单词含义及用法含义及用法例句例句select强调强调“精心挑选精心挑选”，指选出，指选出好的或者优良的。好的或者优良的。Simons been selected to go to the conference.choose指一般意义
20、上的指一般意义上的“选择选择”。It took us ages to choose a new carpet.elect常用于比较正式的常用于比较正式的“选举选举”，比如选举政府官员等。比如选举政府官员等。He was elected to a US state governorship.pick 强调仔细分辨强调仔细分辨“挑选出挑选出”或或者者“苛刻的选择苛刻的选择”Can you pick out the three deliberate mistakes in this paragraph?【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)Six theatre companies _ (已被
21、选定参加已被选定参加)this years festival.2)York _(被选为新址被选为新址)for the research centre.3)I _(被选入被选入)the school football team.have been selected to take part inwas selected as the new sitewas selected for4.settle v.定居；结束定居；结束(争论争论)；解决；解决(纠纷纠纷)Historically,Chinese immigrants settled in the area during the railroa
22、d construction and gold rush period.(P32)settle down 定居，安顿；舒适的坐下定居，安顿；舒适的坐下/躺下躺下settle sb.down 使某人安静，安顿某人使某人安静，安顿某人settle down to sth.静下心来做某事静下心来做某事settle sth.with sb.与某人解决某事与某人解决某事settle in（使）习惯新工作、环境等；（使）习惯新工作、环境等；settle on/upon 就就达成协议达成协议settle/solve the problem 解决问题解决问题settle/get down to(doing)s
23、th.开始认真对待某事开始认真对待某事settler n.移民，殖民者移民，殖民者settlement n.解决，定居点解决，定居点reach/arrive at a settlement 达成协议达成协议e.g.His lawyers are understood to be negotiating a settlement.据说他的律师正在谈一个协议。据说他的律师正在谈一个协议。They reached an out-of-court settlement.他们达成了庭外和解。他们达成了庭外和解。【语境应用语境应用】完成句子完成句子。1)People _(定居定居)in these pla
24、ces because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade.2)In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human _(settle).3)After reaching a _(settle)with the school,she soon _(settle)in her new school life.settlesettlementss
25、ettlementsettled 1.head for/to 朝朝前进前进;将会碰到将会碰到/遭到遭到 In the afternoon I headed to a local museum that showed the historical changes in California.(P28)【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1.如果你再那样处理问题，你就会遭到指责。如果你再那样处理问题，你就会遭到指责。2.直到昨天晚上七点我们才动身去伦敦。直到昨天晚上七点我们才动身去伦敦。If you go on dealing with problems like that,you are h
26、eading for blame.We didnt head for London until 7 oclock last night.2.seek ones fortune 寻找致富之路；闯世界寻找致富之路；闯世界 Over 300,000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune (P28)eg Young people go to big cities to seek their fortune.年轻人去大城市寻求致富之路。年轻人去大城市寻求致富之路。Coles came to the Yukon in the 1
27、970s to seek his fortune.Coles在在 20 世纪世纪 70 年代来到育空地区寻找致富之路。年代来到育空地区寻找致富之路。3.apart from 除除之外之外apart from除了除了以外以外(都都)(相当于相当于except/except for)除除之外（还）。表示包括，具有之外（还）。表示包括，具有besides,in addition to,as well as的含义。的含义。【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1)We had a pleasant time,apart from the weather._2)Apart from reading,h
28、e also loves sports and music._除了阅读之外，他还喜欢运动和音乐。除了阅读之外，他还喜欢运动和音乐。我们玩得很高兴，可就是天气不大好。我们玩得很高兴，可就是天气不大好。独立主格结构的语法特征是：独立主格结构的语法特征是：它有自己的逻辑主语并它有自己的逻辑主语并且和句子的主语不一致且和句子的主语不一致；从语法功能上看，它可以充；从语法功能上看，它可以充当时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、伴随状语等；当时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、伴随状语等；1.独立主格结构独立主格结构There are so many beautiful old buildings many sitt
29、ing on top of big hills,offering great views of the city,the ocean,and the Golden Gate Bridge.(P28)独立主格结构的具体形式和用法如下：独立主格结构的具体形式和用法如下：(1)名词（或代词）名词（或代词）+非谓语动词非谓语动词 如：如：1)Weather permitting,well have an outing tomorrow.（表示条件）表示条件）2)The boy turned to the man,his eyes opened wide.（表示伴随情况）表示伴随情况）3)The spo
30、rts meeting to be held next week,we must get ready for it.（表示原因）表示原因）(2)名词（或代词）名词（或代词）+名词如：名词如：He fought the wolf,a stick his only weapon.（表示方式）表示方式）(3)名词（或代词）名词（或代词）+形容词如：形容词如：Dinner ready,the hostess asked her guests to be seated.（表示时间）表示时间）(4)名词（或代词）名词（或代词）+副词如：副词如：He put on his sweater,wrong sid
31、e out.（表示伴随情况）表示伴随情况）(5)名词（或代词）名词（或代词）+介词短语如：介词短语如：In front of the house was a tall tree,its top well above the tops of the other trees.（对前面名词进行解释）对前面名词进行解释）(6)There being+名词（或代词）如：名词（或代词）如：There being no taxi,we had to walk home.（表示原因）表示原因）(7)It being+名词（或代词）如：名词（或代词）如：It being a holiday,all the sh
32、ops were closed.（表示原因）表示原因）(8)with引导的独立主格结构如：引导的独立主格结构如：Dont sleep with the window open.（表示伴随情况）表示伴随情况）【语境应用语境应用】句型转换。句型转换。1)The party will be held in the garden,if weather permits.The party will be held in the garden,_.weather permitting 2)Because much time is spent sitting at a desk,office workers
33、 are generally troubled by health problems._ sitting at a desk,office workers are generally troubled by health problems.Much time spent 2.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句The majority of residents in Chinatown are still ethnic Chinese,many of whom do not speak English fluently.(P32)Traditionally,visitors enter China
34、town through the legendary Dragon Gate,which was built using materials donated from China.(P32)and there are Chinese tea stores,where visitors can taste and buy varieties of Chinese tea.(P32)考点一：关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句考点一：关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句不能用非限制性定语从句不能用that引导，先行词指物时可用引导，先行词指物时可用which和和whose引导，指人时可用引导，
35、指人时可用who,whom,whose引导。另外，非限引导。另外，非限制性定语从句还可用制性定语从句还可用as引导。引导。【注意注意】1.which和和as在非限制性定语从句中，可以指代主句或主句中的在非限制性定语从句中，可以指代主句或主句中的一部分，而在限制性定语从句中只可指代先行词。一部分，而在限制性定语从句中只可指代先行词。2.as所引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句首、句中或句末，所引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在句首、句中或句末，而而which所引导的非限制性定语从句只可以放在句末。所引导的非限制性定语从句只可以放在句末。考点二：关系副词引导的非限制性定语从句考点二：关系副词引导的非限制
36、性定语从句引导非限制性定语从句的关系副词有引导非限制性定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why等，在等，在从句中分别作时间、地点、原因等状语。从句中分别作时间、地点、原因等状语。考点三：考点三：“介词介词+关系代词关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句介词放在关系代词之前时，关系代词只能用介词放在关系代词之前时，关系代词只能用which（指物）或（指物）或whom（指人），介词的选择要视先行词、句意及与动词的搭（指人），介词的选择要视先行词、句意及与动词的搭配而定。配而定。【语境应用语境应用】选择与改错。选择与改错。1.Many lessons are now avai
37、lable online,from _ students can choose for free.A.whose B.which C.when D.whom 2.Thank you for your letter,what really made me happy.3.Understanding her good intentions,I eat all the food what is provided by Mom with appreciation.which that完成句子。完成句子。1.The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane,
38、for example,formed the core collection of the British Museum _ opened in 1759.2.On the edge of the jacket,there is a piece of cloth _ gives off light in the dark.3.Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,_ she opened with her late husband Les.which/thatwhichwh
39、ich/that 4.She and her family bicycle to work,_ helps them keep fit.5.My eldest son,_ work takes him all over the world,is in New York at the moment.6.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme,one of _ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.whosewhich whose7.Scientists have advanced many t
40、heories about why human beings cry tears,none of _ has been proved.8.Many young people,most of _ were well-educated,headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.whichwhomPart 3语法归纳语法归纳一、简单句中的省略一、简单句中的省略1.省略主语、谓语或谓语的一部分、表语、宾语等。省略主语、谓语或谓语的一部分、表语、宾语等。(That/It)Sounds like a good idea.(Does)Anybody wa
41、nt to go?(Are you)Tired?Yes,I am(tired).Keep away(this bottle)from children.2.感叹句根据上下文省略。感叹句根据上下文省略。How beautiful(it is)!How(hard)they are working!Ellipsis 省略省略3.名词所有格后的名词，名词所有格后的名词，如果表示住宅、店铺、教堂或上下如果表示住宅、店铺、教堂或上下文已经暗示或明确指出过的事物时，常省略。文已经暗示或明确指出过的事物时，常省略。At her mothers(house)she passed many happy days.
42、4.省略省略作宾语的动词不定式作宾语的动词不定式时，需保留时，需保留to。Would you like to come to the party?Yes,Id like to(go to the party).注意：注意：如果动词不定式中含有如果动词不定式中含有be或或have，省略时要保留，省略时要保留be 或或have。I didnt tell him the news.Oh,you ought to have(told him the news).二、并列句中的省略二、并列句中的省略 在在and,but等连接的并列句中，若后面的分句中存在与前等连接的并列句中，若后面的分句中存在与前面分句
43、中相同的内容，这部分内容可以省略。面分句中相同的内容，这部分内容可以省略。My room is on the fifth floor,and hers(is)on the eighth(floor).She was poor but(she was)honest.John was a lover of music then and he still is(a lover of music)now.三、复合句中的省略三、复合句中的省略1.主句中的省略。主句中的省略。常见于句首或回答问题时。常见于句首或回答问题时。Why are you late?(Im late)Because my watch
44、 doesnt work.2.从句中的省略。从句中的省略。宾语从句宾语从句 1)主从句的谓语相同时，可以省略从句中的全部谓语甚至主主从句的谓语相同时，可以省略从句中的全部谓语甚至主语。语。She didnt attend the concert,and I wonder why(she didnt attend the concert).2)在宾语从句中常省略在宾语从句中常省略连词连词that，但当及物动词之后跟两个或，但当及物动词之后跟两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个两个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略。可省略。She said(that)I should spend mor
45、e time with children and that it was a must if I wanted to be a good parent.【注意注意】有时可用有时可用so或或not代替上文的内容。代替上文的内容。e.g.Work hard.If not(If you dont work hard),you will fail in the exam.Do you think Mr.Green will give us help?I hope so.(I hope he will give us help.)定语从句定语从句1)在限制性定语从句中，在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代
46、词作宾语的关系代词that,which,whom,who等常可以省略。等常可以省略。Henry is the man(who/whom/that)you can depend on.This is the little Italian restaurant(which/that)I mentioned in my letter.2)当先行词为表示方式的当先行词为表示方式的way时，引导定语从句的时，引导定语从句的that或或in which常可以省略。常可以省略。The way(in which/that)Monica did things really impressed us.状语从句状语
47、从句1)当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，从句中的谓语动词当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致，从句中的谓语动词 又又包含包含be或主语是或主语是it，可把从句中的主语和，可把从句中的主语和be省略。省略。While(he was)doing homework,the boy listened to music.When(they were)first introduced to the market,these products enjoyed great success.2)由由than,as引导的比较状语从句中，相同部分可省略。引导的比较状语从句中，相同部分可省略。I love you be
48、tter than he(loves you).对话双方都知道的指代内容可以省略；对话双方都知道的指代内容可以省略；为了避免重复，下文会省略与上文一样的部分；为了避免重复，下文会省略与上文一样的部分；宾语从句中，主从句的谓语相同时，可以省略从句中的全部宾语从句中，主从句的谓语相同时，可以省略从句中的全部谓语甚至主语。但当及物动词之后跟两个或两个以上的宾语谓语甚至主语。但当及物动词之后跟两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有第一个从句时，只有第一个that可省略。可省略。状语从句中主语和主句主语一致，而且主语后是状语从句中主语和主句主语一致，而且主语后是be动词，从动词，从句主语和句主语和be动词可以
49、省略。动词可以省略。在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词that,which,whom,who等常可以省略。等常可以省略。简化下面句子或对话简化下面句子或对话。1.I sat near the window,and Mike sat near the door._2.My father was a lover of sports and he still is a lover of sports now._3.She said shed call me but she hasnt called me._4.Have you heard this song?_
50、I sat near the window and Mike the door.My father was a lover of sports and he still is now.She said shed call me but she hasnt.Heard this song?5.What you said hurt her deeply.Im sorry.I didnt mean to hurt her deeply._ _6.Who gave you that CD?Dad gave it to me._ _7.I lent it to someone but I cant re
