1、B3U3 非谓语之非谓语之动词不定式动词不定式学习目标学习目标1.掌握非谓语动词动词不定式可以作什么成分，有什么功能2.掌握动词不定式的用法，并能正确做题1.To see you is glad.=Its glad to see you.2.I want to see you.3.I want him to see you.4.My hope is to see you.5.He is the man to see you.6.Im glad to see you.7.I went to see you.8.He went so early as to see you.（作主语）（作主语）(作
2、宾语）作宾语）（作宾补）（作宾补）(作表语）作表语）（作定语）（作定语）（作原因状语）（作原因状语）（作目的状语）（作目的状语）（作结果状语）（作结果状语）Discussion:说出不定式在句中的成分观察下面句子,体会划线部分在句子中作什么成分1.To play with fire is dangerous.2.My dream is to become a great teacher.3.I cant afford to buy a Ferrari.4.Sabrina has a comfortable house to live in.5.The doctor warned Vincent
3、 not to eat seafood.6.She got up early to catch the train.7.It is important for us to learn spoken English well.作主语作主语作表语作表语作宾语作宾语作后置定语作后置定语作宾补作宾补作目的状语作目的状语作真正的主语作真正的主语1.1.作主语作主语To be a doctor is hard.做医生很难To learn English well is not easy.学好英语不容易动词不定式(短语)作主语时，为了避免句子的头重脚轻，可以用“it”作形式主语，而把真正的主语动词不定式(短
4、语)放在句子的后部。例如上面的句子可以表示为:It is hard to be a doctor.It is not easy to learn English well.句型句型1：It+takes sb.+some time+to doIt takes us an hour _ get there by bus.句型句型2：It+is+n.+to doIts our duty _ help the poor.It is a great enjoyment _ spend our holiday in the mountains.tototo句型句型3：It is adj.for/of sb
5、.to do sth.It is+adj.+for sb.to do sth.It is+adj.+of sb.to do sth.（是形容人的品质的是形容人的品质的）（是形容事物的性质的是形容事物的性质的）PracticeIts good for us to read English aloud in the morning.1.对我们来说每天早晨大声读英语是很有益的。2.对学生来说每天使用英语是很重要的。It is important for students to use English every day.I want to tell you a story.我想给你讲个故事。Dont
6、 forget to lock the door.别忘了锁门。2.2.作宾语作宾语*如果and连接两个动词不定式，第二个动词不定式一般省略“to”He wants to go and have a swim with us.他想和我们一起去游泳*若作宾语的动词不定式(短语)很长，可用it 作形式宾语。I find it interesting to learn English with you.我觉得和你一起学英语很有趣。He found it hard to catch up with others.他觉得赶上别人很困难。Practice1.Last week our geography t
7、eacher told us_ more information about how to protect the environment.A.get B.got C.to get D.getting2.The boy promised_ late for school again.A.to not be B.not to be C.not being D.being not3.Some children are arguing about what TV programmes_.A.watching B.for watching C.to watch D.will watchCCB3.3.作
8、作定语定语Do you have anything more to say?I want to get something to read.We need someone to take care of the children.Its time to go to bed.You have no right to do that.Thats the best way to do the work.Id like to have a chance to see him again.动词不定式作定语常用来修饰名词或不定代词修饰名词或不定代词，放于所修饰的词后，为后置后置定语。【注意事项注意事项】不
9、定式不定式作定语永远放在所修饰词的后面作定语永远放在所修饰词的后面。I have a lot of work to do.Mr.Smith,do you have something to be typed?No,thank you.1.当被the first,the last,the only等词以及形容词最高级修饰时常用不定式作后置定语。2.something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词常用不定式作后置定语。Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.The next train to
10、 arrive was from Shenzhen.3.3.作作定语定语3.不定式作定语也可用在不定式作定语也可用在have to do和和there be句型句型中。中。4.用在抽象名词用在抽象名词time,ability,chance,way等之后。等之后。There is no one to take care of her.I have no jewelry to wear.Henry has great determination to achieve success.不定式作定语和宾补的区别1.They have nothing to eat.2.Mary needs a frie
11、nd to play with.3.My boss told me to write two letters.4.Please remind me not to be late for the meeting.1.1.定语定语是修饰名词和代词的成分；2.2.宾宾补补是补充说明宾语的性质和状态的成分4.4.作状语作状语不定式不定式做目的状语做目的状语，相当于相当于用用in order to,so as to引导的目的状语。引导的目的状语。Eg:He got up early to catch the first bus.1.so as to do结构不能放于句首；2.in order to do
12、 结构，可以与in order that 目的状语从句转换目的目的状语状语He laid down his life to save the child.他为了救这个孩子献出了生命。他为了救这个孩子献出了生命。He shouted and waved in order to be noticed.他他喊了一声，挥了挥手，以引起注意。喊了一声，挥了挥手，以引起注意。Ill write down his telephone number so as not to forget it.我会记下他的电话号码，以免忘记。我会记下他的电话号码，以免忘记。=He got up early _ _ _ cat
13、ch the first bus.=_,he got up early.=_ the first bus,he got up early.=He got up early _ _ _ he could catch the first bus.=He got up early _ _ _ catch the first bus.To catch the first busIn order to catchso as toin order thatin order to一句多译一句多译He got up early to catch the first bus.结果结果状语状语 He return
14、ed home to learn his daughter had just been engaged.他回家后得知女儿刚刚订婚了。He went home to find his old friend George waiting for him.他到家发现他的老朋友乔治在等他。不定式作结果状语常与不定式作结果状语常与learn,find,see,hear,make等动词连用。等动词连用。表示出乎意料的结果 She was so angry as to be unable to speak.她气得连话都说不出来。她气得连话都说不出来。The boy is old enough to take
15、 care of himself.这个男孩够大了，可以自己照顾自己。这个男孩够大了，可以自己照顾自己。He hurried to the station,only to find the train had left.他匆匆忙忙赶到火车站，结果却发现火车已经走了。他匆匆忙忙赶到火车站，结果却发现火车已经走了。Im too tired to stay up longer.我太累了，不能再熬夜了。我太累了，不能再熬夜了。不定式作结果状语常用于以下句型结构：不定式作结果状语常用于以下句型结构：so/such as to do enough to do only to do(常表示意外的或事与愿违的结
16、果常表示意外的或事与愿违的结果)too to do原因原因状语状语 Im glad to see you.很高兴见到你。很高兴见到你。Sam was very surprised to hear the news.萨姆听到这个消息很吃惊。萨姆听到这个消息很吃惊。I was a fool not to listen to you at that time.我真是个傻瓜，当时不听你的话。我真是个傻瓜，当时不听你的话。多用于sb.+be+adj.+to do 结构中,常见的形容词有happy,glad,delighted,pleased,sad,sorry,lucky,proud surprised
17、,disappointed等 I went to town to buy some books.Ive come to learn from you.What have I said to make you so angry?She lived to be ninety.Im glad to see you.We are proud to be students of China.(目的状语目的状语)(目的状语目的状语)(结果状语结果状语)(结果状语结果状语)(原因状语原因状语)(原因状语原因状语)请判断以下的动词不定式在句子中作什么成分请判断以下的动词不定式在句子中作什么成分1.He ask
18、ed me_ here earlier.A.comeB.to comeC.comingD.came2.Please tell him_ on the wall.A.dont draw B.to not drawC.not to drawD.not draw3.He wanted_ a cup of tea.A.to haveB.havingC.haveD.HadBCAExercise14.Id like_ a word with you.A.hadB.havingC.to haveD.have5.I came here_ my uncle.A.sawB.to seeC.seeingD.to b
19、e seen6.The man refused _ back his words.A.to takeB.takingC.tookD.takesCBA7.I can let you_ one ticket.A.to haveB.haveC.havingD.had8.We often heard him_ in his room.A.to sing B.singsC.sangD.singing9.He was made_day and night.A.workB.workingC.to workD.worked10.He stopped_a look,but saw nothing.A.havin
20、gB.to haveC.haveD.hadBCDB1.Such people are _(respect).2.There is nothing to do except _(wait)till it stops snowing.3.I am sorry _(give)you so much trouble.And thank you for your help.4.The doctor told the child _(eat)less and_(sleep)more.5.They were made _(work)twenty hours every day.to be respected
21、waitto have givento eatsleepto workExercise26.We didnt know when _(start).7.She does nothing but _(laugh).8._(master)English we must work hard at it.9.Would you like _(have)a cup of coffee?10.It is rude _(stare)at a foreign visitor.to startlaughTo masterto haveto stareI showed them I was independent
22、 by wear strange clothes.She hit me on the face heavily and at that moment I couldnt help cry.Comparing with other jobs,teaching is harder and the pay is lower.Seen her so happy,I quickly took out my Chinese exam paper.单句改错单句改错wearingSeeing Compared cryingExercise31.The teacher asked us to read Engl
23、ish for half an hour in the morning.2.Wang Ting often tells Li Haoran not to spend too much time playing computer games.3 3.作作宾补宾补省略“to”的不定式作宾语补足语:Let/make/have sb.do sth.Let the boy go out now.让那个男孩出去。Liao Ziyang made Yang Hang cry.廖紫阳把杨航弄哭了。Practice1.Hell use what he has _ her a new dress.A.bought
24、 B.to buy C.buying D.been bought2.It is cold.Lets make a fire_ the room warm.A.to keep B.keeping C.kept D.Keep3.How hard the noise made it for us_!A.fell asleepB.fall asleep C.to fall asleep D.falling asleep.BCA不定式不定式1.1.表将来表将来2.2.表表目的目的3.3.表某一次具体动作表某一次具体动作主主动动被被动动1.一般式：一般式：to do 2.进行式：进行式：to be doing3.完成式：完成式：to have done1.一般式：一般式：to be done2.进行式：进行式：3.完成式：完成式：to have been done动词不定式（动词不定式（The Infinitive）动词动词不定式的基本构成：不定式的基本构成：肯定式：肯定式：to do sth.否定式：否定式：not to do sth.主动式主动式被动式被动式一般式一般式to doto be done完成式完成式to have doneto have been done 进行式进行式to be doing谢 谢 聆 听!
