1、UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES 单元核心词汇突破单元核心词汇突破核心词汇突破核心词汇突破1.carry sb through 帮助某人渡过难关 单句填空The scientist had failed several times,but his determination carried him some tough times.I had some difficulty in carrying the plan.He carried most of the prizes in the competition.throughoutoff【归纳】carry sth throu
2、gh成功完成某事carry out实施;履行;贯彻carry on doing sth继续做某事carry on(with)sth继续carry off赢得;获得get carried away变得激动2.majority n.大部分;大多数;大半 单句填空To our joy,the majority people choose to carry others through hard times even if they are faced with moral dilemmas.(2020新高考全国卷)However,the majority of people(be)effective
3、 speakers because they train to be.I made up my mind to major English in the future after consulting with my parents and teachers.of arein【归纳】(1)the majority of.大多数be in the majority大多数(2)major n.&v.专业;主修major in主修;以为专业(3)minority n.少数in the minority占少数“a/the majority of+名词”作主语时,其后谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数
4、。the majority作主语时,谓语动词既可以用复数,也可以用单数。plain vi.&vt.抱怨;发牢骚;投诉 单句填空We should strictly follow traffic rules rather than complain _traffic jams.I have a number of (complaint)about the hotel room.If you wish to make a(complain)about that,you should see the manager.about/ofcomplaintscomplaint【归纳】(1)complain
5、(to sb)of/about(doing)sth(向某人)投诉/抱怨(做)某事;(向某人)发牢骚complain(to sb)that.(向某人)抱怨(2)make a complaint about sth抱怨/投诉某事make a complaint to sb 向某人抱怨/投诉4.respond vt.回答;回复vi.做出反应;回应 单句填空The resident physician responded the complaints of his patients immediately.These comments came in(respond)to specific quest
6、ions often asked by local newsmen.toresponse 一句多译 她没有回答我的问题,这使我非常生气。She,which made me very angry.(response)She,which made me very angry.(respond)made no response to my questiondidnt respond to my question【归纳】(1)respond to答复;对做出反应(2)response n.回答,答复;反应in response to 对做出反应make a response to 对做出回应 resp
7、ond to,in response to,make a response to中的to都是介词,后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。5.appoint vt.任命;委派;约定;指定(时间、地点等)单句填空He was appointed chairman of the union,but he rejected the position somehow.(2021新高考全国卷)The very first Federal Duck Stamp was designed by J.N.“Ding”Darling,a political cartoonist from Des Moines,Iow
8、a,who at that time(appoint)by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological Survey.Good morning,Id like to make an (appoint)for next Wednesday afternoon.The disabled girl is attended throughout her schooldays by a nurse appointed(guard)her.aswas appointedappointmentto guard【归纳
9、】(1)appoint sb as/to be.任命某人为appoint sb to do sth委派某人做某事(2)have an appointment with sb与某人有约会make an appointment with sb与某人预约keep/break an/the appointment守/违(爽)约6.tend vt.照顾;照料vi.倾向;趋于 单句填空These days,safety regulationsnot to mention the modern sports fans desire for a good view and a comfortable seat
10、tend(keep)stadium capacities slightly lower.The prices of vegetables are reported to have a(tend)to increase in some cities.to keeptendency 一句多译 据报道房价在某些城市有下降的趋势。It is reported that housing prices in some cities.(tend)It is reported that housing prices in some cities.(tendency)tend to decreasehave a
11、 tendency to decrease【归纳】(1)tend to do sth易于/往往会做某事tend(to)sb/sth照看某人/某物(2)tendency n.倾向,趋势have a tendency to do sth有做某事的倾向7.scare vt.惊吓;使害怕vi.受惊吓 单句填空When I saw a pregnant woman trip over,I was(scare)to death.She was scared(go)into the yard because a big dog was in it.She was scared of(walk)home al
12、one,so she called a taxi.Some parents try to scare their children behaving well.scaredto gowalkinginto 翻译句子(2020浙江卷,读后续写)当我意识到那头熊又回来攻击我们的时候,我几乎要吓死了。_When I realized that the bear was coming back to attack us,I was nearly scared to death.【归纳】(1)scare sb into doing sth恐吓某人做某事scare sb/sth away把吓跑(2)sca
13、red adj.害怕的;对感到惊慌或恐惧的 be scared to do sth害怕/不敢做某事be scared of sb/sth害怕某人/某事be scared to death吓得要死(3)scary adj.吓人的;恐怖的8.replace vt.接替;取代;更换;代替;把放回原处 单句填空(2019全国卷)Nervousness and fear were replaced joy.It just started licking Ehlers face.Most scientists agree that computers cant completely take place
14、of humans.withthe 一句多译 找一个人来代替现在的经理是不容易的。It would be difficult to find a man the present manager.It would be difficult to find a man the present manager.It would be difficult to find a man the present manager.in place ofto replaceto take the place of【归纳】(1)replace.with/by.用替换;以接替(2)take the place of
15、/take ones place代替in place of./in ones place代替(3)replacement n.U更换;替换C替换的人(物)(1)in place of 为介词短语,不可单独作谓语;(2)replace,take ones place 和take the place of 是动词(短语),可作谓语。9.whisper vi.&vt.悄声说;耳语;低语n.耳语(声);低语(声);传言;谣传 单句填空James leaned over to whisper something his classmate.Even though it was only October,
16、my students were already whispering winter holiday plans.The baby is sleeping,so youd better speak whispers.toaboutin【归纳】(1)whisper sth to sb 向某人低声说某事whisper to sb that.轻声对某人说whisper about sth嘀咕某事It is whispered that.私下说;秘密告诉(2)in a whisper/whispers 低声地;耳语地10.assist vt.帮助;援助;协助 单句填空They hired a nurs
17、e to assist their mother her life until she passed away.(2020全国卷)Many stations have wheelchair access from the car park or entrance to the station platforms.For(assist),please call Queensland Rail on 13 16 17.Well do all we can to assist you(finish)this task to make sure you can finish it on schedul
18、e.with/inassistanceto finish【归纳】(1)assist sb to do/in doing sth帮助某人做某事assist sb with/in sth在某方面帮助某人(2)assistance n.帮助;协助come to ones assistance援助某人with the assistance of.在的帮助下(3)assistant n.助手;助理;售货员11.in memory of纪念;追念 短语填空We held a series of celebrations the doctors who gave their lives to the cou
19、ntry.Hearing about his idea,some were his suggestion,but some others were strongly against it.in memory ofin favour of【归纳】in honour of为了向表示敬意,纪念in need of需要in charge of负责,管理in search of寻找in favour of赞同,支持in terms of就而言12.harm n.&v.伤害;损害;危害 单句填空A great deal of tension tends to do harm peoples health
20、mentally.The medicine is harmful children but(harm)to adults.There is no harm(in)(give)up smoking.翻译句子 沉迷于网络游戏对我们的身心健康都有害处。_totoharmlessgivingBeing addicted to online games is harmful to our physical and mental health.【归纳】(1)do sb harm/do harm to sb 对某人有害There is no harm(in)doing sth做某事无害处(2)harmful
21、 adj.有害的be harmful to对有害(3)harmless adj.无害的;不致伤害的13.tear n.眼泪;泪水vt.(tore,torn,tearing)撕破;撕扯 单句填空The boy stood there,looking at his friend tears.I dont know what it was in the novel that made him burst tears.He tore the letter as soon as he finished reading it.Tear the dangerous wall as soon as possible,or sometime it may fall down.inintoupdown【归纳】(1)in tears流着泪;含着泪burst into tears突然大哭起来fight/hold back tears强忍住泪水(2)tear sth apart撕碎某物tear sth down推倒;拆毁(建筑物)tear sth up把(纸/布)撕碎
