1、English LearningUnit 3 Fascinating ParksDiscover Useful StructuresEnglish LearningIn this class we will uLearn how to annalyse and identify the uses ofing formsuReinforce what students have learnt about ing forms as subjectsuPut what has been taught into practiceuWearing a pair of special sleeping s
2、ocks not only sped up the onset of sleep,but increased overall sleep time by an average of 30 minutes.uThe base of the torch was embossed with eight water veins symbolizing the evolution of civilization and representing the eight major river systems in Zhejiang.uHe rushed out,shouting“Youre a liar.”
3、uWe can make the world a better place to live in with each of us contributing a bit.uDo not leave the water running all the time.What are the functions of the ing form in the sentences?Subject 主语主语Attribute 定语定语Adverbial 状语状语Object Complement宾补宾补English Learning1.Even though the sun is brightly shin
4、ing,telling whether it is morning or night is impossible.2.Following the reindeer were the Sami people,who made this territory their home.3.Getting here is quite difficult,so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek.4.For hundreds of years,looking after reindeer was a way of life for
5、 the Sami.5.Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive.used as the subjectused as the subjectused as the subjectused as the subject-ing形式作形式作主语主语，相当于一个，相当于一个名词名词,多指多指抽象抽象、概念性概念性的动作，的动作，经常性经常性或或习惯性习惯性行为。行为。used as the subjectEnglish Learning Talking is easier than doin
6、g.Learning new words is very important for me.Reading aloud is a good way in learning a language.Playing with fire is dangerous.朗读是学习语言的一个好方法。朗读是学习语言的一个好方法。1.-ing形式作形式作主语主语，通常直接，通常直接置于句首置于句首。谓语动词用。谓语动词用单数单数形式。形式。说比做容易。说比做容易。学习新单词对我来说非常重要。学习新单词对我来说非常重要。玩火是危险的。玩火是危险的。English Learning Its worth making
7、the effort.It is pleasant working with you.Its no use crying over split milk.It was a waste of time reading that book.这件事值得努力去做。这件事值得努力去做。和你一起工作很愉快。和你一起工作很愉快。覆水难收。覆水难收。看那本书是浪费时间。看那本书是浪费时间。2.有时可用有时可用it作形式主语前置作形式主语前置，真正的主语是，真正的主语是-ing形式。形式。但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作但这种句子形式有一定的限制，作表语表语的只能是的只能是某些形容词某些形容词或或少数名词少数名词
8、。形容词形容词名词名词English Learning常用常用-ing形式作形式作主语主语的句型有：的句型有：It+be+a waste of time doing It is/was no good/pleasure/use/useless doing It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing It is/was worth/worthwhile doing There is no sense in doing做做是浪费时间的是浪费时间的做做是没有用的是没有用的做做不值得不值得做做是值得的是值得的做做没有用没有用/没有意义没有意义English Learni
9、ng There was no knowing what he could do.There was no telling when this might happen again.He is nice,theres no denying it.There was no arguing with her.3.“There is+no”后可用后可用-ing形式作主语，表示形式作主语，表示“没法没法”。他能做什么他能做什么很难很难说。说。没法没法预料这样的事什么时候会再发生。预料这样的事什么时候会再发生。他很友好，这是他很友好，这是不可不可否认的。否认的。没法没法和她争论。和她争论。English
10、 Learning4.动词动词-ing的复合结构作主语时，通常有两种形式：的复合结构作主语时，通常有两种形式：(1)形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词+动词动词-ing(2)名词所有格名词所有格+动词动词-ingHis being late again made his teacher very angry.他再次迟到让老师很生气。他再次迟到让老师很生气。Mikes returning to work is a great help to his family.麦克回来工作对他全家来说都是一大帮助。麦克回来工作对他全家来说都是一大帮助。English Learning5.动词-ing与动词不定式
11、作主语的区别：动词-ing作主语，常常表示抽象的习惯性或经常性的动作。而不定式一般表示一次性、具体性的行为。Delivering newspapers is his job.送报纸是他的工作。To deliver newspapers is his job today.送报纸是他今天的工作。Climbing mountains can be hard work.爬山会相当辛苦爬山会相当辛苦。To climb the mountains was hard work but as we looked around us we were surprised by the view.虽然爬那些山很辛苦
12、，但虽然爬那些山很辛苦，但.(具体爬西藏那些山行为，这对那次旅游的具体场合而言)(指一般经常性道理)5.动词动词-ing 形式的时态和语态形式的时态和语态完成句子完成句子琳达已经被我的狗咬了，所以她拒绝再和我玩。琳达已经被我的狗咬了，所以她拒绝再和我玩。_by my dog made Linda reufse to play with me again.有时候被惩罚是一件好事。有时候被惩罚是一件好事。Sometimes _ may be a good thing.being punishedHaving been bittenRewrite each of the following sent
13、ences using the-ing form as the subject.P29 2EXAMPLEIt is challenging yet really fascinating to hike through the mountains in the pathless Sarek.Hiking through the mountains in the pathless Sarek is challenging yet really fascinating.1.It is both challenging and rewarding to study abroad.2.It would
14、hardly be possible to go on a hiking tour in Sarek in winter due to the extreme cold.3.Honestly,it can be both exciting and terrifying to explore a vast unknown land.Studying abroad is both challenging and rewarding.Going on a hiking tour in Sarek in winter would hardly be possible due to the extrem
15、e cold.Honestly,exploring a vast unknown land can be both exciting and terrifying.4.It is good to adopt a positive attitude,even when things are difficult.5.It is strongly advised to hire local guides,because they can offer accurate knowledge of Sarek culture and history.Adopting a positive attitude
16、 is good,even when things are difficult.Hiring local guides is strongly advised,because they can offer accurate knowledge of Sarek culture and history.How does the sentence focus change?The use of-ing forms as subjects puts the action first,making the sentences seem more dynamic.用用it作形式主语前置时作形式主语前置时
17、，句子，句子侧重于表语侧重于表语部分部分，强调强调行为的行为的特征特征、状态状态或或给人的给人的感受感受。动词动词-ing形式作主语前置时形式作主语前置时，句子，句子侧重于侧重于主语部分主语部分，强调强调行为本身的行为本身的具体内容具体内容。Fill in each blank using the-ing form of a verb from the box and state its function.One word will be used twice.Xixi National Wetland Park,_ 10 square kilometres in western Hangzh
18、ou,is the first national wetland park in China._ city life,nature,and wetlands makes the park a popular destination both for tourists and local residents.At Xixi,_ a boat tour,_ along paths,and _ local customs and traditions of the villages in this park are at the top of the list of peoples favourit
19、e activities.With trees,bushes,and colourful flowers _ along the riversides,the park shows different sides of beauty in different seasons.In order to better develop as well as preserve this place,_ human impact on Xixi Wetland was considered by the park designers.All the new buildings were designed
20、in a traditional way to fit into the natural environment.This green,watery world is home to many birds and fishes.With trees _ in the shallows,the wetland is a natural system for providing clean water and producing oxygen,which makes it the“green lungs of Hangzhou”.combine cover grow take limit walk
21、 experiencecoveringCombiningtakingwalkingexperiencinggrowinglimitinggrowingattributesubjectsubjectsubjectsubjectO-CsubjectO-C _(run)is not only beneficial to our health but also friendly to the environment._(invite)to the party is a great honour for the whole family.Not _(finish)the task on time mad
22、e him unhappy._(criticize)before the whole class made me feel embarrassed._(win)the gold medal in the Olympic Games made her famous overnight.It is a waste of time _(play)video games.It is bad manners _(talk)loudly in public places.Running Being invitedfinishing Being criticized Having won playingto
23、 talkEnglish Learning动词-ing形式作主语表示经常性或习惯性的动作且常放句首形容词性物主代词+动词-ing名词所有格+动词-ing动词-ing作 主 语动词-ing的复合结构Its a waste time doing sthIts useless/no use/no good doing sthIts no fun doing sthit 作形式主语动词原形+-ing基本构成基本用法动词-ing与动词不定式作主语的区别重点短语1.far from 2.from a distance 3.result in 4.hunt for 5.也;还 6.以传统的方式7.与相融洽;
24、融入8.是的家园 离很远 从远处 导致 寻找as well as in a traditional wayfit intobe home to1.prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止;阻止prohibit sth禁止某事prohibit doing sth禁止做某事prohibit sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事;阻止某人做某事prohibition n.禁止;禁令单句语法填空(1)The school rules prohibit(smoke).(2)The tourists are prohibited getting on the island.(3)The en
25、vironmental group is demanding a complete (prohibit)against the hunting of whales.smoking fromprohibition用stretch的适当形式填空(1)You had better do some exercise the leg muscles.(2)She out on the sofa and kicked off her shoes.to stretch stretched2.stretch vi.延伸;延续 vi.&vt.伸展;舒展stretch out延续;躺着舒展身体1.This vas
26、t new park is nearly four times larger than the old wildlife park protecting Siberian tigers in Northeast China.这个庞大的新公园是保护中国东北西伯利亚虎的老野生动物园的近四倍大。【句式剖析】本句中的protecting.是动词-ing形式构成的短语作定语。four times larger than是倍数的表示方法,由“倍数+比较级+than”构成。【句式拓展】(1)倍数+as+many/much+n.+as(2)倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as(3)倍数+形容词/副词比较级+th
27、an(4)倍数+the size/length/height/depth/width+ofThere are five times as many books in our library as in yours.我们图书馆里书的数量是你们图书馆里的五倍。This bridge is three times the length of that one.这座桥是那座桥的三倍长。用所给词的适当形式填空(1)The lake is five times(large)than that one.(2)Smoking is harmful to peoples health,killing seven
28、 times(many)people each year than traffic accidents.larger more一句多译据我所知,这个城市是那个城市的三倍大。(3)As far as I know,the city is three times that one.(4)As far as I know,the city is three times that one.(5)As far as I know,the city is three times that one.as large aslarger thanthe size of2.The problem,however,
29、was that the old park was too small to support further population increases.然而,问题是旧公园太小,无法承受进一步数量的增加。【句式剖析】The problem was.是主句,that引导的是表语从句。too.to do sth意为“太以致不能做某事”,too后接形容词或副词,to是动词不定式符号,后接动词原形,动词不定式表示否定意义。【句式拓展】(1)too.to.与not或never连用时,意为“无论也不过分,越越好”。(2)too ready/easy/eager/willing/anxious/happy.t
30、o.表示肯定,作“过于、太会”解。The girl is too careful not to do it well.这姑娘很细心,完全能干好那件事。I am too glad to get such a gift.我很高兴能得到这样的礼物。单句语法填空(1)This question is too difficult for the children(answer).(2)The building is too old for them to live.句式升级(3)The apple on the tree is too high for me to reach.The apple on
31、the tree isI cant reach it.to answer inso high thatEnglish LearningSee You Next Class!English Learning China_(announce)important archaeological findings from the 3,000-year-old Sanxingdui Ruins site on Saturday.They had castles _(build)all around England,and made changes to the legal system.Two bron
32、ze heads _(cover)with gold foil masks were unearthed from the No.2 sacrificial pit in 1986.With the excavation_(complete),Chinese archaeologists feel relieved.The play_(produce)next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture The trees _(blow)down in the storm have been moved off the road.Time,_(
33、use)correctly,is money in the bank.announcedbuiltcoveredcompletedto be producedblownusedEnglish Learning _(compare)this with that,you will see which is better._(face)this,we can find a proper time to have a heart-to-heart talk with them,_(try)to remove the misunderstanding._(learn)more about Chinese
34、 culture，Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course._(raise)in the poorest area of Glasgow,he had a long，hard road to becoming a football star.Anxiously，she took the dress out of the package and tried it on，only_(find)it didnt fit._(observe)carefully if any change occurs when
35、doing experiments in the lab.He is (dress)in white uniform.Comparing Facing tryingTo learnRaised to findObserve dressedEnglish LearningThe film_(intend)for children was very interesting.One day when Laennec was walking in the park，he saw some girls _(play)with a seesaw(跷跷板)From then on，his fear of t
36、alking before a big audience disappeared.Actually Jack had his confidence _(build)up.Now he turns out to be a good speaker.You can imagine how terribly shy I was the moment I thought of that with so many eyes_(fix)upon me.One day，he lost a small bag _(contain)50 gold coins.intended playingbuiltfixed
37、containingFill in the blanks with the correct form:English Learning A US TV show_(call)A Walk in Your Shoes gives people the chance to try.There are still many problems_(solve)before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.Forest fires are often caused by_(break)glass or by cigarette ends which peo
38、ple carelessly throw away.Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it _(perform)live is quite another.Our teacher walked into the room quietly in order not to make himself _(notice)calledto be solvedbrokenbeing performednoticedEnglish LearningLucy has a great sense of humour and always
39、keeps her collegues _(amuse)with her stories._(situate)in the city of Guanghan,southwest Chinas Sichuan Province,the Sanxingdui Ruins site is considered one of the most significant ancient remains_(find)in the 20th century.What _(astonish)the archaeologists most about this gold mask is its large siz
40、e:23 centimeters wide and 28 centimeters high.Although only about half of the gold mask was _(excavate),its so far the largest of its kind found in the primary stage of the Chinese civilization,_(weigh)280 grams.amusedSituatedfoundastonishedexcavatedweighingEnglish LearningLucy has a great sense of
41、humour and always keeps her collegues _(amuse)with her stories._(situate)in the city of Guanghan,southwest Chinas Sichuan Province,the Sanxingdui Ruins site is considered one of the most significant ancient remains_(find)in the 20th century.What _(astonish)the archaeologists most about this gold mas
42、k is its large size:23 centimeters wide and 28 centimeters high.Although only about half of the gold mask was _(excavate),its so far the largest of its kind found in the primary stage of the Chinese civilization,_(weigh)280 grams.amusedSituatedfoundastonishedexcavatedweighingEnglish LearningSimilar
43、gold masks,though severely _(damage),were also unearthed from the No.2 sacrificial pit.Chinese archaeologists for the first time are using 3D scanning and printing technology to make well-fitting casings for relics_(unearth)from the 5,000-year old Sanxingdui Ruins in southwest Chinas Sichuan Provinc
44、e on March 20.Thirty-five years later,Chinese archaeologists_(undertake)a second excavation have uncovered six more sacrificial pits at Sanxingdui,in addition to the original two.Lei Yu also shares his personal story,_(explain)how new archaeological techniques are being employed,and offers his views on the current craze for archaeology in China.damagedunearthedundertakingexplains
