1、（madeofdingshangtuwenmadeofdingshangtuwen）Unit 4Wildlife protectionLearning about Languagebite vt.&vi.咬咬;叮叮;刺痛刺痛【语境领悟语境领悟】*What should you do if you are being bitten by mosquitoes?如果你正在被蚊子叮咬如果你正在被蚊子叮咬,你应该怎么做你应该怎么做?*A poisonous snake bit him in the arm.一条毒蛇咬了他的胳膊。一条毒蛇咬了他的胳膊。*Once bitten,twice shy.一朝被
2、蛇咬一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳。十年怕井绳。*Barking dogs seldom bite.爱叫的狗很少咬人。爱叫的狗很少咬人。【名师点津名师点津】(1)“咬某人的胳膊咬某人的胳膊”表示为表示为bite sb.in the arm,即即“bite+人人+介介词词+the+部位部位”。(2)bite的过去式为的过去式为bit;过去分词为过去分词为bitten。【即学活用即学活用】They _mosquitoes.他们被蚊子叮得很厉害。他们被蚊子叮得很厉害。The fierce shark _.这条凶猛的鲨鱼咬住了他的腿。这条凶猛的鲨鱼咬住了他的腿。are badly bitten bybit h
3、im by the leg_twice,the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.A.Being bittenB.BittenC.Having bitten D.To be bitten【解析解析】选选B。考查非谓语动词。句意。考查非谓语动词。句意:邮递员因被狗咬了两邮递员因被狗咬了两次次,拒绝给我们送信拒绝给我们送信,除非我们把狗拴住。除非我们把狗拴住。the postman和和bite之间是被动关系之间是被动关系,过去分词表示完成了的动作。过去分词表示完成了的动作。【要点拾遗要点拾遗】1.pic
4、k out 挑选挑选;分辨出分辨出【语境领悟语境领悟】*Please pick out the most helpful piece of advice.请挑选出最有帮助的一条建议。请挑选出最有帮助的一条建议。*He easily picked out his friend from the crowd.他从人群中很容易地就认出了他的朋友。他从人群中很容易地就认出了他的朋友。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】pick up拾起拾起;学到学到;获得获得;收听到收听到;搭载搭载;染上染上(疾病或坏习惯疾病或坏习惯);加速加速;身体康复身体康复【即学活用即学活用】完成句子。完成句子。She _from thous
5、ands of applicants for the job.从数千申请人中挑选出她来做那份工作。从数千申请人中挑选出她来做那份工作。(2014临汾高一检测临汾高一检测)It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly_my friend.A.turn outB.pick outC.pick upD.bring out【解析解析】选选B。句意。句意:电影院里那么黑暗以致于我几乎不能辨电影院里那么黑暗以致于我几乎不能辨认出我的朋友。认出我的朋友。pick out分辨出分辨出;turn out结果是结果是;pick up拾起拾起;bring out使
6、出现使出现,使显明。使显明。was picked out2.After a while she saw some zebra with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs.过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马过了一会儿她看到了一些斑马,它们身上有从上一直延伸到它们身上有从上一直延伸到腹部的黑白相间的条纹。腹部的黑白相间的条纹。【句式分析句式分析】(1)这是一个含有这是一个含有with复合结构的简单句。句中的复合结构的简单句。句中的“with black and white lines going beneath their stomach
7、s”作后置定语修作后置定语修饰饰“some zebra”。(2)with的复合结构为的复合结构为“with+宾语宾语(n./pron.)+宾语补足语宾语补足语”。在句中在句中with复合结构多数充当状语复合结构多数充当状语,表示行为方式、伴随情况、表示行为方式、伴随情况、时间、原因或条件。在句中也可以作定语。时间、原因或条件。在句中也可以作定语。【名师点津名师点津】图示图示with复合结构复合结构*He often sleeps with the windows open.他经常开着窗睡觉。他经常开着窗睡觉。*The building looks more beautiful with all
8、 the lights on.所有的灯都开着所有的灯都开着,这楼显得更加漂亮。这楼显得更加漂亮。*The teacher went into the classroom with some books in his hand.老师手里拿着几本书走进教室。老师手里拿着几本书走进教室。*With the problem settled,he went home.这个问题解决后他就回家了。这个问题解决后他就回家了。*With you standing there,we cant work.你站在那儿我们无法工作。你站在那儿我们无法工作。*I cant go out with lots of home
9、work to do.因为有很多作业要做因为有很多作业要做,我不能出去。我不能出去。【即学活用即学活用】用用with的复合结构完成句子。的复合结构完成句子。_,I finished the work in time.有了汤姆的帮助有了汤姆的帮助,我及时完成了这项工作。我及时完成了这项工作。The thief was brought in _.小偷双手被捆着带了进来。小偷双手被捆着带了进来。The guard stood at the gate _.卫兵手持枪站在门口。卫兵手持枪站在门口。_,weve got more room.约翰不在约翰不在,我们有了更多的地方。我们有了更多的地方。With
10、 Tom helping mewith his hands tiedwith a gun in his handsWith John away(2012辽宁高考辽宁高考)The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog_them.A.to followB.followingC.followedD.follows【解析解析】选选B。考查。考查with的复合结构。句意的复合结构。句意:这对老夫妇经常这对老夫妇经常在晚饭后带着他们的宠物狗在公园里散步。在在晚饭后带着他们的宠物狗在公园里散步。在wi
11、th的复合结的复合结构中构中,宾语宾语their pet dog与宾语补足语之间为主动关系与宾语补足语之间为主动关系,故用故用following作宾语补足语。作宾语补足语。现在进行时的被动语态现在进行时的被动语态1.现在进行时的被动语态的基本结构现在进行时的被动语态的基本结构【语境领悟语境领悟】*A new library is being built now.一座新图书馆正在被修建。一座新图书馆正在被修建。*Some animals are not being protected well enough.有些动物没有受到足够好的保护。有些动物没有受到足够好的保护。*Is the bridge
12、 being repaired now?现在那座桥在修吗现在那座桥在修吗?*What is being done on the new medicine?正在这种新药物上做什么正在这种新药物上做什么?*How many bridges are being built in the town?在这个镇里在建的桥有多少在这个镇里在建的桥有多少?【知识归纳知识归纳】肯定结构肯定结构be(am/is/are)being done否定结构否定结构be(am/is/are)+not+being done一般疑问结构一般疑问结构be(am/is/are)+主语主语+being done特殊疑问结构特殊疑问结
13、构特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+be(am/is/are)+主语主语+being done【思维延伸思维延伸】主动语态变被动语态的原则主动语态变被动语态的原则“三变三变”:原句主语变为原句主语变为by短语短语,宾语变为主语宾语变为主语,谓语由主动变谓语由主动变为被动为被动;“三不变三不变”:原句意思不变原句意思不变,原句时态不变原句时态不变,原句主谓宾以外成原句主谓宾以外成分不变。分不变。*They are building nine parks.Nine parks are being built.How many parks are being built?2.现在进行时的被动语态的基本用法现在进
14、行时的被动语态的基本用法【语境领悟语境领悟】*She is being examined by the doctor now.现在她正在被医生检查。现在她正在被医生检查。*The life of the panda is being studied at present.现在正在研究大熊猫的生活环境。现在正在研究大熊猫的生活环境。*Some rock music is being played by them next.下面将由他们演奏一些摇滚音乐。下面将由他们演奏一些摇滚音乐。*Tom is always being praised by the teacher.汤姆总是受到老师的表扬。汤姆
15、总是受到老师的表扬。【知识归纳知识归纳】(1)表示正在进行或发生的被动动作表示正在进行或发生的被动动作,常与常与now,look等词连用。等词连用。(2)表示现阶段或目前这段时间正在进行的被动动作表示现阶段或目前这段时间正在进行的被动动作,但这一但这一被动动作在此时不一定正在发生。被动动作在此时不一定正在发生。(3)表示按计划、安排主语将要承受某个动作。表示按计划、安排主语将要承受某个动作。(4)表示一种经常性或习惯性的被动行为表示一种经常性或习惯性的被动行为,常与常与always,forever,continually,constantly等词连用等词连用,往往带有赞扬、责备、厌烦往往带有赞
16、扬、责备、厌烦及埋怨等感情色彩。及埋怨等感情色彩。【深化点拨深化点拨】使用现在进行时的被动语态应注意的问题使用现在进行时的被动语态应注意的问题:(1)在现在进行时的被动语态中在现在进行时的被动语态中be(am/is/are)为第一助动词为第一助动词,being为第二助动词为第二助动词,缺一不可缺一不可,且位置不可互换。且位置不可互换。*My computer is being repaired now.我的电脑现在正在被修理。我的电脑现在正在被修理。(强调正在被进行强调正在被进行)(2)像像take care of,look after,talk about,think of等动词与介词等动词
17、与介词构成的短语用于现在进行时的被动语态时构成的短语用于现在进行时的被动语态时,其中的介词不可其中的介词不可省略。省略。*Something is being talked about among those people.在那些人中正谈论着某件事情。在那些人中正谈论着某件事情。(3)“be(am/is/are)+under/in+n.”有时可相当于现在进行时的有时可相当于现在进行时的被动语态。被动语态。*The school is still under construction now.=The school is being built now.学校现在正在建设中。学校现在正在建设中。*
18、The new law is in use.=The new law is being used.这项新法律正被使用。这项新法律正被使用。(4)有些动词进行时的主动形式就可以表示被动的意思有些动词进行时的主动形式就可以表示被动的意思,常见常见的这些动词有的这些动词有:print,cook,fry,bake,burn,hang等。等。*The house is burning.房子着火了。房子着火了。*The meat is cooking.正在煮肉。正在煮肉。(5)有些表有些表“状态状态,心理活动心理活动,情感情感”等的动词等的动词,常用一般现在时常用一般现在时的被动语态表示的被动语态表示“正
19、在进行正在进行”。*You are wanted on the phone.有人打电话找你。有人打电话找你。*MP3 is becoming more and more popular.In other words,it is loved by more and more people.MP3越来越受欢迎越来越受欢迎,换句话说换句话说,它越来越受人们的喜爱。它越来越受人们的喜爱。(2012四川高考四川高考)They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house_.A.is being rebuiltB.
20、has been rebuiltC.is rebuilt D.has rebuilt解题分析解题分析:【活用活用】1.(2013北京高考北京高考)So what is the procedure?All the applicants_before a final decision is made by the authority.A.interviewB.are interviewingC.are interviewed D.are being interviewed【解析解析】选选C。考查时态和语态。句意。考查时态和语态。句意:那么程序是什么那么程序是什么呢呢?所有的申请人在官方做出最终决定
21、之前都要被面试。所有的申请人在官方做出最终决定之前都要被面试。由上下语境可知说话人在陈述一项规定由上下语境可知说话人在陈述一项规定,故用一般现在时故用一般现在时,且且主语与主语与interview之间是被动关系之间是被动关系,故选故选C。2.(2012重庆高考重庆高考)Food supplies in the flood-stricken area_.We must act immediately before theres none left.A.have run out B.are running outC.have been run out D.are being run out【解析解
22、析】选选B。考查时态和语态。句意。考查时态和语态。句意:供应洪灾地区的食物供应洪灾地区的食物快用完了。我们必须在用完之前立刻采取行动。快用完了。我们必须在用完之前立刻采取行动。run out是不是不及物动词词组及物动词词组,不能用于被动语态不能用于被动语态,排除排除C、D;由第二句中的由第二句中的before theres none left可知可知,run out是将要发生的动作是将要发生的动作,应应用将来时。用将来时。have run out是现在完成时是现在完成时,表示动作的完成表示动作的完成;are running out是进行时是进行时,可以表将来可以表将来,故选故选B。3.(201
23、4嘉兴高一检测嘉兴高一检测)Hi,Tony,can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?Sorry._.A.Its repaired B.It has been repairedC.Its being repaired D.It had been repaired【解析解析】选选C。考查动词的时态和语态。句意。考查动词的时态和语态。句意:嗨嗨,Tony,我今天下午能用会儿你的电脑吗我今天下午能用会儿你的电脑吗?很抱歉。它正在被修很抱歉。它正在被修理。结合句意可知理。结合句意可知,为进行时态的被动语态为进行时态的被动语态,故故C项正确。项
24、正确。【补偿训练补偿训练】1.(2010上海高考上海高考)The church tower which_will be open to tourists soon.The work is almost finished.A.has restored B.has been restoredC.is restoring D.is being restored【解析解析】选选D。考查动词的时态和语态。句意。考查动词的时态和语态。句意:那个正在修复那个正在修复的教堂塔很快就会对游客开放。修复工作差不多完成了。根的教堂塔很快就会对游客开放。修复工作差不多完成了。根据句意可知修复正在进行中据句意可知修复正
25、在进行中,故用现在进行时的被动语态。故用现在进行时的被动语态。A,C都表示主动都表示主动,B是现在完成时的被动语态是现在完成时的被动语态,故故D项正确。项正确。2.(2010天津高考天津高考)Traditional folk arts of Tianjin like paper cutting _ at the culture show of the 2010 Shanghai World Expo.A.are exhibiting B.is exhibitingC.are being exhibited D.is being exhibited【解析解析】选选C。考查现在进行时态的被动语态。
26、句意。考查现在进行时态的被动语态。句意:像剪纸像剪纸一样的天津民间传统艺术品正在一样的天津民间传统艺术品正在2010年上海世博会的文化展年上海世博会的文化展览中展出。根据句意可知览中展出。根据句意可知“正在被展览正在被展览”,所以用现在进行所以用现在进行时态的被动语态形式。时态的被动语态形式。3.(2010北京高考北京高考)In the spoken English of some areas in the US,the“r”sounds at the end of the words_.A.are dropped B.dropC.are being dropped D.have droppe
27、d【解析解析】选选A。考查动词的时态和语态。句意。考查动词的时态和语态。句意:在美国一些地在美国一些地区的口语里区的口语里,单词末尾的单词末尾的“r”音被省略。音被省略。the“r”sounds与与drop为被动关系为被动关系,且本句说的是一种现象且本句说的是一种现象,用一般现在时用一般现在时,故故A项正确。项正确。.把下列句子变为被动语态把下列句子变为被动语态1.They are painting our classroom.Our classroom _by them.2.Many people are always asking him silly questions.He _silly
28、 questions by many people.3.The old man is looking after the little dog.The little dog _by the old man.is being paintedis always being askedis being looked after4.Mary is writing a letter to her brother.A letter _by Mary to her brother.5.They are interviewing him now.He _now.6.They are planting tree
29、s on both sides of the road.Trees _on both sides of the road.is being writtenis being interviewedare being planted.单句改错单句改错1.The countryside is gradually swallowed up by new development now.()2.The patients are being taken care by the nurses.()3.These animals are hunted at such a speed that they wil
30、l disappear soon.()4.Will you go with me to see the film that is shown tonight?()5.Thousands of families are fleeing their homes because their country is under attacked.()6.The man has broken the law.Now he is being wanted by the police.()7.Many things are done here to save local wildlife.()8.The picture is being hung on the wall.()答案答案:1.gradually后加后加being2.care后加后加of3.are后加后加being4.is后加后加being5.attacked改为改为attack6.去掉去掉being7.are后加后加being8.being hung改为改为hanging
