1、单单词词课课堂堂版本:新外研版本:新外研 单元:选择性必修四 Unit 61.unexceptional构词:un-(not)+exceptional(异常的、特别的)同族词:except,exception,exceptional,exceptionally,unexceptional2.tragically构词:tragic(选必二 U4)+-al+-ly(副词后缀)3.instantaneously构词法:instant instantaneously4.shadow词块:cast a shadow over/on,in the shadow(s)5.scream基本义:尖叫词块:let
2、 out/give a scream,6.suspend构词:sus-(up from under)+pend(to hang)悬、挂(基本义);词块:suspend sb/sth from sth派生词:suspension(a suspension bridge)本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理7.crew集体名词:全体工作人员;一队工作人员8.lifelike构词:life+-like(像一样)9.submit构词:sub-(under)+mit(to send)向下送出 把自己放于他人的控制之下 屈服;投降词块:submit sth to sb,submit(oneself)to(doin
3、g)sth派生词:submission同根词:admit,permit,commit 10.awesome 构词:awe(敬畏)+-some(的)意为“极好的”“了不起的”时为非正式用语,近义词为 excellent同后缀词:tiresome11.telescope构词:tele-(far 远)+scope(观察仪器)观察远处用的仪器 望远镜同根词:microscope同前缀词:telephone,television12.angle基本义:角词块:from a different angle名词动词化:斜置13.subatomic构词:sub-(under,below)+atomic(原子的
4、)14.invisible构词:in-(not)+visible(必修一 U2)15.straightforward 合成词:straight(adj 直的)+forward(adv 向前)16.self-discipline构词:self-+disciplinediscipline词源:古罗马人以纪律严明著称,其纪律性是从儿童教育阶段开始培养的。他们认为,教育不仅仅是传授知识,更重要的是磨练意志、培养吃苦耐劳、遵守纪律等各项优良品质。英语 discipline 来自拉丁语,指的就是古罗马的这种教育,即“指导”“教学”,由此衍生出“学科”之意。由于古罗马的教育强调纪律和惩戒,因此 discip
5、line 又产生了“纪律”的含义。17.fetch词块:fetch sb sth/fetch sth for sb18.muscle词源:英语单词 muscle 来自拉丁语 musculus(小老鼠)。古罗马人认为肌肉(muscle)形状很像一只老鼠(mouse)。熟词生义:体力;力气19.disc/diskdisc 是英式英语,美式英语是diskshadow辨析义辨析义submit正式用语正式用语词根词根重难点词精讲suspend一词多义一词多义隐喻词根词缀正式用语与非正式用语名词动词化discipline&self-discipline一词多义一词多义scream一词多义一词多义fetch
6、辨析义辨析义shadow 皮影戏是中国一门传统艺术。观众在观看皮影戏时,看到的是道具轮廓的“影子”,而其对应的英文是shadow play,很符合皮影戏的本质特点。还有一门中国传统文化艺术太极拳,在英文中称作tai chi(音译)或shadow boxing,为何太极拳也跟“影子”有关呢?这还要归到太极拳本质虚实转换,转换间如“影子”一般,这也就可以解释为什么用shadow boxing了。shadow n C 影子;阴影;坏影响影子;阴影;坏影响:shadow playThere is no shadow without light.shadows under sbs eyesthe sha
7、dow of death U也可用复数背光处;阴暗处也可用复数背光处;阴暗处 :Sometimes she sits alone in the shadow(s).cast a shadow on/over 给给蒙上阴影:蒙上阴影:The Challenger disaster cast a shadow on peoples hearts.外研新选必 6shade vs shadow shade 指阳光照不到的地方,如树下或墙边的阴凉处,一般没有具体的轮廓。Lets sit in the shade of the tree for a while.shadow 指某物遮住阳光或其他光源后形成
8、的影子,可以引申为“不良的兆头或阴影”,也可指黑暗的地方。A man jumped out of the shadows and grabbed my phone.scream呐喊(The Scream),爱德华蒙克1893年的作品。这幅画是表现主义绘画的代表。画作的主体是在血红色映衬下一个极其痛苦的表情。红色的背景源于1883年印度尼西亚喀拉喀托火山爆发,火山灰把天空染红了。蒙克将画面中沉闷、焦虑并且孤独的情感,表现到了一种极致。爱德华蒙克(18631944),挪威表现主义画家、版画复制匠,现代表现主义绘画的先驱。其主要作品有呐喊(The Scream)、生命之舞、卡尔约翰街的夜晚等。scr
9、eam v vi&vt(因疼痛、兴奋、恐惧等)尖叫:(因疼痛、兴奋、恐惧等)尖叫:The Challenger had exploded in mid-air and we all started screaming.外研新选必 6scream in/with fear/pain/laughter vt&vi 高声喊;尖声叫高声喊;尖声叫 (yell):The trapped passengers screamed for help.vi(机器、汽笛等)发出尖锐刺耳的声音;(风)呼啸:(机器、汽笛等)发出尖锐刺耳的声音;(风)呼啸:The wind screamed through the t
10、rees.n C 尖叫声;尖锐刺耳的声音尖叫声;尖锐刺耳的声音:give/let out a scream a scream of laughter基本义基本义出于某种目的出于某种目的“尖叫尖叫”机器、风等机器、风等“尖叫尖叫”suspend悬索桥,又名吊桥(suspension bridge)指的是用缆索做桥梁主要承重结构的桥。将缆索悬挂在桥两端塔架上,桥身用细索或吊杆吊在缆索上。2020年12月11日上午,世界首座高速铁路悬索桥连接江苏扬州和镇江的五峰山长江大桥通车啦!大桥全长6.4公里,创七项世界之最。推特安全账户2021年1月8日晚发文称:“在仔细审查特朗普账户最近发布的推文以及这些推
11、文的背景后,我们已永久停封(停封(suspend)该帐户。”暂停;中止;使暂停发挥作用(或使用等)暂停;中止;使暂停发挥作用(或使用等)to officially stop sth for a time:Following the shock of the Challenger disaster,space shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years.外研新选必 6suspend vt 正式用语正式用语 悬;挂;吊悬;挂;吊 to hang sth from sth else:The builders worked on wood
12、en platforms,suspended by ropes from the roof of the building.构词:sus-(up from under 从下往上)+pend(to hang 挂、悬挂)悬、挂基本义:悬、挂suspend悬、挂悬、挂物体物体悬、挂悬、挂事情事情 使暂时停职(或停学等)使暂时停职(或停学等):He was suspended from school for fighting.【词汇拓展词汇拓展】suspension nC&U 悬挂;暂停;中止:悬挂;暂停;中止:The referee interrupted the match,and there w
13、as a suspension of play.a suspension bridge 悬、挂悬、挂人的职业、学业人的职业、学业(suspend+-sion)suspend 语义网络图语义网络图悬、挂悬、挂物体物体悬;挂;吊悬;挂;吊使暂时停职(或使暂时停职(或停学等)停学等)暂停;中止暂停;中止悬、挂悬、挂人的职人的职业、学业业、学业悬、挂悬、挂事情事情暂停;中止;使暂暂停;中止;使暂停发挥作用(或使停发挥作用(或使用等)用等)悬挂悬挂悬、挂悬、挂suspend(基本义基本义)suspensionsubmit v vt&vi正式用语(使)屈服;(使)服从:正式用语(使)屈服;(使)服从:He
14、 submitted himself to a search by the security guards.vt 提交;呈递:提交;呈递:submit an applicationPlease submit your reports to me before the deadline.构词:构词:sub-(under)+mit(to send)向下送出 把自己放于他人的控制之下 屈服 将物品放于管辖之下 提交词汇拓展词汇拓展submission n U 屈服;屈从屈服;屈从:No way can you force her into submission.C&U 提交(物);呈递(书);呈交:
15、提交(物);呈递(书);呈交:We normally respond to article submissions within six weeks.2011 北京mit 词根记词汇词根记词汇mit发、送发、送admit v 容许容许进入进入ad-去去;进;进 +mit 发送,放行发送,放行 容许容许进入进入commit v(使)承担义务;(使)作出保证(使)承担义务;(使)作出保证com-共同共同 +mit 共同共同把义务等发送给某人把义务等发送给某人(使)承担义务;(使)承担义务;(使)作出保证(使)作出保证submit v 提交;呈递提交;呈递 sub-在在下下 +mit 送到管辖之下送
16、到管辖之下 (使)(使)屈服;提交屈服;提交permit v 许可;准许许可;准许per-通过通过+mit 送其过去,让其通过送其过去,让其通过 许可;准许许可;准许transmit v 输送;传送输送;传送trans-越越+mit 输送;输送;传送传送 自由来自自律。自由来自自律。亚里士多德说,人是被习惯所塑造的,优异的成绩来自于良好的习惯,而非一时的冲动。亚里士多德(Aristotle公元前384 前322),古代先哲、古希腊人、世界古代史上伟大的哲学家、科学家和教育家之一,堪称希腊哲学的集大成者。他是柏拉图的学生,亚历山大的老师。作为一位百科全书式的科学家,他几乎对每个学科都做出了贡献。
17、他的写作涉及伦理学、形而上学、心理学、经济学、神学、政治学、修辞学、自然科学、教育学、诗歌、风俗,以及雅典法律。亚里士多德的著作构建了西方哲学的第一个广泛系统,包含道德、美学、逻辑和科学、政治和玄学。discipline&self-disciplinediscipline古罗马人以纪律严明著称。其纪律性是从儿童教育阶段开始培养的。他们认为,教育不仅仅是传授知识,更重要的是磨练意志、培养吃苦耐劳、遵守 纪 律 等 各 项 优 良 品 质。英 语 discipline 来自拉丁语,指的就是古罗马的这种教育,即“指导”“教学”,由此延伸出“学科”之意。由于古罗马的教育强调纪律和惩戒,因此 disci
18、pline 又产生了“纪律”的含义。词源词源discipline n U 训练;管教;纪律训练;管教;纪律:The school has a reputation for high standards of discipline.The book gives parents advice on discipline.C 训练办法训练办法:Learning poetry is a good discipline for the memory.U 自制力自制力:Studying at home requires a good deal of discipline.C 正式用语正式用语(尤指大学的)
19、学科尤指大学的)学科:vt 惩罚;处罚惩罚;处罚:The workman was disciplined by his company but not dismissed.训练;训导;管教训练;训导;管教:a guide to the best ways of disciplining your child 自我控制;严格要求(自己)自我控制;严格要求(自己):We discipline ourselves to do at least two hours of exercise every day.名词动词化名词动词化self-discipline n U 自我约束;自律:自我约束;自律:A
20、stronauts need to find the self-discipline to keep the small interior of the spacecraft clean.外研新选必 6注:注:self-用于构成复合名词或复合形容词,表示“自身的”“靠自身的”“为自身的”。vt(去)拿来;(去)取来;(去)请来(去)拿来;(去)取来;(去)请来 to go to where sb/sth is and bring them/it back:Run and fetch the doctor.Fetch me my umbrella./Fetch my umbrella for m
21、e.fetchfetch,bring 辨析辨析二者都含有“拿来”的意思。bring 意为“拿来”“带来”,指将人或物拿到说话人所在地或即将要去的地方,强调一个方向的动作一个方向的动作。It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party.2020 全国fetch 通常意为“去拿来”,指去取了某物或带上某人,再返回原处,强调动作的一往一返动作的一往一返,相当于go and bring。John threw a ball away and then asked his dog to fetch it for him.名词动词化名词动词化
22、写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。1.He angled his chair so that he could sit and watch her from a clearer angle._2.More than 100,000 people tuned in to listen to the theme tune of the TV play._ 3.The airplane caught fire,and the pilot and passengers exited through the emergency exit._ 4.The local thea
23、tre group was staging a new play.Many famous actors were on stage._ 斜置斜置收听收听出去出去上演上演英语中有很多名词可转化为动词,常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质英语中有很多名词可转化为动词,常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。特征的动作。本单元的词根词缀本单元的词根词缀1.invisible:in-(not 不)+vis(to see 看)+-ible(能的)不能看见的;_2.telescope:tele-(far 远)+scope(观察仪器)观察 _ 用的仪器 _3.suspend:sus-(up from und
24、er 从下往上)+pend(to hang 挂)_ 悬;挂;_4.succeed:suc-(=sub-:next to,after 在后面)+ceed(to go/move 走)在后面跟着 _ _5.submit:sub-(under 在下面)+mit(send 送)送在下面;放在下面 送到某人的管辖之下 提交;呈递;_看不见的看不见的远处远处自上而下的挂着自上而下的挂着走走望远镜望远镜吊吊接替接替屈服屈服正式用语与非正式用语Informal Neutral(中性的)Formal习惯于(做)某事/be used to(doing)sthbe _ to(doing)sth解雇某人sack sb
25、fire sb _ sb购买光盘get a disc buy a disc _ a disc快乐与悲伤/joys and sadnessesjoys and griefs/joys and _在做某事之前/before doing sth_ doing sth拥有某物/have(got)/own sth possess sth/be in _ of sthaccustomeddismisspurchasesorrowsprior topossession 英语中的 metaphor(隐喻)来源于希腊语 metaphora,该词由 meta-(over)和 pherein(to carry)合成
26、,合起来意思是 to carry over(拿过来)。因此,隐喻的本质是用一种事物来理解另一种事物,并且多是参照熟悉的、有形的、具体的事物来认识和表达无形的、抽象的事物。隐喻是一种思维方式,无处不在,它是多义词产生词义的主要理据。建立隐喻思维能更好地理解和掌握由基本义到衍生义这一思维。隐喻 metaphor单词基本义比喻义cast a shadow投射影子蒙上一层阴影take off起飞开始成功shuttle班车 航天飞机angle角角度/观点本单元隐喻典型词本单元隐喻典型词本单元金句汇总本单元金句汇总1.The Challenger disaster cast a shadow on peo
27、ples hearts.外研新选必 62.The wind screamed through the trees.3.Please submit your reports to me before the deadline.4.Studying at home requires a good deal of discipline.随堂检测随堂检测shadow写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.The children were having fun,chasing each others shadows._2.He didnt want to cast a
28、shadow on their happiness._ 3.I thought I saw a figure standing in the shadows._4.Kate grew up in the shadow of her film star sister._影子影子给给蒙上一层阴影蒙上一层阴影阴暗处阴暗处在在的阴影下的阴影下一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.He showed us a snake and Milly screamed._ 2.Through the smoke,the rescuers could hear people
29、 screaming for help._ 3.The ambulance raced round the corner with its tyres(轮胎)screaming._二、根据所给汉语,用适当的词块完成下列句子。二、根据所给汉语,用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.She jumped to her feet,_(吓得尖叫).2.She saw the knife and _(发出一声尖叫).发出刺耳的声音发出刺耳的声音scream尖叫尖叫呼救呼救screaming in/with fear/terrorgave/let out a scream写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列
30、句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.A lamp was suspended from the ceiling._2.Production has been suspended while safety checks are carried out._ 3.Dave was suspended from school for a week._4.Julie was suspended from her job shortly after the incident._ 悬;挂;吊悬;挂;吊 暂停;中止暂停;中止 被停学被停学 被停职被停职suspend写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画
31、线部分的汉语释义。1.All applications must be submitted by Monday._2.Derek has agreed to submit to questioning._提交提交 接受询问接受询问 submit一、一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。1.Hell never get anywhere working for himself hes got noself-discipline._ 2.She keeps good discipline in class._ 3.Were looking for people f
32、rom a wide range of disciplines._二、二、将句子译成英语。将句子译成英语。我尽量约束自己每天进行写作。(discipline oneself to do sth)_自律自律纪律纪律学科学科disciplineI try to discipline myself to write every day.一、选出适当的单词,并用其正确形式填空一、选出适当的单词,并用其正确形式填空。1.Yesterday she _ her boyfriend to the party.2.Would you mind going to _ the kids from school?二、二、根据所给提示,将下列句子译成英语。根据所给提示,将下列句子译成英语。你去帮我把眼镜拿过来好吗?(fetch)_brought fetchCould you fetch me my glasses/fetch my glasses for me,please?bring,fetchfetch 谢谢谢谢观观赏赏