1、抚顺县高级中学抚顺县高级中学 肖娲肖娲必修一必修一 Unit 51.despite the many ups and downs in its history.despite prep.(=in spite of)即使；尽管即使；尽管 eg I still enjoyed the week despite the weather.不管天气如何，这一周我过得还是不管天气如何，这一周我过得还是 很愉快的。很愉快的。注意：注意：despite后跟名词和代词后跟名词和代词。although/though 尽管；虽然尽管；虽然，为连词，后为连词，后接句子，引导让步状语从句。接句子，引导让步状语从句。up
2、s and downs 浮沉；兴衰；荣辱浮沉；兴衰；荣辱eg I have my ups and downs.(翻译翻译)我历尽沧桑。我历尽沧桑。The way ahead is full of ups and downs,but that doesnt worry us.(翻译翻译)前进的道路是不平坦的，但是我们不前进的道路是不平坦的，但是我们不 怕。怕。2.At the beginning,written Chinese was a picture-based language.based adj.以以(某事某事)为基础的；以为基础的；以为为重要部分重要部分(或特征或特征)的的 base
3、vt.以以为据点；以为据点；以为基础，为基础，常用于常用于base sth.on/upon sth.或或 be based on/upon结构中。结构中。be based in.以以为为据点，把（总部等）设在据点，把（总部等）设在eg He based his ideas on/upon scientific experiments.This novel is based on/upon historical facts.They decided to base the organization in New York.base n.底部；根据底部；根据eg The base of the h
4、ouse is strong.3.It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu date back常和常和to搭配，意为搭配，意为“追溯追溯到到”，相当于，相当于date from。eg His family history dates back to the 1700s.(翻译翻译)他的家族历史可以追溯到他的家族历史可以追溯到18世纪。世纪。4.Over the years,the system developed into different forms,.,leading to many varieties of di
5、alects and characters.lead to,导致，通向导致，通向，后接名词或，后接名词或doing.All roads lead to Rome.His careless driving led to the accident.What he did led to his being punished.lead sb.to do sth.带领某人做某事；带领某人做某事；lead sb.to some place 带领某人去某地带领某人去某地leading adj.最重要的；领先的最重要的；领先的leader n.领导人领导人variety n.(植物、语言等的）变体、异体、品植
6、物、语言等的）变体、异体、品种；（同一事物的）不同种类种；（同一事物的）不同种类a variety of.各种各样的各种各样的；varieties of.各种各样的各种各样的various adj.各种各样的；各种不同的各种各样的；各种不同的vary v.变化；多变变化；多变 vary with.随着随着变化变化eg.They come from a variety of backgrounds.There are various ways of answering questions.His moods vary with the weather.5.Emperor Qinshihuang
7、united the seven major states into one major adj.主要的；重要的；大的主要的；重要的；大的eg All of her major plays have been translated into English.The major part of a little babys life is spent in sleeping.n.主修课程；主修学生主修课程；主修学生eg What is your major,English or French?vi.主修；专门研究，常与主修；专门研究，常与in连用连用eg Laura is majoring in
8、 physics.6.That writing system was of great importance.of+n.(抽象名词抽象名词)相当于相当于 形容词形容词 of importance=important of use=useful of value=valuable of help=helpful 7.Even today,no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak,they can all still communicate in writing.no matter(what/how/where/w
9、hen/whether)是一个引导让步状语从句的是一个引导让步状语从句的连词结构，意为连词结构，意为“无论（什么、怎样、哪无论（什么、怎样、哪里、何时、是否等）里、何时、是否等）”，可置于句首、，可置于句首、句中和句尾。句中和句尾。eg No matter how fast the rabbit ran,it could not escape the big grey wolf.(翻译翻译)无论这兔子跑多快，都无法逃过那大灰无论这兔子跑多快，都无法逃过那大灰 狼。狼。Any person,no matter who they are,must go through an identity ch
10、eck.(翻译翻译)任何人，无论是谁，都要接受身份检任何人，无论是谁，都要接受身份检 查。查。Ill leave anyway,no matter what you say.(翻译翻译)不管你说什么，我都要离开。不管你说什么，我都要离开。8.Written Chinese has also become an important means by which Chinas present is connected with its past.means n.方式；方法；途径；手段方式；方法；途径；手段by means of 借助借助手段；依靠手段；依靠方法方法by no means 绝不；一点
11、也不绝不；一点也不mean v.意味着；意思是；打算意味着；意思是；打算 adj.吝啬的；平均的吝啬的；平均的meaning n.意义；含义意义；含义meaningful adj.有意义的；有意义的；meaningless adj.无意义的无意义的9.The high regard for the Chinese wrting system can be seen.regard n.尊重；关注尊重；关注 vt.把把视为；看待视为；看待regard.as.把把看作看作eg.Give my regards to your patents.The road was built without reg
12、ard to the safety of residents.Cycling is regarded as one of the best forms of exercise.10.appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值增值 eg You cant really appreciate foreign literature in translation.(翻译翻译)We didnt appreciate that he was seriously ill.(翻译翻译)看翻译作品不能真正欣赏到外国文学看翻译作品不能真正欣赏到外国文学原著的美妙之处。原著
13、的美妙之处。我们没有意识到他的病情很严重。我们没有意识到他的病情很严重。Id appreciate it if you could turn the radio down.(翻译翻译)如果你把收音机的音量调低一些，我如果你把收音机的音量调低一些，我会不胜感激。会不胜感激。I appreciate you offering us such a good chance.(翻译翻译)我感激你为我们提供那么好的机会。我感激你为我们提供那么好的机会。识记：识记：I would appreciate it if you.如果你如果你我将不胜感激。我将不胜感激。appreciate doing sth.感激
14、做某事感激做某事 11.Scanning is looking at the text quickly to find specific information.specific adj.特定的；明确的；具体的特定的；明确的；具体的 eg Could you be more specific about what youre looking for?(翻译翻译)你在找什么，能再说的具体些吗？你在找什么，能再说的具体些吗？Education should not be limited to any one specific age group.(翻译翻译)教育不应该局限于任何一个特定的年教育不应
15、该局限于任何一个特定的年 龄段。龄段。1.In my opinion,my best friend changed my attitude _ life.2.Eating too much sugar can lead _ health problems.3.The study was based_data from 2,000 women.4.These data have been collected from _(variety)sources.totoonvarious5.She majored _ math and physics at university.6.The novel is regarded _ one of the excellent works.7.Wed appreciate your _(leave)as fast as possible.8.So far,every possible means _(try)to solve the problem.inasleavinghas been tried
