Unit4 Natural Disasters Reading and Thinking （ppt课件）-2024新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第一册 .rar

Reading and ThinkingDescribe a natural disasterWarm upWatch the video and discuss with your partner:What can happen to a city during a big earthquake?Buildingswereruined.Bridges,tunnels(隧道隧道)anddamscollapsed(坍塌坍塌).Roadsandrailwaysweredestroyedandtrafficwasheldup(受阻受阻).Water,gas,electricityandcommunicationwerecutoff.Buildings,roadsanddamscracked(开裂）开裂）.Peoplewereburied,injuredorkilled.Pre-readingLookatthetitleandthetwopicturesatthebottomofP50&51,guess:Whatmighthappenonthenight?Whatisthetextabout?THE NIGHT THE EARTH DIDNT SLEEPReadandcheck:Whatsthetextmainlyabout?Thenfindoutthetopicsentenceofeachparagraph.-ThepassageismainlyaboutaterribleearthquakeofTangshan.Note:The topic sentences may be the first,the middle or the last sentence of the paragraph.SkimmingStrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheasternHebei.Para.1At3:42,everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!Para.2Therewasnothingbutruinseverywhere.Para.3Buthopewasnotlost.Para.4Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.Para.5Warning signs before the big quakeThe rescue workThe revival of the cityThe happening of the big quakeThe effects of the big quakeSkimmingIn what order are the events organized?Main ideaTime orderIn what order is the text organized?later that afternoonsoon after the quakesFor several daysAt about 3:00 a.m.,on 28 July 1976 At 3:42 a.m.SkimmingPara.Mainidea1Warningsighsbeforetheearthquake.2Thehappeningofthebigearthquake.3Theimmediateeffectsoftheearthquake.4Therescuework.5Therevivalofthecity.Accordingtothetimeline,howmanypartscanthetextbedividedinto?3 PartsWarningsignsbeforetheearthquakeDamageduring theearthquakeRevivalaftertheearthquakeRead for details Topic sentences can tell us the main idea,but its details that can give us a clearer picture about whats happening.Now lets read it more carefully to find details of each period,and fill in the table.Part1 Warning signs before the earthquake Read for detailsTHENIGHTTHEEARTHDIDNTSLEEPTimeWhathappenedPeoplesreactionTheresultBeforetheearthquakeThewellwater:_Chickenandpigs:_Dogs:_Mice:_Fish:_wereseenintheskyandloudnoiseswereheard.Peoplewere6._asusual.refusedtogoinsidebuildings.ranoutofthefieldsBrightlightsasleepPeoplepaidnoattentiontothemanddidnothing.roseandfell,wellwallscrackedandsomesmellygascameout.weretoonervoustoeatjumpedoutofthewaterPart2 Damage during the earthquakeRead for detailsTimeWhathappenedPeoplesreactionTheresultDuringtheearthquakeEverythingbegantoshake.Alargecitylayin_.Another_shookTangshanagain.Peoplewere_,wonderinghowlongitwouldlast.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedtherewere_,thousandofchildrenwere_.ruinsbigquakeinshockdeadorinjuredleftwithoutparentsHowdoesthewritershowitwasadeadlyearthquakethatcausedgreatdamages?How do you feel when seeing these figures?Why are these data used?mtomakethearticlemorecredible(可信的可信的),moreimpressive,andthedamagedescribedmoreshocking.v of the nation felt the earthquake.v A huge crack that was kilometres long and metres wide cut across houses.vIn less than minute a large city lay in ruins.v of the people died or were injured during the earthquake.v The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than .vAll of the citys hospitals,_ of its factories and buildings and of its homes were gone.1/383012/3400,00075%90%18-Bygivingdata/figures-Bygivingdata/figuresPart3 Revival after the earthquakeRead for detailsTimeWhathappenedPeoplesreactionTheresultAftertheearthquake_weresenttodigoutandburypeople,_cametoprovidemedicalcareand_builtsheltersforsurvivors._werebroughtintothecitybytrain,truck,andplane.Slowly,thecitybeganto_again.Withstrongsupportfrom_andeffortsofpeople,anewTangshanwasbuiltuponthe_.Peoplewerehopefuland_.Peopleunifiedandusedtheir_torebuildanewTangshan.breatheruinspositivewisdomSoldiersdoctorsandnursesworkersLets watch a video to see what the new Tangshan is like.WaterandfoodthegovernmentThechangeofpeoplesfeelingignorantshockedhopelesshopefulbefore the earthquakeduring the earthquakeafter the earthquakewhen the rescue cameLanguage featuresApartfromtheexampleandfiguresgivenintext,whichsentencesimpressedyoumost?Why?What does the author mean by“Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt”?What does the author mean by“Slowly,the city began to breathe again”?What does the author mean by“Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet”?How do you understand the title?Do you think the title is a good one?If not,can you give another title to the text?In groups1.Lots of Examples are given when talking of warning signs,such as the water,cracks,chickens,pigs,dogs,;2.Lots of Data/Numbers are used when referring to the terrible effects,such as nearly one third of the whole nation,two thirds of the people,more than 400,000,about 75%,90%,tens of thousands of,;3.Use figure of speech(修辞格）:The night the earth didnt sleepHard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves,Slowly,the city began to breathe againTangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.metaphorsimilepersonificationpersonificationpersonificationWhats the meaning of this word?How do you know?Language featuresGuessingGuessGuesswhattheymeanfromthecontext.whattheymeanfromthecontext.brickruinbrickruin traptrapburybury brick(Para.3)Used to describe the buildings that have fallen.They are red like leaves,but also heavy,because the wind cannot move them.ruin(Para.2)This word describes the city straight after the earthquake.In a short time,a lot of damage was done,so it must describe a place that has been badly/completely destroyed.Use context to understand new words WhenyouSeeawordyoudonotknow,donotstopandlookitupinadictionary.Ifyoucontinuereading.thcontextwillprobablyhelpyouunderstandwhatitmeans.GuessGuesswhattheymeanfromthecontext.whattheymeanfromthecontext.brickruinbrickruin traptrapburybury Trap(Para.4)This verb is used to describe people who are not dead,but they need help to be dug out.So it must mean they cannot move because they are stuck somewhere.Bury(Para.4)This verb is used to describe what happens to the dead bodies.They are often put into the ground and covered.So that might be what this means.GuessingUse context to understand new words WhenyouSeeawordyoudonotknow,donotstopandlookitupinadictionary.Ifyoucontinuereading.thcontextwillprobablyhelpyouunderstandwhatitmeans.Text typeWhat type of text is it?Literaryjournalismusuallydescribesrealhistoricaleventsandrealcharacters.Theusageofthefiguresofspeechcanstimulatereadersfeelingsandthustouchthereaders.Text typeSimilarities and differences between a literary journalism(LJ)文学新闻 and a news report(NR)新闻报道?Similarities:time,place,damage,numbers,rescue work,Differences:NR:Greetings;Some expressions for NR only,like“Breaking news/Top news./More news about/Early reports said that”LJ:A much longer passage,with a vivid description of more details about people,emotions,surrounding,etc.Usage of figures of speech like personification,simile,metaphor,etc.After-readingIngroups,discussthefollowingquestions.1.WhathelpedtherevivalofTangshancity?2.Whatcanpeopledoinfaceofnaturaldisasters?After-readingWe should1.pay attention to some warning signs.2.learn how to protect ourselves during different disasters.3.unify and stay positive to rebuild for a brighter future.4.Respect and protect nature/the earth.5.R:Wherewereyouwhentheearthquakebegan?S:Iwas.R:Whatdidyouseeandhear?S:Iremembered.;Isaw.;Thecity.R:Howwasyourfeeling?S:Ifelt.;Illneverforget.Prepare a role-play(the reporter,the survivor,the rescue worker,etc.)to present an interview after an earthquake.R=reporter S=survivorRole playLanguage points1.Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.ruinn.破坏；破坏；毁毁坏坏be/lieinruins成为废墟成为废墟come/fallintoruin毁灭，灭亡；衰落亡；衰落ruinvt.毁坏，破坏，糟蹋；使破产（或失去地位等）毁坏，破坏，糟蹋；使破产（或失去地位等）ruinoneshealth/fame毁坏某人的健康坏某人的健康/名誉名誉ruinoneself自我毁灭自我毁灭【即学即练】【即学即练】1.He_throughdrinkingwhenhewasyoung.他年他年轻时喝酒喝酒毁了他的健康。了他的健康。2.Alargenumberofchurchesfell_ruinafterthebigflood.3.Sadly,thebuildingwasalmost_:firesburnedeverywhere.in ruinsruinedhishealthinto2.Peoplewereinshock.shockn.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊【词汇拓展】拓展】shockedadj.震惊的震惊的shockingadj.令人震惊的，令人震惊的，骇人听人听闻的的【知【知识归纳】inshock震惊；吃惊震惊；吃惊givesb.ashock使某人震惊使某人震惊toonesshock令某人震惊的是令某人震惊的是beshockedtodosth.做某事很震惊做某事很震惊beshockedat/by对对.感到震惊感到震惊【即学即【即学即练】(1)Iwas_(shock)tohearthathehadresigned.(2)_hisshock,hishousewasburnedwhenhearrivedhome.(3)Iwasshocked_thissuddenchangeintheirattitude.(4)Itis_(shock)thattheaccidentcausedfourdeathsandninepeopleinjured.shockedToatshockingPeople_thattheUFOwasflyingoverthecity.The_news_allthepeoplearound，whichwasalsoagreat_peoplealloverthecountry.人人们们十十分分吃吃惊惊地地发发现现不不明明飞飞行行物物在在这这座座城城市市的的上上空空飞飞行行，这这个个让让人人震震惊的消息震动了周围的人们，也使全国各地的人们感到震惊。惊的消息震动了周围的人们，也使全国各地的人们感到震惊。wereshockedtoseeshockingshockedshockto3.todigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburyburythedead.trapvt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套，使陷入困境 n.困境；陷阱 体会体会trap的用法和意义：的用法和意义：Whentravellingtheyweretrappedinthemountain,waitingtoberescued.Thepolicetrappedhimintotellingthetruth.Ifyouchoosethisway,yourelikelytofallintoatrap.betrappedin被困在被困在中；陷入中；陷入中中trapsb.into(doing)sth.诱使某人诱使某人(做做)某事某事fallintothetrap(ofdoingsth.)落入圈套落入圈套/陷阱陷阱Wesettrapsinthefieldforthemice.avoidthetrap(ofdoingsth.)落入圈套落入圈套/陷阱陷阱setatrapfor为为.设陷阱设陷阱4.buryvt.埋葬，安葬，掩埋；沉浸，使陷入，掩藏（感情、错误等）体会体会bury的用法和意义的用法和意义Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandwept.Sincehiswifeleft,hesburiedhimselfinhiswork.Hewasburiedinanovel,sohedidntnoticemecomein.Ifyoufindyourselfwantingtoburyyourfeelingsdeepinsideyou,dontdoit.Instead,expresstheminareasonableway.buryonesfaceinoneshands双手掩面双手掩面buryoneselfin.=beburiedin.专心致志于专心致志于.buryonesfeelings隐藏感情隐藏感情专心于：心于：Concentrate onFocus onBe absorbed in Devoted oneself to=be devoted toBe lost in 5.Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsof.effortn.(U)尽力尽力，艰难艰难的的尝试尝试；(U,C)努力努力，费力气的事，费力气的事【知【知识归纳】makeaneffort/effortstodosth.努力做某事努力做某事sparenoefforttodosth.不不遗余力地做某事余力地做某事inanefforttodosth.为了做某事为了做某事with/withouteffort费力地费力地/毫不费力地毫不费力地【即学即【即学即练练】(1)Wewillmake_(effort)toofferyouthebestservice.(2)Peopleshouldsparenoeffort_(protect)ourhometown.(3)Thecompanyhaslaidoff500workers_money.公司为节省资金遣散了公司为节省资金遣散了500名工人。名工人。(4)Itsalongclimbtothetop,butwellworththe_.effortstoprotectinanefforttosaveeffort6.suffervt.遭受,蒙受 vi.受苦，受折磨，常与from连用【词汇拓展】【词汇拓展】sufferern.患病者；受苦者；受难者sufferingn.(U)疼痛，折磨；（疼痛，折磨；（pl.)痛苦，苦恼 【知识归纳】sufferfrom受受.之苦，患之苦，患.病病sufferfromaseriousillness患重病患重病sufferpain/hardship遭受痛苦遭受痛苦/困苦困苦sufferadefeat/aloss/punishment失失败/损失失/惩罚惩罚【即学即练】【即学即练】1.Heis_severalmentaldisorder.他患有他患有严重的精神疾病。重的精神疾病。2.Theoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughvarietiesof_duringthewar.据说这位老人在战争期间经历了各种痛苦。3.(2017浙江浙江)AyoungEnglishteachersavedthelivesof30studentswhenhetookcontrolofabusafteritsdriver_(suffer)aseriousheartattack.suffering fromsufferedsufferingsasif在表在表语从句中相当于从句中相当于that=Itseemedthattheworldwasatanend!7.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!世界似乎到了末日世界似乎到了末日!asif引导表语从句引导表语从句as if 意为意为“似乎，好像似乎，好像”，可以引导表语从句和方式状从。其意义和用法，可以引导表语从句和方式状从。其意义和用法与与as though相同。相同。（1）引导表语从句，常置于系动词）引导表语从句，常置于系动词look,seem,sound,feel,smell等之等之后。后。Dark clouds are gathering.It seems as if it is going to rain.asif的的语气语气（2）as if/as though引导的从句的语气：引导的从句的语气：当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或者极有可能发生或是真实的或者极有可能发生或存在存在的事时，用陈述语气当说话人认为句子所陈述的是不真实或极不可能发真实或极不可能发生或存在生或存在的情况，用虚拟语气如果从句表示与如果从句表示与现在事在事实相反，相反，谓语动词用一般用一般过去去时(be动词用动词用were)。如果从句表示与如果从句表示与过去事去事实相反，相反，谓语动词用用“had过去分去分词”。如果从句表示与将来事如果从句表示与将来事实相反，相反，谓语动词用用“would/could/might/should动词原形原形”。【练一练】【练一练】1.从他的说话的样子来看他是醉了。从他的说话的样子来看他是醉了。Hetalksasifhe_drunk.真实语气真实语气4.他张开嘴好像要说什么。他张开嘴好像要说什么。Heopenedhismouthasifhe_something.is2.他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那儿似的。他说起罗马来好像他以前去过那儿似的。HetalksaboutRomeasifhe_therebefore.hadbeen3.你看上去好像并不在乎。你看上去好像并不在乎。Youlookasifyou_care.didntwouldsay虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气8.Mostbridgeshadfallenorwerenotsafetocross.大多数桥梁坍塌大多数桥梁坍塌或不能安全通行。或不能安全通行。“主主语+be+adj.(for sb.)+todo”句型的具体用法：句型的具体用法：（1）形容词多为表示主语的性质、特征的词。）形容词多为表示主语的性质、特征的词。常见的此类形容词常见的此类形容词有有easy,hard,difficult,safe,imteresting,heavy,plesant,good,nice,comfortable,impossible等等。（2）当不定式和句子主当不定式和句子主语构成构成逻辑上的上的动宾关系关系时，不定式多用主，不定式多用主动形式表示被形式表示被动含含义。The shirt is comfortable to wear and easy to wash.The book is very interesting to read.（3）当不定式中的当不定式中的动词为不及物不及物动词时，要在其后加上适当的介，要在其后加上适当的介词。Though small,the house is comfortable to live in.【练一练】【练一练】1.This machine is very easy _(operate）.Anybody can learn to use it in a few minutes.2.I often miss Jack,an old friend of mine,who everyone thinks is pleasant to get along _.3.Last week,I bought a bed which was comfortable to sleep _.to operatewithonThank you