1、第十二节第十二节 连词和状语从句连词和状语从句()1.“A white elephant”means something that is useless,_it may cost a lot of money.(2017广东省)A.unless B.until C.since D.although()2.The traffic policeman took away Jims drivers license_ he broke the traffic rules of drunk driving.（2016广东省）A.though B.because C.till D.and()3.I hav
2、e only two tickets for TFBoys concert._you _he can go on with me.(2015广东省)A.Either；or B.Neither；nor C.Both；and D.Not only；but also 真题试练真题试练DBA()4.Shall we go for a picnic in the forest park tomorrow?Yes,_ it rains heavily.(2014广东省)A.if B.unless C.until D.when()5.Think it over,_youll work out the mat
3、h problem.(2013广东省)A.or B.so C.for D.and BD 用来连接词、短语、从句或句子的词叫连词。连词在句中不能单独使用。连词可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词5年2考，从属连词5年3考。一、并列连词：用来连接具有并列关系的词、短语或一、并列连词：用来连接具有并列关系的词、短语或句子的连词。句子的连词。表示并列关系：and,both and,not only but also,neither nor；表示选择关系：or,either or,not but；表示转折关系：but,while(而)；表示因果关系:for,so,because考点解读考点解读连词连
4、词用法用法例子例子1and（1）一般用于肯定句,连接并列成分（2）特别用法：祈使句+and=If you,youll 他做事快而且仔细。He works quickly_ carefully.动动脑筋,你就会想出办法来。Use your head,_youll find a way.=If you use your head,youll find a way.2or（1）用于否定句中,连接并列成分（2）用于疑问句中,表示选择（3）特别用法：祈使句+or=If you dont,youll(or在祈使句中译为“要不然;否则”,有转折的意思)他从不吸烟,也不喝酒。He never smokes_d
5、rinks.你喝茶还是喝咖啡？Would you like tea_coffee?小心，否则你会打碎那个花瓶！Be careful,_youll break that vase.=If you dont be careful,youll break that vase.3butbut作连词,表示转折while也可以表示转折，表示所连接的两部分形成对照关系（1）我喜欢给朋友写信,但太费时间。I like to write to my friends,_it takes too much time.（2）李明懒惰而他的兄弟勤奋。Li Ming is lazy _his brother is har
6、d-working.andandorororbutwhile二、从属连词：用来引导从句的连词。二、从属连词：用来引导从句的连词。用法用法连词连词例子例子1引导宾语从句的连词(1)that(2)if/whether(是否)(3)特殊疑问词He said_he would come to see me.I asked him_he could come to the party or not.I dont know _he is late for class again.2引导状语从句的连词(1)条件状语从句：if(如果),unless（除非）(2)原因状语从句：because,since(既然)
7、,as（因为,由于）(3)时间状语从句：when,while,as（一边一边）,until/till,as soon as（一就）,before,after,since(自从以来)(4)让步状语从句：though/although,evenif/though,no matter who/whoever(5)结果状语从句：so,so/such that(6)目的状语从句：so that/in order that _it rains tomorrow,we will stay at home.He didnt go to the meeting _he was ill._everyone is
8、here,lets begin.I was doing my homework _the light went off.My mother was doing housework _my father was watching TV.He wont leave _I come back.The book has been popular with children_ it came out._he is young,he knows a lot._you go,I follow you.He hurt his leg,_he couldnt play in the game.The film
9、is _good_I have seen it twice.He got up early this morning_he could catch the first bus.that;/whetherwhyIf becauseSince whenwhileuntil/tilsinceAlthough/ThoughNo matter where/WhereverSo sothatso that/in order that三、状语从句三、状语从句 状语从句是句子的状语由一个从句充当,来修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等。状语从句由从属连词引导,与主句连接,放在主句后面时,一般不在前面加逗号。状语从
10、句根据其表示的意思可分为时间、条件、原因、比较、结果、目的等种类。种类种类引导词引导词例句例句时间状语从句when,as,while,after,before,since,until,as soon as,once1.我一到达那里就打电话给你。I will call you_.2.那女孩直到看到妈妈才不哭。The girl_she saw her mom.3.我叔叔进来的时候我正在看电视。I was watchingTV_.4.当玛丽在写信的时候，孩子们在外面玩。_,the children were playing outside.as soon as I get theredidnt st
11、op crying untilwhen my uncle came inWhile/When Mary was writing a letter种类种类引导词引导词例句例句条件状语从句if,unless(从句用一般现在时表将来,即“主将从现”)5.You will fail unless you study hard.如果明天不下雨，我们将会继续去旅行。_,well go on a trip.原因状语从句because,since,as（不能与so 连用）6.我不喜欢那件外套。因为它的颜色太难看了。I dont like that coat_.(续表续表)If it doesnt rainBe
12、cause its color is very terrible种类种类引导词引导词例句例句比较状语从句than,as as 7.这本书和那本一样有趣。This book is_that one.8.他比我大3岁。He is_me.结果状语从句so+adj./adv.+thatsuch+n.+thatso+many/much/little/few+n.(so much,so many,so little,so few等为固定搭配)9.他讲得太快了,我跟不上。He spoke_I couldnt follow him.10.他讲的故事很好笑,我们都笑了。He told us _we all la
13、ughed.11.乔伊有太多作业要做,没时间看电视。Joe has_she has no time to watch TV.(续表续表)as interesting asthree years older thanso fast thatsuch funny stories thatso much homework to do that种种类类引导词引导词例句例句目的状语从句so that,in order that12.你必须提高音量以便大家都能听清楚。You must raise your voice_ everybody can hear you clearly.让步状语从句though
14、,although,even though/if（不能与but 连用），no matter 13.虽然下雨,但我们过得很开心。_,we had a good time.(续表续表)so that/in order thatAlthough/Though it rained 一、连接两个句子只能用一个连词。一、连接两个句子只能用一个连词。1.but和although,though不能在一起连用。如：外面虽然下着大雨,但是他们还是在继续工作。It was raining hard,_they went on working.=_it was raining hard,they went on wo
15、rking.2.because和so不能同时出现在同一个句子里。如：因为他昨晚很晚才睡觉,所以他今天很困。He is very sleepy today _he went to bed very late last night.=He went to bed very late last night,_he is very sleepy today.易错点突破易错点突破butAlthough/Thoughbecauseso 二、连词连接两个并列主语时要注意以下几个问题。二、连词连接两个并列主语时要注意以下几个问题。1.and和“both and”连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数。如：(1)我和他
16、是三班的学生。He and I _the students in Class Three.(2)我和他都是三班的学生。Both he and I_the students in Class Three.2.“not only but also”连接两个主语时,谓语动词的 数与邻近的主语保持一致（就近原则）。如：不仅比尔想在中国再待一年,他父母也是这么想的。Not only Bill but also his parents_to stay in China for another year.arearewant3.as well as连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数与前面的一个主语保持一致（就远原
17、则）。如：(1)这位老师和学生们正在图书馆看书。The teacher as well as the students_reading in the library.(2)学生们和这位老师正在图书馆看书。The students as well as the teacher_reading in the library.4.表示选择关系的连词or和“either or”“neither nor”连接两个主语时,谓语动词的人称和数与邻近的主语保持一致（就近原则）。如：(1)他或者他的哥哥今天下午会来这里。He or his brothers_coming here this afternoon.
18、(2)不是你就是他错了。Either you or he_wrong.(3)你和我今晚都不打算看电视。Neither you nor I_going to watch TV tonight.isareareisam 三、使用and和or时要注意以下几点。1.一般情况下,否定句中的and 要变为or。如：那个女孩既不会唱歌也不会跳舞。The girl cant sing_dance.2.连接的两个部分都有否定词,应使用and连接。如：大部分人认为月球上没有水和空气。Most people think there is no water_no air on the moon.3.不能把一些固定搭配
19、中的and变为or。如：I dont like fish and chips.我不喜欢炸鱼薯条。orand4.并列句一般不能仅用逗号隔开,还需用相应的连词连接。如：他回家更早了，他的妈妈很高兴见到他。He went home earlier,his mother felt pleased to see him.（误）He went home earlier,_his mother felt pleased to see him.（正）5.并列连词一般连接平行的两个部分。如：他今天早上起得更早了，并穿了黑色的衣服。He got up earlier this morning_dressed hi
20、mself in black.andand 四、四、if表示表示“如果如果”和和“是否是否”的用法。的用法。1.在if引导的条件状语从句中,当主句是一般将来时,从句应用一般现在时表示一般将来时。如：如果明天不下雨,我们就去公园。If it _tomorrow,well go to the park.2.if表示“是否”时,if或whether引导的是宾语从句 （当从句中含有or not时,常用whether）,宾语从句 的时态由句意决定。如：我不知道他明天是否会来。I dont know if/whether he_tomorrow.doesnt rainwill come 五、“so that”可以与“too to”或 “enough to”句型相互转换。如：1.他太老了,不能工作。He is_old_ he cant work.=He is _old_work.=He is not young _ _work.2.他很强壮,可以搬起那个沉重的箱子。He is_strong_he can carry the heavy box.=He is strong_ _carry the heavy box.so that too to enough to so that enough to
