1、Unit4 Earthquake Grammar 带定语从句的谚语：1.God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助之。2.He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。3.He who doesnt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。1.定义定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句2.先行词先行词：被定语修饰的名词被定语修饰的名词,代词或整句话代词或整句话关系代词、关系副词关系代词、关系副词：3.引导定语从句的词引导定语从句的词关
2、系代词：关系代词：关系副词：关系副词：when,where,why等等who,whom,whose,which,that,as等等定语从句的相关概念定语从句的相关概念There was an earthquake which happenedin Tangshan in 1976.定语从句定语从句：修饰名词和代词的从句修饰名词和代词的从句This is the best film that I have seen.定语从句the best film 先行词that关系词定语从句的位置定语从句的位置定语从句一定放在被修饰成分之后。定语从句一定放在被修饰成分之后。e.g.This is the c
3、ar which he bought last year.先行词先行词定语从句定语从句Do you know the man?He spoke just now.Do you know the man who spoke just now?This is the best film that I have seen.关系词关系词引导定语从句引导定语从句代替先行词代替先行词在从句中担当一个成分在从句中担当一个成分关系词的作用关系词的作用1）2）3）关系代词关系代词that 指代先行词指代先行词the best film,在定语从在定语从句中作句中作 seen 的宾语。的宾语。关系代词的用法关系代
4、词的用法关系代词在从句中可以：关系代词在从句中可以：指人指人指物指物subject(主语主语)object(宾语宾语)attribute（定语）（定语）whomwhowhichthatwhose何时可以省略？何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略做宾语时可以省略看图连句看图连句The man _ is Liuxiang.who ran fastestLiuxiang is the man _.who ran fastestChangzhou is a cityChangzhou is a city _ _ _._.Changzhou a citydevelop fast which/that deve
5、lops fastWhich house is mineWhich house is mine?房顶是棕色的房子是我的。The house _ is mine.whose roof is brownMy houseBeckham is a football player.He is handsome.Beckham is a football player,_.who is handsomeBeckham,_,is a football player.who is handsome合并句子。1.I have a friend.He likes listening to classical mu
6、sic.I have a friend who likes listening to classical music.2.Last week Mary wore the dress.I gave it to her.Last week Mary wore the dress that I gave to her.3.The girl is from America.Her father is a Chinese.The girl whose father is a Chinese is from America.4.Who is the man?He is drawing a picture
7、over there.Who is the man that is drawing a picture over there?5.My grandparents live in a house.It is more than 100 years old.My grandparents live in a house that is more than 100 years old.拆分句子。1.He bought a house last week whose window is made of wood.He bought a house last week.Its window is mad
8、e of wood.2.Those people who bring us happiness should be loved.Those people should be loved.They bring us happiness.3.All the apples that fall are eaten by wild bears.All the apples are eaten by wild bears.They fall.4.I dont know the girl that you speak to.I dont know the girl.You speak to her.用适当的
9、关系代词填空。1.The building _ wall is white is my uncles house.2.I know the boy _ you are looking for.3.Will you please lend me the very book _ you bought yesterday?4.The student _ the teacher praised at the class meeting is our monitor.5.The season _ comes after spring is summer.whosewhothatwhothat6.This
10、 is the museum _ we visited last Saturday.7.The boy with _ John spoke is my brother.8.The girl _ leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to the hospital immediately.9._ is mentioned above,the number of the students in senior schools in increasing.10.Dont read such books _ you cant understand.that
11、whomwhoseAsas1.The man _came to our school is Mr.Wang.2.The girl _ I met is Lucy.3.A child _parents are dead is called Tom.4.I like the book _ you bought yesterday.5.We shall never forget the days _we spent together.6.I like the person _you just talked.7.I have a room _window faces south.who,thatwho
12、m,that,who,/whosethat,which,/that,which,/to whomwhose用定语从句翻译下列句子。1.这是Green先生，他有两个女儿在上大学。This is Mr.Green whose two daughters arestudying in universities.2.不努力学习的学生不会通过考试的。The students who dont study hard wont pass theexam.3.她上周买的房子非常好看。The house she bought last week is very beautiful.4.你们已经取得了很大的进步，
13、这使老师非常高兴。You have made great progress,which made the teacher very happy.5.众所周知，他是一个好学生。As we all know,he is a good student.6.北京是中国的首都，它是一座美丽的城市。Beijing which is a beautiful city is the capital of China.7.鲁迅的原名是周树人。在他的一生中他写了很多小说和散文。Luxun whose real name was Zhou Shuren wrote a lot of novels and prose
14、s in his life time.Li Ming 是我们班的同学。今年17岁。他个子不高留着短发。他父母都是医生，在丰润医生工作。他家离学校不远。他学习很努力所以老师和学生们都很喜欢他。他经常帮助家里很穷的学生。大家都很尊敬他。上大学是他的理想之一。Li Ming,who is 17 years old,is our classmate.Hes not tall with short hair.His parents are both doctors,who work in Fengrun hospital.And his home is not far from school.He st
15、udies so hard that the teachers and the students like him very much.He often helps those students whose families are very poor,so that we all respect him.Going to university is one of his dreams.一、一、that和和which用法的区别用法的区别(1)先行词为先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much 等不定代词时。等不定代词时。I
16、 am sure she has something _ you can borrow.(2)先行词被先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等等 修饰时。修饰时。Ive read all the books _ you lend me.1、只能用、只能用that不用不用which的情况的情况(that)thatDo you have anything _ you dont understand?(that)Please send us any information _ you have about the subject.that(3)先行词被先行词被序数
17、词序数词或或最高级最高级修饰时。修饰时。This is the first book _ he has read.(that)It is the most beautiful city _ Ive ever seen.that(4)先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰修饰时。时。This is the very book _ belongs to him.thatHe is the only person _ was present at the time.that(6)先行词是先行词是who或或which引导的主句。引导的主句。Who i
18、s the girl _ drove the car?(7)主句以主句以there be 引导时。引导时。There are more than 400,000 people _ died or were injured in the earthquake.(5)先行词先行词既有人又有物既有人又有物时。时。The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast are popular to the students.thatthatthat(1)关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语介词作宾语（介词提前）。（介
19、词提前）。There are many trees _ they can have a rest.This is the ring _ she spent 1000 dollars.2、只用、只用which不用不用that的情况的情况(2)在非限制性定语从句中。在非限制性定语从句中。Football,_ is a very popular game,is played all over the world.under whichon whichwhich二、只用二、只用who的情况的情况One _ has nothing to fear dares to tell the truth.The
20、ones _ laugh at the disabled are not good students.Anyone _ fails to finish the task should be punished.Those _ want to go to The Great Wall sigh up here.whowhowhowho先行词是先行词是one,ones,anyone,those时用时用who.3.表所有关系及整体中的一部分或全部时，用介表所有关系及整体中的一部分或全部时，用介词词of,有时可用有时可用whose转换。转换。1)Im painting a house,the roof
21、_ isround.Im painting a house _ is round.2)They live in a house,_ windows facesouth.They live in a house,the windows_ face south.of whichwhoseof whichwhose roofExercises:1.All _ is useful to us is good.A.which B.what C.that D.whether2.She will never forget the days _ she spent in Beijing.A.when B.wh
22、at C.which D.why3.The man _ you are talking about is in the next room.A.to whom B.whom C.who D.which4.The text is one of the most interesting stories _ learned in the past three years.A.that have B.that have been C.which has D.which has been5.The college wont take on anyone _ eyesight is weak.A.who
23、B.whose C.of whom D.which6.Here is the bicycle _ in the shop.A.that you saw it B.that saw it C.you saw D.you saw it7.Those _ to take part in the game write down your names,please.A.who B.who want C.that wants D want8.I,_ your good friend,will try my best to help you out.A.who is B.what is C.what am
24、D.who amMake a report about the typhoon:(using attributive clauses)typhoonattack Huzhouon Oct.7thfor a long timestrong wind and heavy raincause damage5 million peoplego throughtrapped or injuredbuildingsflood and mud-rock flow4.5 billion moneyrescue,helpon one was killedMake a report about the typho
25、on:(using attributive clauses)There was a typhoon _ attacked Huzhou on Oct.7th this year.It was a strong typhoon _ stayed in Zhejiang for a long time.It brought strong wind and heavy rain,_ caused a lot of damage.More than 5 million people went through the typhoon,among _ many people were trapped or
26、 injured.Many buildings fell down.It caused flood and mud-rock flow in many places,_ resulted in a loss of more than 4.5 billion money.Teams were organized to rescue those _ were trapped and help was given to those _ suffered from the typhoon.Luckily,it was reported that no one was killed.thatthat/whichwhichwhomwhichwhowho
