1、第五讲八年级第五讲八年级(上上)Units 12类别类别新课标要求新课标要求重重点点词词汇汇拓拓展展1.hardlyadj.1.hardlyadj.困难的困难的 hardadvhardadv.努力地努力地 hardhard2 2activenactiven.活动活动 activityvactivityv.行动行动 actnactn.行动行动 actionaction3 3healthadjhealthadj.健康的健康的 healthyadvhealthyadv.健康地健康地 healthily(healthily(反义词反义词)adj.)adj.不健康的不健康的 unhealthyunhea
2、lthy4 4differentndifferentn.不同；差异；区别不同；差异；区别 differenceadvdifferenceadv.不同地不同地 differentlydifferently5 5although(although(同义词同义词)conj.)conj.虽然；即使虽然；即使 thoughthough6 6tooth(pltooth(pl.)teeth.)teeth7 7illnessadjillnessadj.生病的生病的 illill8 8traditionalntraditionaln.传统传统 traditiontradition9 9balanceadjbal
3、anceadj.平衡的；均衡的平衡的；均衡的 balancedbalanced1010angryadvangryadv.生气地生气地 angrilyangrily1111westernnwesternn.西方西方 westwest1212importantnimportantn.重要重要 importanceimportance 重重点点短短语语记记忆忆1.how often 1.how often 多久一次多久一次2 2as for as for 至于；关于至于；关于3 3be good for be good for 对对有益有益4 4of course of course 当然；自然当然
4、；自然5 5look after look after 照顾；照看照顾；照看6 6the same as the same as 与与一样一样7 7a lot of a lot of 大量；许多大量；许多8 8have a cold have a cold 受凉；感冒受凉；感冒9 9(be)stressed out(be)stressed out 有压力的；紧张的有压力的；紧张的 1010a few a few 有些；几个；少数有些；几个；少数1111at the moment at the moment 此时；现在此时；现在 重重点点句句型型整整理理1.What do you usually
5、 do on weekends?1.What do you usually do on weekends?2 2How often does Cheng watch TV?How often does Cheng watch TV?He watches TV twice a week.He watches TV twice a week.3 3How many hours do you sleep every night?How many hours do you sleep every night?4 4Whats the matterWhats the matter？I have a so
6、re throat.I have a sore throat.5 5You should drink some hot tea with honey.You should drink some hot tea with honey.1 1HowHow_ _oftenoften do you do you exerciseexercise？你多久锻炼一次？你多久锻炼一次？(Unit 1)(Unit 1)(1)how often“(1)how often“多久一次多久一次”，用于提问动作发生的频率，答语是频度副词或，用于提问动作发生的频率，答语是频度副词或短语，如短语，如nevernever，so
7、metimessometimes，once a year once a year 等。如：等。如：How often do you have a sports meeting?How often do you have a sports meeting?你们多久开一次运动会？你们多久开一次运动会？Twice a year.Twice a year.一年两次。一年两次。【拓展拓展】常见的与常见的与howhow连用的短语：连用的短语：短语短语含义含义提问内容提问内容how often多久一次多久一次频率频率(如：如：sometimes；once a week)how long多长多长多久多久物体长
8、度物体长度(如：如：20 metres long)时间段时间段(如：如：since 1990；for 2 weeks)how soon多久之后多久之后in时间段时间段(如：如：in 3 days)how far多远多远距离距离(如：如：10 minutes walk)how many多少多少可数名词的量可数名词的量(如：如：books)how much多少多少不可数名词的量不可数名词的量(如：如：water)物品价格物品价格(2)exercise(2)exercise此处作动词，意为此处作动词，意为“锻炼锻炼”，也可作名词，作，也可作名词，作“锻炼；锻炼；运动运动”讲时为不可数名词；作讲时为不
9、可数名词；作“练习题；体操练习题；体操”讲时为可数名词。常见短讲时为可数名词。常见短语：语：take/do exercise take/do exercise 锻炼；运动；锻炼；运动；do morning/eye exercisesdo morning/eye exercises做早操做早操/眼保健操；眼保健操；do some exercisesdo some exercises做习题。做习题。2 2I I hardlyhardly_ _everever exercise.exercise.我几乎不曾锻炼过。我几乎不曾锻炼过。(Unit 1)(Unit 1)hardly hardly adva
10、dv.意为意为“几乎不；几乎没有几乎不；几乎没有”，为不含有，为不含有notnot的否定词，相的否定词，相当于当于almost notalmost not。常用短语。常用短语hardly ever hardly ever 意为意为“几乎不曾几乎不曾”。hardly hardly 经经常出现在反意疑问句中，附加句用肯定形式。如：常出现在反意疑问句中，附加句用肯定形式。如：There is hardly any water in the bottleThere is hardly any water in the bottle，is there?is there?瓶子里几乎没有水，是吗？瓶子里几乎
11、没有水，是吗？hardly hardly 不是不是hard hard 的副词形式，的副词形式，hard hard 可作形容词或副词，作形容词可作形容词或副词，作形容词时意为时意为“困难的，难的，硬的困难的，难的，硬的”；作副词时意为；作副词时意为“努力地，猛烈地努力地，猛烈地”。3 3So So maybemaybe Im not very healthy Im not very healthy，althoughalthough I have one I have one healthy habit.healthy habit.我可能有点不健康，尽管我有一个健康的习惯。我可能有点不健康，尽管我
12、有一个健康的习惯。(Unit 1)(Unit 1)(1)maybe(1)maybe advadv.“.“可能；也许可能；也许”，常用于句首，也可用于谓语动词前，常用于句首，也可用于谓语动词前，与与perhapsperhaps近义。近义。【辨析辨析】maybe maybe与与may bemay bemaybemaybe是副词，意为是副词，意为“也许；可能也许；可能”，在句中作状语，相当于，在句中作状语，相当于perhapsperhaps，常用于句首，一定不能作谓语动词。，常用于句首，一定不能作谓语动词。may bemay be是是“情态动词动词原形情态动词动词原形”，两者共同构成完整的谓语动词，
13、两者共同构成完整的谓语动词，意为意为“可能是；也许是可能是；也许是”，在句中只能作谓语，可表示一种肯定的推测。，在句中只能作谓语，可表示一种肯定的推测。如：如：Maybe you are right.Maybe you are right.You may be right.You may be right.也许你是对的。也许你是对的。(2)although(2)although conjconj.意为意为“虽然虽然”，与，与thoughthough同义，二者可以互换。同义，二者可以互换。但但althoughalthough比比thoughthough正式。二者用来引导让步状语从句。如：正式。二
14、者用来引导让步状语从句。如：Although he is very richAlthough he is very rich，he is unhappy.he is unhappy.尽管他非常富有，但他并不快乐。尽管他非常富有，但他并不快乐。although although 和和thoughthough均不能和连词均不能和连词butbut连用，但可以和副词连用，但可以和副词yetyet或或stillstill连用。连用。4 4Whats the Whats the mattermatter？(你你)怎么了？怎么了？(Unit 2)(Unit 2)matter matter n n意为意为“毛
15、病；麻烦事毛病；麻烦事”，前面通常要有定冠词，前面通常要有定冠词thethe。Whats the matterWhats the matter？是？是Whats the matter with.Whats the matter with.？的省略。该句常用？的省略。该句常用来询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦，以表达关切之意。如：来询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦，以表达关切之意。如：Whats the matter with youWhats the matter with you？你怎么了？你怎么了？I have a cold.I have a cold.我感冒了。我感冒了。【拓展拓
16、展】表达这一意义的其他常用口语表达还有：表达这一意义的其他常用口语表达还有：Whats wrongWhats wrong？怎么了？怎么了？Whats upWhats up？出了什么事？出了什么事？Whats the troubleWhats the trouble？有什么麻烦事？有什么麻烦事？5 5ItsIts_ _easyeasy_ _toto_ _havehave a healthy lifestyle a healthy lifestyle，and and itsits_ _importantimportant_ _toto_ _eateat a balanced diet.a bala
17、nced diet.有一个健康的生活方式并不有一个健康的生活方式并不难，重要的是均衡的饮食。难，重要的是均衡的饮食。(Unit 2)(Unit 2)本句使用固定句式本句使用固定句式It is/was It is/was adjadj.to do to do sthsth.。it it 是形式主是形式主语，放在句首，动词不定式作真正主语，放在句末。为了避免头重脚轻，语，放在句首，动词不定式作真正主语，放在句末。为了避免头重脚轻，将真正主语放在后面。如：将真正主语放在后面。如：Its not good to complain too much.Its not good to complain to
18、o much.抱怨太多是不好的。抱怨太多是不好的。动词不定式复合结构作真正主语时，介词动词不定式复合结构作真正主语时，介词for for 后面的宾语可以看作是后面的宾语可以看作是后面动词不定式的逻辑主语。如：后面动词不定式的逻辑主语。如：Its very important for us to learn English well.Its very important for us to learn English well.对我们来说学好英语是很重要的。对我们来说学好英语是很重要的。6 6I study late every nightI study late every night，som
19、etimes sometimes untiluntil 2 am.2 am.每天晚上我学习到很晚，有时直到凌晨两点每天晚上我学习到很晚，有时直到凌晨两点(Unit 2)(Unit 2)until until prepprep.&.&conjconj.意为意为“直到直到之时；在之时；在之前之前”(”(till)till)。如：如：He will stay here until/till Saturday.He will stay here until/till Saturday.他将在这儿逗留到星期六。他将在这儿逗留到星期六。【拓展拓展】短语短语 not.until not.until 意为意为
20、“直到直到才才”。如：。如：She didnt go to bed until she finished her homework.She didnt go to bed until she finished her homework.直到完成作业她才睡觉。直到完成作业她才睡觉。until until conjconj.用在肯定句中，常与延续性动词连用；用在否定用在肯定句中，常与延续性动词连用；用在否定句中，常与瞬间性动词连用。引导时间状语从句时，要特别注意主从句时句中，常与瞬间性动词连用。引导时间状语从句时，要特别注意主从句时态问题，即当主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时；当主句是过去时，
21、态问题，即当主句是一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时；当主句是过去时，从句要用过去的某种时态，这样的连词还有从句要用过去的某种时态，这样的连词还有whenwhen，as soon asas soon as，if if 等。等。7 7ImIm_ _sorrysorry_ _toto_ _hearhear_ _thatthat youre not feeling well.youre not feeling well.听说你不舒服，我很同情。听说你不舒服，我很同情。(Unit 2)(Unit 2)(1)(1)句中句中thatthat引导的是宾语从句。引导的是宾语从句。(2)(2)当听到不幸的消息或不高
22、兴的事情时可用当听到不幸的消息或不高兴的事情时可用“Im sorry to hear that.”“Im sorry to hear that.”表示同情或安慰。表示同情或安慰。【拓展拓展】感觉遗憾之事可用感觉遗憾之事可用“What a pity“What a pity！(真遗憾！真遗憾！)”)”安慰对安慰对方。方。对方若要远行或度假，可用对方若要远行或度假，可用“Have a good trip/time.(“Have a good trip/time.(祝旅途愉祝旅途愉快快/祝玩得开心。祝玩得开心。)”)”表示祝福。表示祝福。对方若要参加考试或比赛，可用对方若要参加考试或比赛，可用“Goo
23、d“Good luck(toluck(to you)you)(祝你好祝你好运。运。)”)”表示祝福。表示祝福。对方取得好成绩或有可贺之事，可用对方取得好成绩或有可贺之事，可用“Congratulations to you“Congratulations to you！(祝贺你！祝贺你！)”)”表示祝贺。表示祝贺。八年级上八年级上(12单元单元)(训练时间：训练时间：60分钟分值：分钟分值：100分分)基础过关知识基础过关知识一、根据所给的汉语提示和句意写出单词一、根据所给的汉语提示和句意写出单词(4(4分分)1 1I _(I _(几乎不几乎不)know herweve only met onc
24、e.)know herweve only met once.2 2It was quite It was quite _(和和不同不同)from what I)from what I expected.expected.3 3She seemed a baby She seemed a baby _(尽管尽管)she was already)she was already thirty.thirty.4 4I I _(喝喝)a glass of milk every morning.)a glass of milk every morning.5 5Do you know how to dea
25、l with this Do you know how to deal with this _(问题问题)?)?6 6His legs felt _(His legs felt _(无力无力)after the illness.)after the illness.hardlydifferentalthoughdrinkproblemweak7 7I dont I dont _(相信相信)this kind of flower to grow here.)this kind of flower to grow here.8 8My father was very My father was v
26、ery _(生气生气)when I broke the window.)when I broke the window.二、根据句意及首字母提示完成单词二、根据句意及首字母提示完成单词(10(10分分)1 1Im Im t_.Pleaset_.Please give me a glass of water.give me a glass of water.2 2If you have a c_If you have a c_，you should see a doctor at once.you should see a doctor at once.3 3My father has a h_
27、My father has a h_，he likes taking a walk after he likes taking a walk after supper.supper.4 4Do you know the r_ of my English exam?Do you know the r_ of my English exam?5 5You should k_ your room clean.You should k_ your room clean.6 6The city is d_ from that one.The city is d_ from that one.believ
28、eangryhirstyoldabitesulteepifferent7 7The boy watches TV t_ a week.The boy watches TV t_ a week.8 8I was at home at that m_.I was at home at that m_.9 9Did you have a f_ when you had a cold?Did you have a f_ when you had a cold?1010I listened but h_ nothing.I listened but h_ nothing.三、根据汉语提示完成句子三、根据
29、汉语提示完成句子(16(16分分)1 1就我来说，我是不喜欢喝茶的。就我来说，我是不喜欢喝茶的。_ me,I dont care for tea._ me,I dont care for tea.2 2一小时有几分钟？一小时有几分钟？_ minutes are there in an hour?_ minutes are there in an hour?3 3如果你想身体健康，你最好均衡饮食。如果你想身体健康，你最好均衡饮食。wiceomentevereardAs forHow manyIf you want to _If you want to _ _,you had better eat
30、 a _,you had better eat a balanced diet.balanced diet.4 4她现在一定在电视演播室。她现在一定在电视演播室。She must be in the television studio _She must be in the television studio _ _._.5 5昨天晚上直到做完作业他才去睡觉。昨天晚上直到做完作业他才去睡觉。He _ go to bed _ he finished his homework last He _ go to bed _ he finished his homework last night.nig
31、ht.6 6考试前，他在欧洲旅游了几个月。考试前，他在欧洲旅游了几个月。He spent _ months traveling about Europe before his He spent _ months traveling about Europe before his exams.exams.stay/keep healthyat the momentdidntuntila few7 7你最好一天三次吃这种药。你最好一天三次吃这种药。You had better take the medicine _You had better take the medicine _ _ _._.8
32、 8你的哥哥怎么了？你的哥哥怎么了？_ _ _ _ _?_ _ _ _ _?综合能力提高综合能力提高一、单项选择一、单项选择(10(10分分)1 1(2011(2011安顺安顺)_ is“CHINA NEWS”shown on CCTV4?)_ is“CHINA NEWS”shown on CCTV4?Every day.Every day.A AHow often BHow often BHow many timesHow many timesC CHow long DHow long DHow soonHow soonthree times a dayWhats wrong with yo
33、ur brother【解析解析】词组辨析。词组辨析。how oftenhow often意为意为“多久一次多久一次”；how many timeshow many times意为意为“多少次多少次”；how longhow long意为意为“多长时间多长时间”；how soonhow soon意为意为“多久以多久以后后”；根据题意，；根据题意，“在中央电视台在中央电视台4 4频道多久播放一频道多久播放一次？次？”“”“每天都播放。每天都播放。”考查的是频率。故选考查的是频率。故选A A。【答案答案】A A2 2You are so busy.What do you want me _ for
34、you?You are so busy.What do you want me _ for you?A Ado Bdo Bdone Cdone Cto do Dto do Ddoingdoing【解析解析】考查动词不定式的用法。考查动词不定式的用法。want want sb.tosb.to do do sthsth.意为意为“想要某想要某人干某事人干某事”，故选，故选C C。【答案答案】C C3 3_？Nothing serious,but a bit tired.Nothing serious,but a bit tired.Better have a rest now,dear.Bette
35、r have a rest now,dear.A AIs that allIs that allB BIs there anything elseIs there anything elseC CWhats thisWhats thisD DWhats the matter with youWhats the matter with you【解析解析】考查情景交际。句意为考查情景交际。句意为“你怎么了？你怎么了？”“”“不要紧，有一点不要紧，有一点累。累。”“”“亲爱的，你现在最好休息一会儿。亲爱的，你现在最好休息一会儿。”故选故选D D。【答案答案】D D4 4Emma has been i
36、ll for a week.Is she all right now?Emma has been ill for a week.Is she all right now?_.The teacher says she can come to school tomorrow._.The teacher says she can come to school tomorrow.A AI think so BI think so BThats itThats itC CIm afraid not DIm afraid not DThats trueThats true【解析解析】考查情景交际。句意为考
37、查情景交际。句意为“艾玛病了一周了，她康复了艾玛病了一周了，她康复了吗？吗？”“”“我认为是这样的。老师说她明天能来学校。我认为是这样的。老师说她明天能来学校。”故选故选A A。【答案答案】A A5 5(2011(2011枣庄枣庄)In the past the children were made _)In the past the children were made _ 15 hours a day.15 hours a day.A Ato lock Bto lock Bwork Cwork Cto work Dto work Dlocklock【解析解析】考查被动语态。考查被动语态。b
38、e made to do sth.“be made to do sth.“被迫做某事被迫做某事”，makemake的被动语态要带的被动语态要带toto，故选，故选C C。【答案答案】C C6 6(2011(2011湘西湘西)Mary often has eggs and bread _)Mary often has eggs and bread _ breakfast.breakfast.A Awith Bwith Bfor Cfor Conon【解析解析】考查介词搭配。考查介词搭配。have sth.for breakfast“have sth.for breakfast“早饭吃某东西早饭吃
39、某东西”。故选故选B B。【答案答案】B B7 7(2011(2011淄博淄博)As were students)As were students，we _ obey the we _ obey the school rules.school rules.A Acan Bcan Bmay Cmay Cmust Dmust Dcouldcould【解析解析】考查情态动词的用法。根据句意考查情态动词的用法。根据句意“作为学生，我们必须遵守作为学生，我们必须遵守校规。校规。”故选故选C C。【答案答案】C C8 8Luckily,the boy didnt hurt his _ in the acc
40、ident,Luckily,the boy didnt hurt his _ in the accident,so he can walk as usual.so he can walk as usual.A Aarms Barms Blegs Clegs Ceyes Deyes Dhandshands【解析解析】考查名词辨析。考查名词辨析。arms“arms“胳膊胳膊”；legs“legs“腿腿”；eyeseyes“眼睛眼睛”；hands“hands“手手”。根据句意。根据句意“所以他能像往常一样走路所以他能像往常一样走路”可知选可知选B B。【答案答案】B B9 9(2011(2011淄博
41、淄博)Will you play basketball against Class 3)Will you play basketball against Class 3 tomorrow?tomorrow?Yes._ it snows.Yes._ it snows.A AIf BIf BUntil Until C CWhen DWhen DUnlessUnless【解析解析】考查连词。根据语境是除非下雪才不去打篮球。故选择考查连词。根据语境是除非下雪才不去打篮球。故选择D D。【答案答案】D D1010Im afraid Ive got a bad cold.Im afraid Ive got
42、 a bad cold._._.A ANever mindNever mindB BKeep away from meKeep away from meC CBetter go and see a doctorBetter go and see a doctorD DYou need to eat less foodYou need to eat less food【解析解析】考查交际用语。由首句考查交际用语。由首句“恐怕我得了重感冒。恐怕我得了重感冒。”可知选可知选C C，“最好去看医生。最好去看医生。”【答案答案】C C二、完形填空二、完形填空(20(20分分)Jim is an Amer
43、ican boy.He likes _Jim is an American boy.He likes _1 1_ football matches_ football matches，_2 2_ he hasnt enough money to buy tickets.He has to watch _ he hasnt enough money to buy tickets.He has to watch the matches _the matches _3 3_ TV at home when he has _ TV at home when he has _4 4_ homework.
44、He _ homework.He must go to school from Monday to Fridaymust go to school from Monday to Friday，so he missed a lot so he missed a lot of important football matches.of important football matches.A big football match would be held(A big football match would be held(举行举行)in the afternoon)in the afterno
45、on the next day._the next day._5 5_ wanted to watch it very much.But he _ wanted to watch it very much.But he couldnt.He would have a physics test in _couldnt.He would have a physics test in _6 6_ afternoon._ afternoon.“Can we have a video“Can we have a video，mommom？”Jim asked his mother _”Jim asked
46、 his mother _7 7_ _ he went to school.“Then from our TV set you can record the he went to school.“Then from our TV set you can record the match for me.”match for me.”“Im _“Im _8 8_ we cant afford(_ we cant afford(买得起买得起)one)one，”said his”said his mother.The next morning Jim went home with a smilemot
47、her.The next morning Jim went home with a smile，_9 9_ a new _ a new video.“But where did you get the moneyvideo.“But where did you get the money，JimJim？”His mother”His mother asked in surprise.asked in surprise.“Thats _“Thats _1010_，mom.I sold our TV set.”mom.I sold our TV set.”1 1A.watching BA.watc
48、hing Bseeing Cseeing Clooking atlooking at【解析解析】watch“watch“观看观看(指比赛指比赛/节目等节目等)”)”；see“see“看见看见(指结果指结果)”)”；look at“look at“看看(指动作指动作/过程过程)”)”。故选。故选A A。【答案答案】A A2 2A.and BA.and Bso Cso Cbut but【解析解析】and“and“并且并且(表并列表并列)”)”；so“so“所以所以(表因果表因果)”)”；but“but“但是但是(表转折表转折)”)”。故选。故选C C。【答案答案】C C3 3A.in BA.in
49、Bon Con Catat【解析解析】on TV“on TV“在电视上在电视上”，是固定搭配，故选，是固定搭配，故选B B。【答案答案】B B4 4A.few BA.few Ba few Ca few Cquite a littlequite a little【解析解析】fewfew，a fewa few，littlelittle，a littlea little是易混淆词。是易混淆词。few“few“没有没有几个几个”，后跟可数名词；，后跟可数名词；a few“a few“很少的很少的”，后跟可数名词；，后跟可数名词；little“little“几乎没有几乎没有”，后跟不可数名词；，后跟不可
50、数名词；a little“a little“有一点有一点”，后跟不可，后跟不可数名词。数名词。【答案答案】C C5 5A.Mother BA.Mother BFather CFather CJimJim【解析解析】文章主人公是文章主人公是JimJim。故选。故选C C。【答案答案】C C6 6A.the same BA.the same Bthe different Cthe different Canotheranother【解析解析】根据上下文根据上下文“But he couldnt.”“He would have a physics“But he couldnt.”“He would h
