1、Unit3 Welcome to the unit&Reading 知识点讲练1.affect vt.影响;侵袭,使感染;深深打动【教材原句教材原句】It also contains information that helps determine our lifespan and affects our chances of contracting certain diseases.它(基因组)还包含其他信息,这些信息有助于决定我们寿命的长短并影响我们患某些疾病的概率。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】be affected by受影响;被侵袭;被打动affection n.喜爱;影响,疾病have af
2、fection for喜爱show sb affection向某人表示喜爱with affection深情地affecting adj.感人的,动人的affected adj.受到影响的;做作的;假装的单句填空But like anyone for whom you feel(affect),customers can also drive you mad.There were many people who came to the(affect)area to help and volunteer.What kind of education can be“meaningful”to you
3、ng people affected conflict?句式升级Smoke affects the flow of blood to the brain.Smoke the flow of blood to the brain.affectionaffectedbyhas an effect on2.identify vt.找到,发现;确认;认出;显示,说明身份【教材原句教材原句】Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases,as they believe genome editing
4、 is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.遗传学家一直试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关,因为他们认为基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种有效手段。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】identify sb/sth as确认某人为,显示某人为identify oneself证明自己(的身份)identify with认为等同于,与一致identity n.身份;同一性,一致;特性identity with与的一致identical adj.完全相同的;非常相似的;同一的;一模一样的be identical to和一模一样;等同于identif
5、ication n.鉴定,识别;认同;身份证明单句填空The thief used a false(identify)so that he couldnt be discovered.The early(identify)of children with special educational needs is very important.People who had(identify)themselves as not wealthy were more likely to listen to and look at the stranger.The name used must be(i
6、dentify)to that shown in your identity document.identityidentificationidentifiedidentical3.relate vt.&vi.联系,使有联系;叙述,讲述【教材原句教材原句】Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases,as they believe genome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.遗传学家一
7、直试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关,因为他们认为基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种有效手段。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】relate to涉及;与相关;了解relate.to.把和联系起来related adj.有关联的;有亲属关系的be related to.与有关;与有亲属关系relation n.关系;联系;亲戚in relation to关于,涉及;相对而言单句填空It is difficult to relate his argument the facts.He found it difficult to sustain good (relate)with them.Let your expe
8、rtise in one field fuel your passions in all_(relate)areas.完成句子政府建议张贴与禁烟有关的标志。Putting up signs was advised by the government.torelationshiprelatedrelated to banning smoking4.means n.方法,方式;财富,钱财【教材原句教材原句】Geneticists have been trying to identify which genes relate to which diseases,as they believe gen
9、ome editing is an effective means of disease treatment and prevention.遗传学家一直试图找出哪些基因与哪些疾病有关,因为他们认为基因组编辑是治疗和预防疾病的一种有效手段。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】a means of(doing)sth(做)某事的方法、途径by means of用,依靠;通过by all means无论如何;当然可以(口语)by no means决不;无论如何都不(位于句首,句子要倒装)try every means to do sth尽力做某事单句填空Every possible means(use)to pre
10、vent the air pollution,but the sky is still not clear.Do you know anything about Zhang Zhongjing?all means he has been honored as a master doctor since the Eastern Han Dynasty.My friend Jack succeeded in his career means of his perseverance and determination.has been usedByby5.fundamental adj.十分重大的,
11、根本的;基础的,基本的n.基本规律,根本法则,基础【教材原句教材原句】Genome editing,serving as a new weapon in the fight against diseases,will lead to a fundamental change in our approach to health care.基因组编辑,作为一种对抗疾病的新武器,将导致我们医疗保健方法的根本改变。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】be fundamental to sth对某事是基本的fundamentally adv.根本地,从根本上;基础地单句填空He taught me the(fundam
12、ental)of the job.Success depends(fundamental)on our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives.完成句子对语法的一些理解是学习一门语言的基础。Some understanding of grammar learning a language.fundamentalsfundamentallyis fundamental to6.arise vi.发生,出现;(由)引起,产生【教材原句教材原句】As the technology continues to develop at a fast
13、pace,however,questions arise about how to use it appropriately.然而,随着这一技术不断迅猛发展,如何恰当地使用这一技术也成了问题。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】arise from=arise out of起因于,由引起if/when the need arises如果/当有需要时【特别提醒特别提醒】arise为不及物动词,表示“出现,发生”时,主语一般为argument,difficulty,misunderstanding,problem,quarrel,trouble等抽象名词。单句填空Accidents always arise ca
14、relessness,so you must be careful when driving.Its reported that more and more cities are faced with the problems of road safety and the deaths(arise)from it.I will help you with your work the need arises.句式升级Can we begin by discussing matters arising from the last meeting?Can we begin by discussing
15、 matters arising the last meeting?fromarisingif/whenout of7.restrict vt.限制,限定;束缚,妨碍;约束,管束【教材原句教材原句】Should we restrict our use of this technology to the treatment and prevention of diseases?我们是否应该将这种技术的使用限制在治疗和预防疾病方面?【归纳拓展归纳拓展】restrict sth to sth把某事限制在某事上restrict sth to sb仅限某人做某事restriction n.限制,约束ma
16、ke restriction on对有限制restricted adj.受限制的be restricted to sb局限于某人restrictive adj.限制(性)的,约束(性)的单句填空(restrict)on group discussion make an open office unwelcome to many people.He was allowed to stay on with his grandma as long as he restricted himself his studies.They dont make any restriction the films
17、,no matter who direct them,as long as they meet the standards.The tournament is(restrict)to players under the age of 23.Restrictionstoonrestricted8.prohibit vt.(尤指以法令)禁止;使不可能【教材原句教材原句】Should we prohibit geneticists from using it to enhance healthy bodies?我们应该禁止遗传学家用它强健身体吗?【归纳拓展归纳拓展】prohibit sb from
18、doing sth禁止某人做某事prohibit(doing)sth禁止(做)某事prohibition n.禁止;禁令prohibition on/against doing sth禁止做某事单句填空The new rules prohibit(smoke)in places like restaurants,hotels,railway stations or theatres.We consistently stood for the complete(prohibit)and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons.The law will pr
19、ohibit people hunting wild animals.Please note that any(prohibit)items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life.smokingprohibitionfromprohibited9.wrestle vi.&vt.奋力对付,努力处理;摔跤【教材原句教材原句】Philosophers,geneticists and government officials have all started to wrestle with such moral issues.哲学家、遗传
20、学家和政府官员都开始努力处理这样的道德问题。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】wrestle with sb跟某人摔跤wrestle with sth奋力对付某事,努力处理某事wrestle to do sth努力做某事wrestling n.摔跤;扭斗wrestler n.摔跤选手,搏斗者单句填空She had spent the whole weekend wrestling the problem.She has been wrestling(raise)the money all year.Wise words considering being fleet of foot is how a(wre
21、stle)starts his day.句式升级We will make great efforts to achieve the Chinese dream.We will the Chinese dream.withto raisewrestlerwrestle to achieve10.debate vt.&vi.讨论,辩论;仔细考虑,思考n.讨论,争论;辩论【教材原句教材原句】There is still much to be explored and debated on the subject of genome editing.在基因组编辑这个话题上还有很多有待探索和讨论的问题。
22、【归纳拓展归纳拓展】debate on/about/over.就辩论debate sth with sb与某人辩论某事debate oneself仔细考虑;思考have a debate进行讨论/辩论under debate在讨论中beyond/without debate无可争辩debater n.参加讨论者单句填空The suggestion he put forward is still debate.They debated who was to blame for the traffic accident until it was 9 oclock.I dont want to de
23、bate such things you.He is a skilled(debate)and had a deep knowledge of the content.underabout/on/overwithdebater11.without doubt 毫无疑问,的确【教材原句教材原句】Without doubt,genome editing is one of the greatest inventions in the history of science.毫无疑问,基因组编辑是科学史上最伟大的创新之一。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】no doubt无疑,很可能(常在句中作状语)in doub
24、t不肯定;不确定have any/no doubt about.怀疑/不怀疑There is no doubt that.毫无疑问There is some doubt whether/if.怀疑是否dont doubt that.不怀疑doubt whether/if.怀疑/不相信是否单句填空There is still some doubt the autumn sports meeting will be held in our school.I dont doubt my father will come to watch my performance,but I doubt whet
25、her he can come on time.He says its not easy to convince people that nutria fur is green,but he has no doubt it.In the near future,its not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be doubt.whether/ifthataboutin一句多译毫无疑问,他是班里最努力的学生。he is the most hardworking student in the class.(同位语从句),he is the most hardworking student in the class.There is no doubt thatWithout doubt
