1、Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world重点词汇、句型、语法复习重点词汇、句型、语法复习1.republicn.共和国，共和政体共和国，共和政体2.deadly adj.致命的；十足的，彻底的致命的；十足的，彻底的3.broadadj.广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；广泛的；宽阔的，广阔的；4.intend vi.&vt.想要，计划；意指想要，计划；意指5.herb n.药草，香草；草本药草，香草；草本6.experimentn.实验；尝试实验；尝试vi.做试验；尝试做试验；尝试7.limitedadj.有限的有限的8.postponevt.延迟，延迟，延期延期9
2、.sufficient adj.足够的，充足的足够的，充足的10.wisdomn.智慧，知识，智慧，知识，11.beneficial adj.有益的，有用的有益的，有用的12.illustrate vt.说明，解释；加插图于说明，解释；加插图于13.indicate vt.表明；暗示；提及；指出表明；暗示；提及；指出14.intelligentadj.有才智的，聪明的；有才智的，聪明的；15.favourngvt.较喜欢较喜欢 n.帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒16.theoryn.学说，论；原理学说，论；原理17.chargevt.&vi.充电；收费；控告；谴责；充电；收费；控
3、告；谴责；n.收费；控告收费；控告；18.intend vt&vi 想要想要intention n.意图意图intended adj.故意的，有意的；故意的，有意的；19.experiment n.实验实验&vi做实验做实验experimental adj.试验性的试验性的experiment on对对.做实验做实验20.limited adj.有限的有限的limit vt限制限制&n.限度限度unlimited adj.无限制的无限制的without limit 无限地无限地21.container n.容器；集装箱；货柜容器；集装箱；货柜contain vt.包含；控制；包含；控制；22.
4、wisdom n.智慧，知识，学问智慧，知识，学问wise adj.明智的；聪明的；明智的；聪明的；wisely adv.聪聪明地明地ly24.favour vt.较喜欢较喜欢&n帮助帮助favourable adj.赞同的；有利的赞同的；有利的favourite adj特别受喜爱的特别受喜爱的25.charge vt&vi充电充电；收费；控告；谴责；收费；控告；谴责charge.for.因因.向向.收费收费charge sb with doing sth控告某人做某事控告某人做某事in charge of sth主管；负责主管；负责26.involve vt.包含；牵涉；影响包含；牵涉；影响
5、involved adj.参与；有关联参与；有关联involvement n.参与；投入参与；投入27.ignorance n.无知无知ignore vt.忽视；不理睬忽视；不理睬ignorant adj.无知的；无知的；28.permit vt&vi 允许；准许允许；准许&n.准可证准可证permission n.允许，许可允许，许可weather permitting 如果天气允许的话如果天气允许的话without permission 未经允许未经允许29.responsibility n.责任；负责责任；负责responsible adj.负责的负责的irresponsible adj
6、.不负责的不负责的a sense of responsibility 责任感责任感be responsible for 为为.负负责责30.declare vt.宣布；公布宣布；公布declaration n.宣告；公告宣告；公告declare war on 宣宣战战declare for/against 声明支持声明支持/反对反对1.查阅，参考；提到，谈及查阅，参考；提到，谈及refer to2.（使）加速（使）加速speed up3.成功，奏效，达到目的成功，奏效，达到目的pay off4.反复试验反复试验through trial and error5.偶然，意外地偶然，意外地by ac
7、cident6.很成功；引人注目很成功；引人注目 with a bang背背 原原 句句明明 句句 式式学学 仿仿 写写1.Inspired by an over 1600-year-old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water,Tu redesigned the experiments and tried extracting the herb at a low temperature in order not to damage its effective part.in order to 作目作目的状语，否定形的状语，否
8、定形式为式为in order not to。为了保持健康，这个年轻人每为了保持健康，这个年轻人每天都去跑步天都去跑步背背 原原 句句明明 句句 式式学学 仿仿 写写2.The most popular experiment was“Planets in abottle,in which students tried to create the conditionsof different planets inside glass bottles.介词介词+which引导引导的非限制定语从的非限制定语从句句。汤姆取得了一项重大技术突破汤姆取得了一项重大技术突破,为此获得为此获得5万美元的奖金。万
9、美元的奖金。no matter where you work.for which背背 原原 句句明明 句句 式式学学 仿仿 写写3.On Wednesday morning,Dr Li arrived to talkabout whether life can exist on other planets.(p.51)点睛点睛whether引导的宾引导的宾语从句。语从句。一切要看你跟我们的意见是否一切要看你跟我们的意见是否一致一致 whether you agree 背背 原原 句句明明 句句 式式学学 仿仿 写写4.It is our responsibility as scientists
10、,knowing the great progress that is the fruit of freedom of thought,to declare the value of this freedom;to teach how doubt is not to be feared but to be welcomedand discussed;and to demand this freedomas our duty to all coming generations.(p.54)点睛点睛it作形式主语，作形式主语，真正的主语为三真正的主语为三个并列的个并列的词不定式短语。词不定式短语。
11、句式仿写句式仿写熬夜不是一个好习惯熬夜不是一个好习惯背背 原原 句句明明 句句 式式学学 仿仿 写写5.We had never felt closer to each other.否定词否定词（not,never,nothing）+比较比较级表示最高级意级表示最高级意义义。健康最重要健康最重要1.There was an _(excite)look on his face when the actress appeared.2.Its wrong for the _(develop)countries to control the world.3.I have collected the m
12、oney _(need).4.This is the problem _(discuss)at the meeting yesterday.5.The _(surprise)look on his face suggested that he had not expected so.excited developed needed discussed surprised1._(compare)Shanghai with Xian,we found Shanghai is larger.2._(compare)with Xian,Shanghai is larger.3._(lose)himse
13、lf in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.4._(lose)in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.ComparingLosingLostCompared1.动词动词-ed形式形式作定语作定语：单个单个V-ed作定语作定语，常放在被修饰词，常放在被修饰词之前之前(left除外除外)，V-ed短语短语作定语时要放在被修饰词作定语时要放在被修饰词之后之后。a.及物动词及物动词的的-ed形式作定语形式作定语,一般兼有一般兼有 _和和_的意义。的意义。b.不及物动
14、词不及物动词的的-ed形式作定语形式作定语,有有 _和和_意义。意义。被动被动完成完成主动主动完成完成 V-ed可充当可充当_、_、_、_、_状语；状语；其逻辑主语必须其逻辑主语必须与与_保持一致；保持一致；_+V-ed作状语；作状语；_表示主动表示主动,进行的进行的动作动作；_表示被动表示被动,完成的动作。完成的动作。原因原因时间时间让步让步条件条件伴随或方式伴随或方式句子的主语句子的主语连词连词V-ingV-ed2.动词动词-ed形式形式作状语作状语：3.动词动词-ed形式形式作宾语补足语作宾语补足语：表示表示_的动词。的动词。表示表示_意义的动词。意义的动词。表示表示_意义的动词。意义的
15、动词。with的复合结构的复合结构。感观、感觉和发觉感观、感觉和发觉“致使致使”“希望、愿望、命令希望、愿望、命令”1.（20202020新课标新课标I I卷短文改错卷短文改错)I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs,and I thought it must be easy to cook.2.(2020新课标新课标IIII卷语法填空卷语法填空)They represent the earth _(come)back to life and best wishes for new ing【解析】【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词考
16、查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词fry与与tomatoes之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用V-ed作定语作定语，故将，故将frying改为改为fried。【解析】【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新考查非谓语动词。句意：它们代表着大地的复苏和对新开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为开端的美好祝愿。句中谓语动词为represent，所以这里为非谓语，所以这里为非谓语动词。动词。名词名词earth与与come back to之间为主动关系之间为主动关系，所以用，所以用V-ing作作后置定语后置定语。故填。故填coming。3.(2020江苏卷江苏
17、卷)Technological innovations,_ good marketing,will promote the sales of these products.A.combined with B.combining with C.having combined with D.to be combined with4.(2020新课标新课标II卷语法填空卷语法填空)They make great gifts and you see them many times _(decorate)with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.decorated顺应新高考形势，巩固夯实提高Thank You！
