1、题 型 三题 型 三任 务 型 阅 读任 务 型 阅 读1 1考情概览考情概览2 2微技能讲练微技能讲练微技能讲练微技能讲练微技能微技能1 1 关键词定位法关键词定位法 微技能微技能2 2 转换相关语句法转换相关语句法微技能微技能3 3 细节理解细节理解微技能微技能5 5 把握句式结构及固定搭配把握句式结构及固定搭配 微技能微技能4 4 速读文章，明确主题速读文章，明确主题考情概览考情概览 分析河北近分析河北近6年中考任务型阅读可知，该题型呈现以下特点：年中考任务型阅读可知，该题型呈现以下特点：文体文体：均为说明文；：均为说明文；话题话题：个人素养提升：个人素养提升(2019、2017年考查年
2、考查)、事物介绍、事物介绍(2020年考查年考查)、创新技术创新技术(2018年考查年考查)、社会责任、社会责任(2016年考查年考查)及咨询建议及咨询建议(2015年年考查考查)；词数词数：230260之间，段落之间，段落46段，以段，以5段居多；段居多；近近6年设题形式年设题形式：66题完成句子；题完成句子；67、68题简略回答问题；题简略回答问题；69题找出并写下第四题找出并写下第四段的主题句；段的主题句；70题将文中画线句子译成汉语。题将文中画线句子译成汉语。(2020年考查年考查)66、67题完成句子；题完成句子；68题简略回答问题；题简略回答问题；69题找出并写下第二题找出并写下第
3、二段段(或全文或全文)的主题句；的主题句；70题将文中画线句子译成汉语。题将文中画线句子译成汉语。(2019、2018、2017年考查年考查)71题完成句子；题完成句子；72、73题简略回答问题；题简略回答问题；74题找出并写下第三题找出并写下第三段段(或全文或全文)的主题句；的主题句；75题将文中画线句子译成汉语。题将文中画线句子译成汉语。(2016、2015年考查年考查)设题形式设题形式1 1 完成句子完成句子(必考：每年必考：每年12道道)关键词定位法关键词定位法(6年年8考考)微技能微技能 1 1 考生首先要找出题干中的关键词，再由关键词定位到文章中考生首先要找出题干中的关键词，再由关
4、键词定位到文章中对应的句子，最后与题干一一对应，找出相应位置空缺的内容并对应的句子，最后与题干一一对应，找出相应位置空缺的内容并将其补上。做完题后要检查句子结构，从语法形式和意义上进行将其补上。做完题后要检查句子结构，从语法形式和意义上进行复查，确保答案正确。复查，确保答案正确。微技能讲练微技能讲练 (2020河北节选河北节选)Remember books?The paper kind.With pages.In the old days before computers,to get information,people read books and newspapers.Students
5、spent hours and hours in the library,looking for information in the old books for homework.Now students can find anything on the Internet in seconds.The library was a place where everyone was quiet.66.In the old days before computers,people _ to get information.典例剖析典例剖析 read books and newspapers剖析：题
6、干意为：在电脑出现前过去的日子里，人们剖析：题干意为：在电脑出现前过去的日子里，人们_来来获取信息。根据关键词获取信息。根据关键词“In the old days before computers”可定位可定位到本段第四句到本段第四句“In the old days before computers,to get information,people read books and newspapers.”可知答案应填可知答案应填“read books and newspapers”。Paragraph 1(2020天津节选天津节选)Have you ever thought about how
7、 many different things you like?You may like pets,parties,presents,foods,and even superheroes!Our world is full of so many things to like!Do you ever wonder(琢磨琢磨)why you like certain animals or why you like to do certain things?You may not think about it often,but you may learn something about yours
8、elf if you think twice about why you like certain animals.微 技 能 训 练微 技 能 训 练1.You may _ if you think twice about why you like certain animals.learn something about yourselfParagraph 2(2020天津节选天津节选)Our personality helps form what we like and dislike.Sometimes the things we like just come naturally to
9、 us.For example,whos your favourite superhero?You probably like that character(人物人物)for reasons that are all your own.You may not have even thought about why you like that superhero.you just do.As you learn more and do more,you may find out that there are more and more things you like.Thats a good t
10、hing!2.Our personality helps form _3.As you _，you may find out that there are more and more things you like.what we like and dislikelearn more and do more转换相关语句法转换相关语句法(2017.67)微技能微技能 2 2 考生首先要找出题干中的关键词，再由关键词定位到文章中考生首先要找出题干中的关键词，再由关键词定位到文章中对应的句子，要通读关键句子的前后几句，并与题干作比照来找对应的句子，要通读关键句子的前后几句，并与题干作比照来找出横线上
11、应当填写的答案。此处要注意句式的转换，有些可能是出横线上应当填写的答案。此处要注意句式的转换，有些可能是两个简短的句子，在设题时整合成一个完整的句子，此时就要注两个简短的句子，在设题时整合成一个完整的句子，此时就要注意语意的完整性及对句子的整合能力，确保填出来的答案是正确意语意的完整性及对句子的整合能力，确保填出来的答案是正确的。做完题后要检查句子结构，从语法形式和意义上进行复查，的。做完题后要检查句子结构，从语法形式和意义上进行复查，确保答案正确。确保答案正确。(2017河北节选河北节选)We should learn from mistakes.It makes us become str
12、ong.Before we know it,were thankful for negative things,too.Our mistakes can also make us humble(谦逊的谦逊的),which is not all bad.67.Learning from mistakes can make us _ and humble.典例剖析典例剖析(become)strong剖析：题干意为：从错误中学习能使我们剖析：题干意为：从错误中学习能使我们_和谦逊。根据和谦逊。根据关键词关键词“Learning from mistakes”可定位至该段前两句可定位至该段前两句“We
13、should learn from mistakes.It makes us become strong.”可知，我们应该可知，我们应该从错误中吸取教训，它使我们变得坚强。故填从错误中吸取教训，它使我们变得坚强。故填(become)strong。Paragraph 3(2020石家庄四区初三联考石家庄四区初三联考)People need to live with happiness.So everyone wants to find happiness.But sometimes looking for happiness can be as hard as looking for lost
14、treasure.Just when you think you nearly reach it,something unexpected happens.This may puzzle you a lot.Here are some tips for helping you find happiness.微 技 能 训 练微 技 能 训 练 Dont put all your eggs in one basket.If you depend on one thing or one person to make you happy,it may be impossible.You need t
15、o enlarge your circle of friends and activities.4.To be happy,people are suggested to make their circle of _ larger.friends and activities设题形式设题形式2 2 简略回答问题简略回答问题(必考：每年必考：每年12道道)细节理解细节理解微技能微技能 3 3 学生首先需提取题干疑问词，再根据疑问词确定该问题在问学生首先需提取题干疑问词，再根据疑问词确定该问题在问什么，从而确定用什么样的句式来回答。其次结合关键信息，定什么，从而确定用什么样的句式来回答。其次结合关
16、键信息，定位到原文相应位置找出答案。位到原文相应位置找出答案。角度角度1What疑问句疑问句(6年年4考考)What疑问句只能用完整的句子、名词或名词性短语、名词性疑问句只能用完整的句子、名词或名词性短语、名词性从句从句(多为宾语从句多为宾语从句)来回答。如：来回答。如：问：问：What are the desks and chairs in Chengdu tea houses made of?答：答：Bamboo.(2019河北节选河北节选)Practice makes perfect.While you are growing in critical thinking,youll bec
17、ome a wiser and more thoughtful person.There are many ways of doing practice.68.What kind of person will you become as you grow in critical thinking?_典例剖析典例剖析A wiser and more thoughtful person.剖析：题干意为：当你在批判性思维中成长时，你会变成什么样剖析：题干意为：当你在批判性思维中成长时，你会变成什么样的人？对的人？对what引导的疑问句应回答具体内容，由题干中关键词引导的疑问句应回答具体内容，由题干中
18、关键词“grow in”可定位至该段第二句可定位至该段第二句“While you are growing in critical thinking,youll become a wiser and more thoughtful person.”从而从而确定答案。故填确定答案。故填A wiser and more thoughtful person.。Paragraph 4(2020北京节选北京节选)Anna Du was walking along the beach when she noticed plastics there.She reached down to pick them
19、up,and quickly realized there were many more tiny pieces than she could deal with.It seemed impossible to clean them all up.5.What did Anna notice while walking along the beach?_微 技 能 训 练微 技 能 训 练She noticed plastics./Plastics.Paragraph 5(2020青岛节选青岛节选)In China,writing brushes,ink sticks,paper and in
20、k stones are called the Four Treasures of Study.Among the highquality(质量质量)treasures,the writing brush produced in Huzhou,the ink stick produced in Huizhou,the xuan paper made in Xuancheng and the ink stone made in Duanxi are the bestknown.The writing brushes can be used to draw the pictures on pain
21、ted potteries(陶器陶器).They are mainly made of the hair of animals.Those made of wool are called yanghao and those made of the weasels(鼬鼬)tail hair are called langhao.Their artistic effects(效果效果)in writing and painting cannot be copied by any other pens.6.What are the writing brushes mainly made of?_Th
22、e hair of animals.角度角度2How疑问句疑问句(2020.67,2017.68)How疑问句提问方式，通常用疑问句提问方式，通常用By doing./Withn./句子句子(或祈使句或祈使句)来回答。如：来回答。如：问：问：How do we deal with the last little piece of soap?答：答：By using it up./We should use it up.(2020河北节选河北节选)Before computers,articles were handwritten.If a student made a mistake,he w
23、ould throw the paper away and start writing all over again.Now?If a student makes a mistake,he can just remove or cut it.Students type on their computers and edit(编辑编辑)freely.But they should save their writing in time on the computer because it may stop working suddenly.Who wants to lose his hard wo
24、rk forever?典例剖析典例剖析67.How can a student correct his mistake while writing on the computer?_剖析：剖析：题干意为：学生在电脑上打字时怎样改正错误呢？由题干意为：学生在电脑上打字时怎样改正错误呢？由How可可知，该题在提问方式。根据题干关键字知，该题在提问方式。根据题干关键字“mistake”和和“on the computer”可定位到第四句可定位到第四句“If a student makes a mistake,he can just remove or cut it.”可知，如果一个学生写错了，可以去
25、删除或可知，如果一个学生写错了，可以去删除或剪切掉它。故答案为：剪切掉它。故答案为：He can just remove or cut it./Just remove or cut it./Remove or cut it.He can just remove or cut it./Just remove or cut it./Remove or cut it.Paragraph 6(2020青岛节选青岛节选)Paper is among the four great inventions in ancient China.The famous xuan paper appeared in t
26、he Sui and Tang dynasties.In Xuanzhou,Anhui Province where the xuan paper is produced,its said that Cai Luns pupil Kong Dan took the job of producing paper but failed to make perfect white paper.Later he happened to see the ebony(檀木檀木)in the rivers.It was wet with the water and turned white.Then he
27、used the bark(树皮树皮)to produce the worldfamous xuan paper.微 技 能 训 练微 技 能 训 练7.How did Kong Dan make the famous xuan paper?_He used the bark of the ebony.Paragraph 7(2020湘潭节选湘潭节选)Here are some tips that can help you have a few moments of quiet in your day：1.Make it a priority(优先的事物优先的事物).Like brushing
28、 your teeth or taking a shower,10 minutes of quiet time a day is part of taking care of your body and cultivating(陶冶陶冶)your spirit.8.How can you get support for quiet from the people around you?_By telling them the importance of quiet and leading by example.2.Teach the people you live with about qui
29、et time.No television or computer or music.This is the time to read or play or create artalone.Tell the people around you about the importance ofquiet and lead by example.Then theyll begin to support you and enjoy it as well.角度角度3When疑问句疑问句(2016.73,2015.73)When疑问句提问时间，通常用介词时间或句子来回答。如：疑问句提问时间，通常用介词时间
30、或句子来回答。如：问：问：When was the letter grading system first used in the US college?答：答：In 1897.(2016河北节选河北节选)Although food safety systems usually work,there can be problems.Sometimes mistakes are made.For example,a truck might carry eggs and then ice cream.The ice cream could make people sick when the tru
31、ck isnt cleaned before carrying it.Other problems are not mistakes.Sometimes companies break rules to make more money.When this happens,people dont know if their food is safe.典例剖析典例剖析73.When could ice cream make people sick in the example?_When the truck isnt cleaned(before carrying it)剖析：题干意为：在例子中什
32、么时候冰淇淋会让人生病？根据题剖析：题干意为：在例子中什么时候冰淇淋会让人生病？根据题干疑问词干疑问词When可知，该句在提问时间。根据题干关键词可知，该句在提问时间。根据题干关键词“ice cream make people sick”定位至第四句定位至第四句“The ice cream could make people sick when the truck isnt cleaned before carrying it.”可知答可知答案。故填案。故填When the truck isnt cleaned(before carrying it)Paragraph 8(2020长沙节选长沙
33、节选)Jiaozi,also known as Chinese dumplings,is a musthave during holidays in Northern China.It dates back to ancient times.Jiaozi is one of the most important foods in Chinese New Year.Since jiaozi is in the shape of ancient Chinese gold or silver ingots(银锭银锭),it symbolizes wealth(象征着财富象征着财富).9.When d
34、id Chinese people probably begin to have Jiaozi?_微 技 能 训 练微 技 能 训 练In ancient times.Paragraph 9(2020青岛节选青岛节选)The ink stone was already very popular in the Han Dynasty.The Ming and Qing dynasties saw the appearance of the Four Famous Ink StonesDuan Ink Stone,She Ink Stone,Tao Ink Stone and Chengni In
35、k Stone.They can not only be used in writing and painting but also for admiration.10.When did the Four Famous Ink Stones appear?_ In the Ming and Qing dynasties.角度角度4Why疑问句疑问句(2020.68)Why疑问句提问原因，通常用疑问句提问原因，通常用because从句从句/because of短语或不定式短语或不定式(表目的表目的)来回答。如：来回答。如：问：问：Why do people like going shopping
36、 on Black Friday?答：答：Because they can get things on sale.(2020河北节选河北节选)Before computers,articles were handwritten.If a student made a mistake,he would throw the paper away and start writing all over again.Now?If a student makes a mistake,he can just remove or cut it.Students type on their computers
37、and edit(编辑编辑)freely.But they should save their writing in time on the computer because it may stop working suddenly.Who wants to lose his hard work forever?68.Why should students save their writing in time on the computer?_典例剖析典例剖析Because it may stop working suddenly.剖析：剖析：题干意为：学生们为什么要在电脑上及时保存他们的写作
38、题干意为：学生们为什么要在电脑上及时保存他们的写作呢？根据呢？根据Why提问的疑问句提问原因，应用提问的疑问句提问原因，应用because从句等来回从句等来回答。由题干关键词答。由题干关键词“save their writing in time”可定位到倒数第二可定位到倒数第二句句“But they should save their writing in time on the computer because it may stop working suddenly.”可知是因为电脑可能会突可知是因为电脑可能会突然停止工作。故填然停止工作。故填Because it may stop wor
39、king suddenly.。Paragraph 10(2020北京节选北京节选)“I know I want to be an engineer because I like building things to help solve world problems，”says Du.“But Im not sure what kind of engineer I want to be yet.”11.Why did Du want to be an engineer in the future?_微 技 能 训 练微 技 能 训 练Because she/he likes building
40、things to help solve world problems.Paragraph 11(2020益阳节选益阳节选)First,we should seldom go out.Its easier to get sick outside.When we have to go out,we must wear face masks(口罩口罩).Second,we should often open the windows in order to keep the air in the room fresh.Fresh air is good for us to keep healthy.
41、Third,we ought to wash our hands many times a day,especially before meals and after going to the toilet.And each time we should wash them with soap and running water for at least 20 seconds.Fourth,make sure we have a good sleep at night.People who are tired or under stress can get sick easily,so its
42、 important to have enough sleep.Lastly,we can do sports like walking or running slowly at home.12.Why is it important to have enough sleep?_Because people who are tired or under stress can get sick easily.角度角度5Who疑问句疑问句(近近6年未考查年未考查)Who疑问句提问身份或姓名，应当用疑问句提问身份或姓名，应当用He/She/It/They be动词具体身份或姓名来回答。如：动词具体身
43、份或姓名来回答。如：问：问：Who telephoned the firemen and ambulance service?答：答：Mr.Creamer.(2020淄博节选淄博节选)The soft wind is filled with teas smell.The teas they use are usually jasmine green teas,Dragon Well,and Biluochun.They use northern Gaiwan as tea sets(larger than Gongfu Gaiwan).Gaiwan is made up of three pa
44、rts:the lid,the cup and the saucer(茶碟茶碟).When the tea service master pours water into the Gaiwan,you will see the water falling from the air into Gaiwan,with a lively sound.In a moment,water stops.典例剖析典例剖析Then look at the Gaiwan.The water in it is just right at the level of the Gaiwans mouth,with a
45、simple drip(水滴水滴)on the desk.This is a unique(独特的独特的)skill,as well as an art.55.Who has the unique skill of pouring water in the tea house?_ The tea service master.剖析：剖析：题干意为：谁有在茶馆倒水的绝技？由题干意为：谁有在茶馆倒水的绝技？由Who可知，此处提可知，此处提问人物身份或姓名。根据题干关键词问人物身份或姓名。根据题干关键词“the unique skill of pouring water”可定位至第五句话可定位至第五
46、句话“When the tea service master pours water into the Gaiwan.”和该段最后一句话和该段最后一句话“This is a unique(独特独特的的)skill,as well as an art.”可知茶艺大师有这项独一无二的倒茶可知茶艺大师有这项独一无二的倒茶技术。故填技术。故填 The tea service master.。Paragraph 12(2020滨州节选滨州节选)Do you like playing basketball?If so,you must be very shocked and sad about the d
47、eath of Kobe Bryant,a famous NBA basketball player.Kobe died in a helicopter(直升机直升机)accident in California on January 26,2020.Just three days before the accident,he sent out Chinese New Year wishes,and encouraged Chinese fans to live(实实践践)their dreams and dare to win.13.Who was Kobe Bryant?_微 技 能 训
48、练微 技 能 训 练 A famous NBA basketball player.角度角度6Where疑问句疑问句(近近6年未考查年未考查)Where疑问句提问地点、位置，通常用介词地点或句子来疑问句提问地点、位置，通常用介词地点或句子来回答。如：回答。如：问：问：Where was the name“Black Friday”first used in the 1950s?答：答：In Philadelphia.(2020锦州节选锦州节选)Li Shizhen was one of the most famous doctors in Chinese history.He was born
49、 in Hubei in 1518.Both of Li Shizhens father and grandfather were doctors.Li Shizhens grandfather was a country doctor who traveled in the countryside with a bag of herbs(药草药草)and medicine and cured(治治愈愈)people.His father was a doctor who wrote several books.61.Where was Li Shizhen born?_典例剖析典例剖析In
50、Hubei.剖析：题干意为：李时珍出生在哪里？由疑问词剖析：题干意为：李时珍出生在哪里？由疑问词Where可知，此可知，此处提问地点。由关键词处提问地点。由关键词“born”可定位至第一段可定位至第一段“Li Shizhen was one of the most famous doctors in Chinese history.He was born in Hubei in 1518.”可知李时珍出生在湖北。故填可知李时珍出生在湖北。故填In Hubei.。Paragraph 13(2020邯郸二模节选邯郸二模节选)In England,people buy bus tickets on
