1、第二周第二周 主要意思题主要意思题 (对应话题:计划与愿望对应话题:计划与愿望)任何一篇文章都是围绕某一个中心思想逐任何一篇文章都是围绕某一个中心思想逐步展开的,也就是说,每篇文章都有主旨要义。步展开的,也就是说,每篇文章都有主旨要义。事实上,把握文章的主旨对解答其他类型的阅事实上,把握文章的主旨对解答其他类型的阅读题也非常有帮助。完形填空和语法填空也需读题也非常有帮助。完形填空和语法填空也需要我们把握文章的主旨要义。因此,学会快速要我们把握文章的主旨要义。因此,学会快速把握文章的主旨要义非常重要。把握文章的主旨要义非常重要。提问方式:提问方式:题干中常含有题干中常含有main idea或或m
2、ainly about:What is the text mainly about?(2020年全国年全国卷;卷;2020年全国年全国卷;卷;2019年全国年全国卷卷)What is the main idea of the text?(2018年全年全国国卷卷)解答主旨大意题主要方法是找主题句,主解答主旨大意题主要方法是找主题句,主题句通常在文首或文尾。文章首尾呼应,也可题句通常在文首或文尾。文章首尾呼应,也可能没有主题句,这时需根据文章内容去归纳。能没有主题句,这时需根据文章内容去归纳。另外,注意以下几点:另外,注意以下几点:1.段落中出现表转折的词语段落中出现表转折的词语(如如howev
3、er,but,in fact,actually,while,on the contrary,in contrast等等)时,其后的句子很可能是主题句。时,其后的句子很可能是主题句。2.首段出现疑问句时,对该问题的回答很可能首段出现疑问句时,对该问题的回答很可能就是主题句。就是主题句。3.作者有意识地反复强调的观点,通常是主旨。作者有意识地反复强调的观点,通常是主旨。4.反复出现的词语,一般为体现文章主旨的关反复出现的词语,一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。键词。5.表示总结或结论的词常有表示总结或结论的词常有therefore,thus,in short,conclude,conclusion等。等
4、。典型例题典型例题(2020年全国年全国卷卷31)With the young unable to afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤独孤独),more families are choosing to live together.The doorway to peace and quiet,for Nick Bright at least,leads straight to his mother-in-law:she lives on the ground floor,while he lives upstairs
5、with his wife and their two daughters.Four years ago they all moved into a three-storey Victorian house in Bristol主题句主题句可知,由于年轻人无法承担离家费用,而老年人又面可知,由于年轻人无法承担离家费用,而老年人又面临着孤独的风险,越来越多的家庭选择住在一起临着孤独的风险,越来越多的家庭选择住在一起 “We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house,”says Kathryn Whitehead.Rita cuts in:“We
6、spoke more with Nick because I think its a big thing for Nick to live with his mother-in-law.”And what does Nick think?“From my standpoint,it all seems to work very well.Would I recommend it?Yes,I think I would.”Its hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him,but research indicates that the
7、numbers have been rising for some time.Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations living together had risen from 325,000 in 2001 to 419,000 in 2013.Other varieties of multigenerational family are more common.Some people live with their elderly parents;many more adu
8、lt children are returning to the family home,if they ever left.It is said that about 20%of 25-34-year-olds live with their parents,compared with 16%in 1991.The total number of all multigenerational households in Britain is thought to be about 1/8 million点拨:点拨:主题句是第一段主题句是第一段“With the young unable to
9、afford to leave home and the old at risk of isolation(孤孤独独),more families are choosing to live together.”,由,由此可知,由于年轻人无法承担离家费用,而老年人又此可知,由于年轻人无法承担离家费用,而老年人又面临着孤独的风险,越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。面临着孤独的风险,越来越多的家庭选择住在一起。再根据第三段首句的再根据第三段首句的“in the UK”可知,短文详细介可知,短文详细介绍的是英国的现象。对比各选项,只有选项绍的是英国的现象。对比各选项,只有选项D“生活生活在英国的一种上升趋势
10、在英国的一种上升趋势”最合适,故选最合适,故选D项。项。What is the text mainly about?A.Lifestyles in different countries.B.Conflicts between generations.C.A housing problem in Britain.D.A rising trend of living in the UK.星期一星期一考纲词汇复记强化考纲词汇复记强化 _ adj.结实的结实的 _ n.技术,科技技术,科技 _ n.治疗治疗 _ vt.包含,含有包含,含有 _ n.细胞细胞firmtechnologytreatmen
11、tcontaincell _ vt.编程编程 _ n.图案,花样图案,花样 _ n.物件;物品物件;物品(item)_ n.食品杂货店食品杂货店 _ n.袖子袖子 _ vt.取代,替换取代,替换programmepatternarticlegrocerysleevereplaceA.people will never get oldB.everyone will look the sameC.red will be the most popular colorD.clothes will be able to change their pattern1.We can learn from th
12、e text that in the future _.D 细节理解题细节理解题。由第三段最后一句由第三段最后一句“The particles can be programmed to change clothes color or pattern.”可知,衣服上的粒子可以改变衣服的颜可知,衣服上的粒子可以改变衣服的颜色或图案,故选色或图案,故选D。阅读理解阅读理解A.Milk will be harmful to health.B.More drinks will be available for sale.C.Food in the grocery store will carry ele
13、ctronic information.D.Milk in the grocery store will stay fresh much longer.2.What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?C 推理判断题推理判断题。由第四段内容可知,每个芯片由第四段内容可知,每个芯片都会包含该食品的相关信息,而杂货店里的每件都会包含该食品的相关信息,而杂货店里的每件食品都有一个这样的芯片,故选项食品都有一个这样的芯片,故选项C正确。正确。A.Nothing can replace the Internet.B.Fridges will know what people
14、 need.C.Jacked sleeves can be used as a guide.D.Cars will be able to drive automatically.3.Which of the following is mentioned in the text?D 细节理解题细节理解题。由倒数第二段第二句由倒数第二段第二句“In 2045,cars drive themselves.Just tell your “smart car”where to go.”可知,汽车都是自动驾驶的,你只可知,汽车都是自动驾驶的,你只需告诉它去哪里即可,故选需告诉它去哪里即可,故选D。A.Fo
15、od and clothing in 2045.B.Future technology in everyday life.C.Medical treatments of the future.D.The reason for the success of new technology.4.What is the text mainly about?B 主旨大意题主旨大意题。由第一段可知本文讲的是由第一段可知本文讲的是2045年的未来,接着文章分别论述了未来科技在日常年的未来,接着文章分别论述了未来科技在日常生活的各个方面的应用,故选生活的各个方面的应用,故选B。星期二星期二 考纲词汇复记强化考
16、纲词汇复记强化 _ n.收银员收银员 _ adj.羞愧的羞愧的 _ adj.尴尬的尴尬的 _ adj.头顶上的头顶上的;上面的上面的 _ adj.备用的备用的 _ 收银台收银台 _ 自娱自乐自娱自乐 _ 做一个演讲做一个演讲cashierashamedembarrassedoverheadsparecheckout counteramuse oneselfgive a speechA.The boy was shopping by himself.B.The boys mother asked her to do so.C.The cashier was playing a joke on h
17、im.D.The boys mother was away for something else.1.Why did the cashier ask the boy to pay for the purchases?C 细节理解题细节理解题。由第五段第一句话由第五段第一句话“I didnt realize she was just trying to amuse herself.”可知,收银员可知,收银员只是在开玩笑,故选只是在开玩笑,故选C。阅读理解阅读理解 A.Making a speech.B.Quarreling with the cashier.C.Answering cashier
18、s question.D.Losing face in front of the cashier.2.What made the boy angry?D 推理判断题推理判断题。由第六段第三句由第六段第三句“This lady asked me for the money,and I had nothing to give her.”可知,当收银员问作者要钱,而作者身上可知,当收银员问作者要钱,而作者身上没有钱,因此感到尴尬,在收银员面前丢脸了。没有钱,因此感到尴尬,在收银员面前丢脸了。A.He was always well-prepared.B.His speech was about bu
19、lbs.C.He knew the bulb on the projector would blow out.D.He knew the classroom equipment was of poor quality.3.Why did Norman bring a spare bulb with him?A 推理判断题推理判断题。由第八段第一句由第八段第一句“Ive always admired people who are over-prepared.”可知,作可知,作者总是尊敬那些提前有准备的人,下面举例子,说者总是尊敬那些提前有准备的人,下面举例子,说明这个人总是提前有准备,故选明这个
20、人总是提前有准备,故选A。A.Chances favor those who are well-prepared.B.Money is the key that opens all doors.C.In fair weather,prepare for a rainy day.D.Accidents happen almost every day.4.What does the writer want to tell us?C 主旨大意题主旨大意题。文章首段文章首段“Ive always felt a need to be prepared for whatever situation Ive
21、 found myself in.”为全文主旨句,接下来就是作者用亲身为全文主旨句,接下来就是作者用亲身经历来证明这一观点。尾段经历来证明这一观点。尾段“So take money.Pack a light bulb.Be prepared.”与之呼应,可见作者想要与之呼应,可见作者想要说明要为未知的境况做好准备,即说明要为未知的境况做好准备,即“未雨绸缪未雨绸缪”,故选故选C。星期三星期三 考纲词汇复记强化考纲词汇复记强化 _ n.财产;所有物财产;所有物 _ n.材料材料 _ adj.积极的;乐观的积极的;乐观的 _ n.轮椅轮椅 _ n.差别;区别差别;区别 _ v.限制;限定限制;限定
22、 _ n.欠款;债务欠款;债务possessionmaterialpositive wheelchairdistinctionrestrictdebt _ 去世去世 _ 设法成功做某事设法成功做某事 _ 疗养院疗养院 _ adj.可选择的可选择的 _ 凝视窗外凝视窗外 _ 得高分得高分 _ 取得成功取得成功pass awaymanage to do stha nursing homeoptionalstare out of the windowget a good markpay off完形填空完形填空 After mother passed away in December,I found
23、a glass bottle half full of spare change among her possessions.A piece of paper was tapped to the glass bottle with five 1 written on it:Washington,D.C.,Alaska,London,Hawaii,and Italy.2 ,the bottle was one of moms bucket lists(人生目标清单人生目标清单).1.A.competitionsB.associations C.distinctionsD.destinations
24、2.A.UnluckilyB.Unexpectedly C.UndoubtedlyD.UnhappilyDCMom grew up poor and lived her life without any of the material trappings(小装饰品小装饰品)3 with happiness.Yet,for my 4 life,she stood as a 5 of how to live a positive,happy life.3.A.associated B.satisfied C.armed D.burdened4.A.entireB.tough C.free D.st
25、able5.A.super hero B.bread earner C.goal seeker D.role modelAAD Living on just fifty dollars per month after her 6 were paid,my mom managed to 7 money to an elderly care organization every year.I once asked her 8 she was sending 250 to help a complete stranger when she could really use the money.Her
26、 answer,“I have everything I 9 here.That poor little kid,though”6.A.listsB.billsC.tickets D.reports7.A.produceB.donate C.collectD.receive8.A.whyB.whenC.how D.where9.A.oweB.treasure C.needD.meetBBAC Throughout her life,she had no money,could 10 drive a car,had no job,and was 11 to a wheelchair in a n
27、ursing home.She never 12 it to Italy,London,Alaska or Hawaii.10.A.no doubtB.with surprise C.no longerD.with certainty11.A.condemnedB.abandoned C.adaptedD.restricted12.A.madeB.admitted C.blamedD.celebratedCDAMuch of her bucket list 13 to be done.But she never stopped 14 ,and that attitude of positive
28、 thinking was the greatest 15 she could have given me.13.A.refusedB.built C.remainedD.explored14.A.achievingB.waiting C.checkingD.believing15.A.chanceB.gift C.messageD.debtCDB作者讲述了自己的母亲:她一生贫困,但她有梦想,作者讲述了自己的母亲:她一生贫困,但她有梦想,对生活保持乐观态度,心怀感恩,而且还经常做善事。对生活保持乐观态度,心怀感恩,而且还经常做善事。1.D 选项:选项:competitions竞赛,竞争;竞赛,
29、竞争;associations社社团;团;distinctions差异;差异;destinations目的地。由冒号后目的地。由冒号后面的五个地名可知,此处是指母亲一直想去这五个目面的五个地名可知,此处是指母亲一直想去这五个目的地旅游。的地旅游。2.C 选项:选项:Unluckily不幸地;不幸地;Unexpectedly意料之意料之外地;外地;Undoubtedly毫无疑问地;毫无疑问地;Unhappily不开心地。不开心地。毫无疑问,这是作者已故的妈妈当时列的人生目标清毫无疑问,这是作者已故的妈妈当时列的人生目标清单。单。3.A 选项:选项:associated与与有关的;有关的;sati
30、sfied感到感到满意的;满意的;armed具备具备(知识、技能或装备知识、技能或装备)的;的;burdened有负担的。由前文可知,母亲出生在贫困的有负担的。由前文可知,母亲出生在贫困的家庭,因此家里过节的时候也没有任何与快乐有关的家庭,因此家里过节的时候也没有任何与快乐有关的小装饰品。小装饰品。4.A 选项:选项:entire完全的;完全的;tough困难的;困难的;free自由的,自由的,空闲的;空闲的;stable稳定的。结合全文可知,母亲对作者的稳定的。结合全文可知,母亲对作者的影响是终身的。影响是终身的。5.D 选项:选项:super hero超级英雄;超级英雄;bread ear
31、ner养家糊养家糊口者;口者;goal seeker寻找目标的人;寻找目标的人;role model模范。结模范。结合文章最后一段可知,母亲始终是教导作者如何过上合文章最后一段可知,母亲始终是教导作者如何过上积极、幸福生活的榜样。积极、幸福生活的榜样。6.B 选项:选项:lists清单;清单;bills账单;账单;tickets票,入场券;票,入场券;reports报告。由报告。由“fifty dollars”“”“paid”等可知,母等可知,母亲付完所有的账单后,每个月只剩下亲付完所有的账单后,每个月只剩下50美元了。美元了。7.B 选项选项:produce生产生产,制造制造;donate捐
32、赠捐赠;collect收集;收集;receive收到。由下文收到。由下文“care organizationshe was sending 250”可知,母亲哪怕自己每个月只剩下可知,母亲哪怕自己每个月只剩下50美元,还是设法去捐款帮助他人。美元,还是设法去捐款帮助他人。8.A 选项:选项:why为什么;为什么;when什么时候;什么时候;how怎么,怎么,如何;如何;where哪里。由下文母亲的回答可知,作者问哪里。由下文母亲的回答可知,作者问母亲,为什么自己可以用这笔钱,却用这笔钱去帮助母亲,为什么自己可以用这笔钱,却用这笔钱去帮助一个完全陌生的人。一个完全陌生的人。9.C 选项:选项:o
33、we欠;欠;treasure珍惜;珍惜;need需要;需要;meet遇见。母亲认为,这里有自己所需要的一切,因此可遇见。母亲认为,这里有自己所需要的一切,因此可以把这笔钱用于帮助有需要的人。以把这笔钱用于帮助有需要的人。10.C 选项:选项:no doubt毫无疑问;毫无疑问;with surprise惊讶惊讶地;地;no longer不再;不再;with certainty肯定地。此处是讲,肯定地。此处是讲,母亲的一生都是贫困的,没有钱,不能再开车,没有母亲的一生都是贫困的,没有钱,不能再开车,没有工作等。工作等。11.D 选项:选项:condemned谴责;谴责;abandoned抛弃;抛
34、弃;adapted适应;适应;restricted限制。结合限制。结合“to a wheelchair in a nursing home”可知,母亲的晚年是在疗养院度可知,母亲的晚年是在疗养院度过的,由于身体的原因,被限制在轮椅里。过的,由于身体的原因,被限制在轮椅里。12.A 选项:选项:made制作;制作;admitted承认;承认;blamed责责备;备;celebrated庆祝。结合前文庆祝。结合前文“had no moneyhad no job”等可推断,母亲未能去到意大利、伦敦、阿等可推断,母亲未能去到意大利、伦敦、阿拉斯加或夏威夷。拉斯加或夏威夷。make it是固定用法,意为
35、是固定用法,意为“成功做成功做某事某事”。13.C 选项:选项:refused拒绝;拒绝;built建立;建立;remained留留待,尚待;待,尚待;explored探索。结合前文探索。结合前文“She never”可知,母亲的人生清单中很多的事都仍然是没有做的。可知,母亲的人生清单中很多的事都仍然是没有做的。14.D 选项:选项:achieving达到;达到;waiting等待;等待;checking检查;检查;believing相信。结合第相信。结合第15题可知,母亲认为,题可知,母亲认为,这种积极思考的人生态度是她能给作者最好的礼物。这种积极思考的人生态度是她能给作者最好的礼物。15.
36、B 选项:选项:chance机会;机会;gift礼物;礼物;message信息;信息;debt负债。见上题解析。负债。见上题解析。Jerry stared out of the window,worried.He had been studying hard and his exam 1 _(be)about to start.Although he had revised the same things again and again,he wasnt sure at all how 2 _(succeed)he would be.It had been his decision to ta
37、ke this optional computer programming course,3 _ didnt mean he wasnt eager to pass.whichsuccessfulwas语法填空语法填空 In fact,he wanted to get a good mark in the hope of becoming one of the software 4 _(design)in Microsoft Corporation.This was Jerrys golden opportunity,5 _ he felt his hand shaking as he pic
38、ked up his pen to write his name 6 _ the paper.The exam was 7 _(particular)important because he knew his future career might be at stake(在在紧要关头紧要关头).particularly but designers on He took 8 _ deep breath as he opened the exam paper 9 _(hand)to him.This was the moment of truth.Then he gave me a little
39、 grasp of relief.He knew the answers to all the questions;all his hard work had paid off.It was not long 10 _ he finished all the questions.beforehandeda Jerry为了实现做一名微软软件设计师的梦想,学为了实现做一名微软软件设计师的梦想,学习一直很努力。本文描述了习一直很努力。本文描述了Jerry参加考试时的心理。参加考试时的心理。1.was 根据上下文,此处描写过去的事情,所以应根据上下文,此处描写过去的事情,所以应用一般过去时态。用一般过
40、去时态。be about to do表示表示“即将做即将做”。2.successful 根据句式结构分析,所要填的词在句中根据句式结构分析,所要填的词在句中作表语,应用形容词。作表语,应用形容词。3.which 因因which在此处引导的是非限制性定语从句,在此处引导的是非限制性定语从句,在从句中作主语,指代前面的内容。在从句中作主语,指代前面的内容。4.designers 语境表示语境表示Jerry想成为微软公司的一名软想成为微软公司的一名软件设计师。所填词意为件设计师。所填词意为“设计师设计师”且表示复数含义。且表示复数含义。5.but 根据上下文逻辑关系,前后两句之间意义根据上下文逻辑关
41、系,前后两句之间意义上存在上存在“转折转折”关系。关系。6.on 语境表示在试卷上写上名字,故用介词语境表示在试卷上写上名字,故用介词on。7.particularly 空格处填的词在句中修饰形容词空格处填的词在句中修饰形容词important,故用副词。故用副词。8.a固定搭配固定搭配take a deep breath意为意为“深吸一口深吸一口气气”。9.handed 分析句子成分可知,宾语分析句子成分可知,宾语the exam paper与所给词与所给词hand之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词。故用过去分词。10.before 固定句式固定句式It was
42、 not long before意为意为“不久就不久就”。星期四星期四 考纲词汇复记强化考纲词汇复记强化 _ n.动机;积极性动机;积极性 _ vt.评价;评估评价;评估 _ n.欲望;渴望欲望;渴望 _ n.质量;品质质量;品质 _ n.承诺;保证承诺;保证 _ n.目标目标 _ adj.灵活的,可变通的灵活的,可变通的motivationevaluatedesirequalitycommitmentobjectiveflexible _ adj.具体的;明确的具体的;明确的 _ vt.重新考虑;再次评价重新考虑;再次评价 _ vt.使灰心,使泄气使灰心,使泄气 _ 对对表现极大兴趣表现极大
43、兴趣 _ 按照计划按照计划 _ 承担责任承担责任 _ 直面挑战直面挑战 _ 不断为梦不断为梦想而奋斗想而奋斗specificdiscouragereassessshow great interest inas scheduledshoulder responsibilityface challenges strive for ones dreams persistently七选五阅读七选五阅读 对答案对答案:G B A E C 这是一篇议论文。本文就如何设定目标给出这是一篇议论文。本文就如何设定目标给出了一些建议。了一些建议。1.G 上文讲的是上文讲的是“动机和目标设定是同一枚硬币动机和目标设
44、定是同一枚硬币的两面的两面”。下文说。下文说“就像在跳水板上的孩子,你会就像在跳水板上的孩子,你会犹豫不决犹豫不决”。G选项选项“没有动机,你就既不能设定没有动机,你就既不能设定一个好目标,也无法实现它。一个好目标,也无法实现它。”符合语境,故选符合语境,故选G。2.B 37题所选的句子是一个承上启下的过渡句。题所选的句子是一个承上启下的过渡句。上文强调了动机的重要性,下文提到上文强调了动机的重要性,下文提到“更重要的是,更重要的是,你应该如何保持动力来实现目标?你应该如何保持动力来实现目标?”。B选项选项“那那么你应该如何激励自己呢?么你应该如何激励自己呢?”符合语境,故选符合语境,故选B。
45、3.A 上文讲的是上文讲的是“有时候你的心不在工作上有时候你的心不在工作上”,既然心不在工作上,就会影响到你的工作,既然心不在工作上,就会影响到你的工作,A选项选项“这会影响你的工作。这会影响你的工作。”符合逻辑,故选符合逻辑,故选A。4.E 上文讲的是上文讲的是“记住,目标是灵活的记住,目标是灵活的”。E选项选项“它们会根据环境而改变它们会根据环境而改变”符合逻辑,故选符合逻辑,故选E。5.C 上文提到上文提到“你可能想成为一名飞行员,但你你可能想成为一名飞行员,但你因视力不够好而无法成为一名飞行员。因视力不够好而无法成为一名飞行员。”下文讲了下文讲了“你应该重新评估你的目标,并且设定一个新
46、的目你应该重新评估你的目标,并且设定一个新的目标标”。C选项选项“然而,这不应该让你气馁然而,这不应该让你气馁”承上启承上启下,符合语境,故选下,符合语境,故选C。书面表达书面表达 (2020年天津年天津7月月)假定你是李华,你校于假定你是李华,你校于6月月8日举办了成人礼活动,你的英国朋友日举办了成人礼活动,你的英国朋友Chris很很想了解该活动。你于当晚给想了解该活动。你于当晚给Chris回封电子邮件,回封电子邮件,介绍相关情况,内容包括:介绍相关情况,内容包括:1.成人礼活动内容成人礼活动内容(成长点滴回顾、观看校友抗成长点滴回顾、观看校友抗疫事迹录像等疫事迹录像等);2.对活动的感受;
47、对活动的感受;3.对自己未来的展望。对自己未来的展望。注意:注意:1.词数词数100左右;左右;2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考词汇:成人礼参考词汇:成人礼 the coming-of-age ceremony新冠肺炎新冠肺炎COVID-19Dear Chris,Im so glad to hear from you.Yours,Li HuaDear Chris,Im so glad to hear from you.Knowing that you showed great interest in the coming-of-age ceremony he
48、ld in our school,I am writing to briefly introduce it to you.As scheduled,the ceremony was held on June 8th.Not only did we look back on what we had gone through over the past three years,but also we watched touching videos about how our schoolmates fought against the COVID-19.Excitement and admirat
49、ion welled up within me.The coming-of-age ceremony marks saying goodbye to the past and expectations of the unknown future.What we should do is shoulder responsibility and face challenges just like our brave and selfless schoolmates.As we all know,nothing can be achieved without dedication and frust
50、ration.I hope I can remain optimistic and strive for my dreams persistently.The bright future is awaiting the determined!Yours,Li Hua星期五星期五 考纲词汇复记强化考纲词汇复记强化 _ n.时期;一段时间时期;一段时间 _ n.画廊;陈列室画廊;陈列室 _ adj.自私的自私的 _ n.细节;详情细节;详情 _ v.激励激励periodgalleryselfishdetailmotivate _ n.现象现象 _ 留出;拨出留出;拨出 _ 一位助教一位助教 _(在