1、The Object Clause宾语从句宾语从句The object clause宾语从句宾语从句定义：定义：复合句中，复合句中，放在动词或放在动词或介词后充当宾语的句子介词后充当宾语的句子叫宾叫宾语从句。语从句。宾语从句三要素：宾语从句三要素：一、一、引导词引导词 二、二、语序语序 三三、时态时态 四、四、if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句的引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别区别 五、宾语从句的反意疑问句五、宾语从句的反意疑问句 六、否定转移六、否定转移宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：一、引导词一、引导词（看从句）（看从句）从句是陈述句从句是陈述
2、句 (口语中常省略）口语中常省略）从句是一般疑问句从句是一般疑问句从句是特殊疑问句从句是特殊疑问句We know（that）we should learn from each other.Please tell me if/whether you have been to America.that if/whether（是否）（是否）wh/how(即特殊疑问词即特殊疑问词)Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?引导词是从句的一个成份，所以用哪个引导引导词是从句的一个成份，所以用哪个引导 词，看从句成份是词，看从句成份是否完整，否完整，
3、不完整不完整，一定是，一定是特殊疑问句特殊疑问句。完整完整，判断，判断主句主句语气，语气，是是疑问疑问语气，用语气，用if/whether;是是肯定语气肯定语气，用，用that.If/whether（是否）的区别（是否）的区别 一般情况下，一般情况下，if 和和whether可以互换，但以可以互换，但以下下4种情况只能用种情况只能用whether：在不定式前：在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided.在介词前：在介词前：It depends on(依靠依靠)whether it is going to rain.与与or not连用
4、：连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.做主语从句：做主语从句：Whether he is right isnt important.主语主语 从句是特殊疑问句从句是特殊疑问句,当主句的主语或宾语与当主句的主语或宾语与从句主语是一致从句主语是一致,可简化成可简化成:特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+to do.Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office？Can you tell me how to get to the nearest post office？二、语序二
5、、语序 Does he work hard？I wonder.I wonder if he works hard.或或I wonder whether he works hard.When did he leave？I dont know.I dont know when he left.陈述句语序陈述句语序即：即：连词主语谓语动词连词主语谓语动词陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈述语序。如：述语序。如：He is an honest boy.The teacher said.The teacher said（that）he was an honest
6、 boy.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：变为陈述语序。如：Whats the matter?(怎么了怎么了?)等等,在作宾语从句时在作宾语从句时,语序不变语序不变.如如:Could you tell me whats the matter?可以告诉我怎么了吗可以告诉我怎么了吗?三、时态 如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如：如：I have heard（that）he _(come)back next week.如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要
7、用过如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。去的某种时态。（看主句看主句）如：如：He said（that）there _(be)no classes yesterday.注意：注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时从句都要用一般现在时。如：如：He said that light travels much faster than sound.We wonder when he _(start)learning English.He told me he
8、_(can)swim.werecouldstartedwill comeThe teacher asked him what he _(do)at seven.was doingMy friend asked me when I _(leave)for Beijing.would leave或或 was leavingHe told me that he _(be)to Shanghai.had beenCould you tell me how he _(go)to school every day?goes四、四、if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别 1.
9、宾语从句:if when 2.状语从句:条件状语从句 if 时间状语从句 when 是否是否什么时候什么时候(即特殊疑问词即特殊疑问词)如果如果从句时态根据句意而定从句时态根据句意而定当当时时时态时态:主句一般将来时主句一般将来时/一般现在时一般现在时/祈使句祈使句/含情含情态动词态动词,从句一般现在时从句一般现在时.主句一般过去时主句一般过去时,从句一般过去时从句一般过去时.主要从汉语意思去区别，重点是时态运用。主要从汉语意思去区别，重点是时态运用。宾语从句六注意：宾语从句六注意：一、引导词一、引导词 if/whether区别区别 特殊疑问句的简化：疑问词特殊疑问句的简化：疑问词+to do
10、 二、语序二、语序 what is the matter?（怎么了？）语序不变（怎么了？）语序不变 三三、时态、时态 如宾语从句表客观真理或自然现象如宾语从句表客观真理或自然现象,仍用一般现在时仍用一般现在时 Could you tell me?四、四、if,when引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别引导宾语从句和状语从句的区别 五、反意疑问句五、反意疑问句 一般看主句一般看主句 Think,believe,suppose,guess等看从句等看从句 六、否定转移六、否定转移 在在think,believe,suppose,imagine等动词所跟的宾语中，如果从等动词所跟的宾语中，如果从句谓语是否
11、定的，一般要将否定词句谓语是否定的，一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上去，而转移至主句谓语上去，而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。如：将从句谓语改为肯定形式。如：I dont think he has time to play with girl.我认为他没时间和女孩玩。我认为他没时间和女孩玩。其它问题其它问题 did sheI dont think he is serious,_?is heI believe he can finish it on time,_?cant he否定的转移否定的转移：当主句的谓语动词是当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,guess,suppose等词等词
12、时，时，其后面的宾语从句的否定应转移到主句上。其后面的宾语从句的否定应转移到主句上。如：如：I dont think he is right.我认为他不对。我认为他不对。附加疑问句（反意疑问句）：附加疑问句（反意疑问句）：1.一般根据主句的谓语动词判断：一般根据主句的谓语动词判断：如：如：She didnt say that he would come here,_?2.当主句主语为当主句主语为I（我），主句动词为（我），主句动词为suppose,believe，think等，则根据从句判断，但肯、否定形式根据主句判断：等，则根据从句判断，但肯、否定形式根据主句判断：标点符号的确定标点符号的确
13、定：带有宾语从句的主从复合句的标点符号带有宾语从句的主从复合句的标点符号取决于主句取决于主句。主句是主句是 陈述句陈述句:。He asked me where I went just now.问句：问句：？Do you know when hell be back?1.填写合适的引导词填写合适的引导词 1 Can you tell me_you were born,Betty?A.who B.what C.when D.that 2 I dont know _ they have passed the exam.A.what B.if C.when D.where 3 I hardly und
14、erstand._ he has told me.A.that B.what C.which D.who 4 She didnt know_ back soon.A.whether he would be B.if would he be C.he will be 5.I dont know _ he still lives here after so many years.A.whether B where C.what D.when 6.Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening?A.what B when C why D how 7.
15、He asked me _told me the accident.A whom B which C who D whose 8.He asked his friend _ to go there or not.A.if B whether C.what D.that CCABBAAB2：用：用that,if/whether,how,where,what,.等等连接词填空连接词填空.1.I hear_ they will visit our school next week.2.Do you know_ the girl is?3.Could you tell me _I can get to
16、 the park?4.We thought _you had never been there before.5.Please tell me_ you live.6.Mother asked me _ I had finished my homework.thatwhohowthatwhereif/whether7.Do you know_ she is angry?8.The teacher asked_ your name was.9.Tom is ten.I want to know _ you are.10.He asked you_ you were a student or n
17、ot.whywhathow oldwhether3.下列宾语丛句的语序是否正确。下列宾语丛句的语序是否正确。1.I think that he will come to China next year.2.I want to know if he was at home yesterday.3.Can you tell me where does your mother work?4.Do you know who can answer the question?5.Please tell us where is the hospital?your mother works the hospi
18、tal is4.时态练习时态练习1 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A.took B.take C.takes D.will take2 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou.A.has never gone B.had never gone C.has never been D.had never been3 Could you tell me whether they_ dictation today.A.had B.has.C.will have D.are4 She
19、asked Linda if_ go and get some.A.could she B.she could C.she can D.she may5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.A.traveled B.has traveled C.travels D.had traveledADCBCCould you tell me+宾语从句？表达的是委婉宾语从句？表达的是委婉的语气，是一般现在时。的语气，是一般现在时。5.If/when 区别练习区别练习:1.If it _(rain)tomorrow，I wont come.2.He didnt tel
20、l me if it _(rain)tomorrow.3.I dont know if he _(come)tomorrow.If he_(come),Ill tell you.4.When it _(stop)raining,well go swimming.5.Could you tell me when the film _(start)?Ill leave for a moment.would rainrainswill comecomesstopswill start如果如果是否是否是否是否如果如果当当.的时候的时候什么时候什么时候 Translate the following s
21、entences.1.我认为不会下雨我认为不会下雨 I _ that it _.2.我认为你的答案不对我认为你的答案不对.I _your answer right.我们相信他还没走？我们相信他还没走？We _ that he _.宾语从句的否定转移：宾语从句的否定转移：如果主句的谓语动词是如果主句的谓语动词是 think,believe,guess,suppose 等，等，而且主句的主语又是第一人称时，它后面接的宾语从句的而且主句的主语又是第一人称时，它后面接的宾语从句的否定词通常要前移到主句中，即否定主语中的动词否定词通常要前移到主句中，即否定主语中的动词 dont think will r
22、aindont thinkisdont believe has gone综合练习综合练习(各地中考题各地中考题)1.In the bookshop,a reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.A.that B.how C.what D.if 2.-I dont know _ Mr.Green will come to see us.-He will help us with our English.A.why B.when C.how D.where 3.-We never know
23、_ the old m an is.-They say he is a teacher.A.what B.who C.which D.where 4.I was told _ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers.A.that how B.how that C.when that D.that when 5.-Do you know _?Im going to see him.-Sorry,I dont know.A.where does Mr.Li live B.where did Mr.Li live C.where
24、 Mr.Li lives D.where Mr.Li lived 6-W here do you think _ he _ the computer?-Sorry,I have no idea.A.;bought B.has;bought C.did;buy D.does;buy 7.I dont feel very well.Mum asked me _ this morning.A.what the matter is B.what is wrong C.what the matter was D.what was the matter 8.-Where is Jack?-He is aw
25、ay to spend his holiday.Hes gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan,but Im not sure _.A.that B.which C.where D.there DAAADDCC谁动了我了奶酪谁动了我了奶酪练习：练习：将下列各句合并成宾语从句。将下列各句合并成宾语从句。1.What is his name?I dont know _2.When did you begin to study English?I didnt know _3.It is important to learn English.The teacher said _4.Does he live in that street?Could you tell me_what his name is.when you began to study English.it was important to learn English.if he lives in that street.Thanks
