1、【话题词汇话题词汇】1masterpiece n杰作杰作2salon n 沙龙沙龙3exhibition n 展览展览4inspiration n 灵感；启发灵感；启发5realism n 现实主义现实主义6mirror v 反映反映7best seller 畅销书畅销书8work of art 艺术作品艺术作品9full shot 全景全景10popular literature 大众文学大众文学【经典语篇经典语篇】鲁滨逊漂流记鲁滨逊漂流记是英国丹尼尔是英国丹尼尔笛福笛福(Daniel Defoe)写的一部著名写的一部著名小说。请根据下列要点写一篇简短的书评。小说。请根据下列要点写一篇简短的
2、书评。1.该书出版于该书出版于1719年，它是一本最流行的历险小说之一；年，它是一本最流行的历险小说之一；2.简述小说的主要故事情节；简述小说的主要故事情节；3.该书一部分是根据该书一部分是根据18世纪苏格兰水手世纪苏格兰水手Alexander Selkirk的事迹写的事迹写的；的；4.小说描写细致实际，引人入胜。小说描写细致实际，引人入胜。注意：词数注意：词数100左右。左右。参考词汇：自给自足的参考词汇：自给自足的selfsufficient；食人肉的野人；食人肉的野人cannibal【佳作欣赏佳作欣赏】A Review of Robinson Crusoe Robinson Crusoe
3、 is one of the most popular adventurous novels by the English author Daniel Defoe，published in 1719.It is the story of Robinson Crusoe，an Englishman who is shipwrecked in a lonely tropical island.He builds himself a hut，grows his own food，and becomes selfsufficient.After_23_years_he_meets_with_a_gro
4、up_of_cannibals_and _ r e s c u e s _ o n e _ o f _ t h e i r _ p r i s o n e r s，a_young_native_whom_he_calls_Friday.Crusoe and his“man”F r i d a y b e c o m e c l o s e f r i e n d s，a n d when_they_are_finally_rescued_four_years_later，both_of_them_return_to_England.Robinson Crusoe was partly base
5、d on the actual deeds of Alexander Selkirk，an 18thcentury Scottish sailor who spent almost five years alone on a desert island.This_novel_is_famous_for_its_lovely_details_and_its_expression_of_belief_in_mans_ability_when_left_alone_in_nature.【思维发散】1将第句改为复合句 _ _ 2同义句改写第句 _ _ 3将第句改为简单句 _ 4将第句补充完整 _ _【
6、答案】1.Robinson Crusoe is one of the most popular adventurous novels by the English author Daniel Defoe，which was published in 1719.2After 23 years he meets with a group of cannibals and rescues one of their prisoners，a young native called Friday by him.3Rescued four years later，both of them return to
7、 England.4This novel is famous for its lovely details and its expression of belief in mans ability when he is left alone in nature.核心单词核心单词单词运用单词运用1.annual adj.每年的每年的2.extreme adj.极端的，极度的极端的，极度的3.trap v储存，留存；使陷入困境储存，留存；使陷入困境4.balance v使平衡使平衡5.depressing adj.令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的6.minimum n最少量；最小数最少
8、量；最小数7.privilege n荣幸荣幸8.befriend v对待对待如朋友如朋友9.depth n深度；深度；deep adj.深的深的deepen；v.加深；使变深加深；使变深10.promote v促进；增进；促进；增进；promotion n促进；促销促进；促销11.abnormal adj.不正常的，反常的；不正常的，反常的；normal adj.(反义词反义词)正正常的常的12.absence n缺乏；没有；缺乏；没有；absent adj.缺席的缺席的13.discourage v阻止；打消阻止；打消的念头；的念头；encourage v鼓鼓励；励；courage n勇气；
9、信心勇气；信心14.emergency n紧急情况；突发事情；紧急情况；突发事情；emergent adj.出现出现的；新兴的；的；新兴的；emerge v出现；显现出来出现；显现出来15.reliability n可靠性；可靠性；reliable adj.可靠的可靠的16.inspiration n鼓舞；启示；灵感；鼓舞；启示；灵感；inspire v鼓舞鼓舞语境助记语境助记词不离句，句不离段词不离句，句不离段 He befriended every stranger he met and he was very modest about his achievements.He was se
10、ldom absent from work and he worked hard，so he was soon promoted.It encouraged us greatly that he showed remarkable courage when dealing with an emergency.He was a constant inspiration to us.用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空1.Its not reliable(reliability)to judge a man only by his looks.2.The bill would permit
11、 workers twelve weeks of unpaid leave for family emergencies(emerge)3.Soon afterwards，he made his first public statement(state)about the affair to clear others misunderstanding of him.4.With inspiration(inspire)from other food cultures，American food culture can take a turn for the better.5.This even
12、ing desert exploration(explore)includes an exciting drive，a camel ride and Arabic food and music.6.Most mental illness is recognized only from the patients abnormal(normal)behaviours.7.I dont like wearing the black uniform during work.Seeing the depressing colour，I feel very depressed.(depress)8.Fro
13、m his discouraged look，I judged he wasnt hired，which was really discouraging.But I still encouraged him to go to other companies to try his fortune.(discourage).单词拼写单词拼写1.The film was a huge commercial(商业的商业的)success.2.As a new teacher，Susan tried to promote(促进促进)good feelings between students and h
14、er.3.She had the time and the inspiration(灵感灵感)to develop her talent.4.Quick！Call an ambulance！This is an emergency(紧急紧急情况情况)！5.The club members have the privilege(特权特权)of using the lending service of the library.高频短语高频短语短语运用短语运用1.on_average平均平均2.adapt_to 使适应使适应3.in_the_form_of 以以形形式式4.be_trapped_in
15、 陷入陷入5.stand_out 引人注目，突出引人注目，突出6.set_foot_on 进入，到达进入，到达7.in_particular 特别地特别地e_into_sight 进入视野进入视野e_up_with 想出；提供想出；提供10.keep_ones_promise 信守信守诺言诺言11.discourage_sb.from_doing_sth.阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事12.in_case_of 如果；假使如果；假使用高频短语的适当形式填空用高频短语的适当形式填空1.Their goal is to share a special meal that stands_out fro
16、m other meals.2.When you set_foot_on a new country，you have to learn to get used to a whole new way of life.3.As a disabled man，I have learned to adapt_to my disability.4.You had better book rooms at the hotel in advance in_case you should find no room on your arrival.5.I believe it is the only solu
17、tion to this problem.Thats debatable，I think.I can come_up_with five other solutions as good as that.6.When you keep_your_promise，no matter how much effort it takes，you will be rewarded.常用句型常用句型句型运用句型运用Not_until_the_late_18th_century_did_the_British_explorer_James_Cook_cross_the_Antarctic_Circle，but
18、 he never saw land.【信息提取信息提取】not until的句式使用Not until we pointed out their fault to them _.直到我们向他们指出了他们的直到我们向他们指出了他们的错误，他们才意识到。错误，他们才意识到。【答案答案】did they realize it重点语法：复习主语和动词重点语法：复习主语和动词.动词填空动词填空valueenjoytake intake up1.If you dont _ the advice of your teachers，youll regret it sooner or later.2.Some
19、 students find it hard to _ the new teachers dialect.主语填空主语填空neitheronebothshe3.I sent a wedding invitation to a friend，but unfortunately _ couldnt attend my wedding ceremony.4.You ran into Mr.Li！How did that happen？Well，_ of us was looking where we were going.5._ of the three questions that have be
20、en asked by the students has been solved.【答案答案】1.value2.take in3.she4.neither5.One词汇突破词汇突破1trap(1)vt.储存，留存；被困住储存，留存；被困住Because of global warming，the Earth is warmed by gases trapped in the atmosphere.因为全球变暖，地球被困在大气层中的气体变热了。因为全球变暖，地球被困在大气层中的气体变热了。(2)vt.使陷入困境使陷入困境Some miners were trapped underground a
21、fter the collapse.塌方后，有些矿工被困在地下。塌方后，有些矿工被困在地下。(3)vt.&vi.设陷阱捕捉；设陷阱；设圈套设陷阱捕捉；设陷阱；设圈套The bear was trapped.那只熊被陷阱所困。那只熊被陷阱所困。He made his living by trapping.他以捕捉野兽为生。他以捕捉野兽为生。(4)n.陷阱；圈套陷阱；圈套The police set a trap to catch the thief.警察设下了捉拿窃贼的圈套。警察设下了捉拿窃贼的圈套。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】be trapped in被困在被困在里面里面【温馨提示温馨提示】作状语或定
22、语时，要用作状语或定语时，要用trapped in.写出下列句子中划线部分的含义写出下列句子中划线部分的含义The hunter set_traps to catch foxes._I knew perfectly well it was a_trap._The police trapped_him_into_telling_the_truth._Many women are_trapped_in loveless marriages._【答案答案】设陷阱设陷阱一个陷阱一个陷阱设圈套使他招供设圈套使他招供陷入陷入 高考链接(2016北京卷，B)Teenagers climbed dozens
23、of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people _(trap)in powerless highrise buildings.【答案】trapped2balance(1)vt.使平衡；权衡使平衡；权衡Can you balance yourself on skates?你穿冰鞋能保持平衡吗？你穿冰鞋能保持平衡吗？She balanced the attractions of a high salary against the prospect of working long hours.她对高薪和长工时两者的利弊
24、作了权衡比较。她对高薪和长工时两者的利弊作了权衡比较。(2)n.天平；平衡天平；平衡I lost my balance and fell.我身体失去平衡，摔了一跤。我身体失去平衡，摔了一跤。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】巧学助记巧学助记完成句子完成句子You have to_ the disadvantages.你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。_ is very important for you to keep healthy.平衡饮食对你保持健康非常重要。平衡饮食对你保持健康非常重要。【答案答案】balance the advantages of living i
25、n the countryside againstA balanced diet 高考链接(2016四川卷，C)These local citizens now have to_(balance)their traditional selfsupporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the modern French Republic，which brings with it not only necessary state welfare，but also alcoholism，betrayal and even su
26、icide.【答案】balance3promote(1)vt.&vi.促进；增进；促销促进；增进；促销The Prime Ministers visit will promote the cooperation between the two countries.首相的访问将促进两国间的合作。首相的访问将促进两国间的合作。Your job is to promote the new product.你的工作是促销这一新产品。你的工作是促销这一新产品。(2)vt.&vi.晋升晋升He has been promoted to general manager.他已被提升为总经理。他已被提升为总经理
27、。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】用用promote的适当形式填空的适当形式填空It appears to reduce pressure and _ a sense of wellbeing.She worked hard and was soon _ from a saleswoman to a manager.Do you have any idea about how to _ the sales of this product?The new job is a _ for him.【答案答案】promotepromotedpromotepromotion4privilege n特权；特别待遇特权
28、；特别待遇 v给予给予特权特权He said that it was a privilege for him to help Rose.他说能帮助他说能帮助Rose是难得的机会。是难得的机会。Certain privileges went with their position.某些特权是与他们的地位相对应的。某些特权是与他们的地位相对应的。The president granted the prisoner the privilege of seeing his wife and children.总统准予这个囚犯有看望妻子和孩子的特权。总统准予这个囚犯有看望妻子和孩子的特权。In some
29、 countries，the president can privilege somebody from capital punishment.在有些国家里，总统可以特赦一些人免于死刑。在有些国家里，总统可以特赦一些人免于死刑。We are privileged to have a distinguished guest with us tonight.我我们今晚有幸与一位贵宾在一起。们今晚有幸与一位贵宾在一起。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】句型转换句型转换I was privileged to be a volunteer of the London Olympics.I _ a volunteer
30、of the London Olympics.Only members have the privilege to use the playground.Only members _ the playground.【答案答案】have the privilege to behave the privilege of using 5discourage vt.&vi.阻止；打消阻止；打消念头；使失去信心念头；使失去信心They discouraged me from taking that step.他们劝阻我采取那个步骤。他们劝阻我采取那个步骤。We discourage smoking in
31、 this school.我们阻止在这所学校里吸烟。我们阻止在这所学校里吸烟。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】discourage sb.from doing sth.劝某人不要做某事；使某人失去做某事的信心劝某人不要做某事；使某人失去做某事的信心discouraged adj.感到泄气的感到泄气的discouraging adj.令人泄气的令人泄气的discouragement n沮丧，气馁，泄气，使人泄气的事物沮丧，气馁，泄气，使人泄气的事物encourage vt.鼓励鼓励encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事鼓励某人做某事 巧学助记巧学助记多维训练多维训练(1)单句语法填空单
32、句语法填空If you meet with any difficulty in your study,dont be _(discourage)The examination result is _(discourage)His parents tried _(discourage)his interest in music，but he persisted.The loud music was a _(discourage)to conversation.We tried to discourage him _ climbing the mountain without a guide.He
33、 was discouraged from _(marry)the girl by his mother.(2)单句改错 He was discouraged going there alone._ Unfortunately，what is coming out of the US is desperately discouraged._【答案】(1)discourageddiscouragingto discouragediscouragementfrommarrying(2)discouraged后加fromdiscourageddiscouraging6state n状态，形势；州，国
34、家，政府状态，形势；州，国家，政府 vt.陈述，声明，说明陈述，声明，说明adj.官方的；国家官方的；国家(州州)的的Antarctica holds 90%of the worlds ice,and most of its fresh water(70%)is in a frozen state.南极洲拥有世界南极洲拥有世界90%的冰，当然其大部分淡水的冰，当然其大部分淡水(70%)都处于一种都处于一种冰冻状态。冰冻状态。If elected，they want to cut back the powers of the state.如果当选，他们想削减政府的权力。如果当选，他们想削减政府的
35、权力。Water exists in three states：liquid，gas and solid.水有三种状态：液态，气态和固态。水有三种状态：液态，气态和固态。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】The roads are in a terrible state after the severe winter weather.严冬过后，这些公路的路况极差。严冬过后，这些公路的路况极差。The company will make a statement about the accident later today.那家公司将在今天晚些时候对这一事故发表声明。那家公司将在今天晚些时候对这一事故发表声明。
36、完成句子完成句子He wished me to appear at that place，and _ of the fact.他希望我能到那地方去，对这件事作一个恰如其分的陈述。他希望我能到那地方去，对这件事作一个恰如其分的陈述。【答案答案】make a suitable statement高考链接高考链接(2016四川卷，四川卷，C)These local citizens now have to balance their traditional selfsupporting hunting lifestyle with the lifestyle offered by the moder
37、n French Republic，which brings with it not only necessary_(state)welfare，but also alcoholism，betrayal and even suicide.【答案答案】state 短语聚焦 1break up(1)结束；停止；解散 The party broke up at midnight.晚会在午夜结束。He broke up the fight between the two gangs.他制止了两伙人打架。(2)打破；弄碎；拆开打破；弄碎；拆开She broke up the glass in her s
38、earch for money.她在找钱时把玻璃打碎了。她在找钱时把玻璃打碎了。(3)(学校期终学校期终)放假放假The boys will break up for the Christmas vacation next week.孩子们下周放圣诞假。孩子们下周放圣诞假。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】break down分解；毁掉；出故障；分解；毁掉；出故障；(身体身体)垮掉垮掉break in破门而入；打断破门而入；打断break into 破门而入；突然破门而入；突然起来起来Hearing the news，he broke into tears.一听到这消息他突然哭起来了。一听到这消息他突然哭起
39、来了。break out 爆发；发生爆发；发生break away from脱离；挣脱脱离；挣脱break through突围；突破突围；突破多维训练多维训练(1)观察句子，写出黑体部分的含义观察句子，写出黑体部分的含义The space shuttle Challenger broke up in the air._The meeting didnt break up until deep at night._Did you know that Kate broke up with her boyfriend？_The police came running and broke up the
40、 crowd._When does the school break up for the summer holidays？_(2)完成句子完成句子The computer system _ suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.当他在网上找信息时，电脑系统突然出故障了。当他在网上找信息时，电脑系统突然出故障了。After a fire _ in the lab,a lot of equipment was damaged.实验室发生火灾后，很多设备被毁。实验室发生火灾后，很多设备被毁。【答案答案】(1)
41、解体解体结束结束分手分手驱散驱散放假放假(2)broke downbroke out 高考链接(2016北京卷)Norton Sound was covered with ice，which could sometimes_(结束)without warning.If that happened，Seppala might fall into the icy water below.【答案】break up2in case of sth./in case(that)(1)如果；假使。表示条件。如果；假使。表示条件。In case of any difficulty，call me at onc
42、e.如有任何困难，立即找我。如有任何困难，立即找我。In case it rains，do not expect me.如果天下雨，就不要指望我来了。如果天下雨，就不要指望我来了。(2)以防。表示目的。以防。表示目的。I have kept a reserve fund in case of accidents.我已筹备了一笔准备基金以防不测。我已筹备了一笔准备基金以防不测。【归纳拓展归纳拓展】as is often the case这是常有的事这是常有的事as the case may be看情况，根据具体情况而定看情况，根据具体情况而定be the case with的情况是的情况是in
43、any case无论如何，总之无论如何，总之in no case 决不决不in that(this)case 如果是那样如果是那样(这样这样)的话的话It/This is not the case.情况不是这样。情况不是这样。just in case以防万一以防万一完成句子完成句子_(对他来说这是常有的事对他来说这是常有的事)，he was late for class.Keep the windows closed _(以防下雨以防下雨)In no case_(注意到那件事注意到那件事)_(不管怎样不管怎样)，a lot can be accomplished by a smile and
44、good manners.Please inform me in advance _(如果有什么变化如果有什么变化)【答案答案】As is often the case with himin case it rains/(should)rainhave I noticed that/the matterIn any casein case of any change句型精析句型精析Not_until_the_late_18th_century_did_the_British_explorer_James_Cook_cross_the_Antarctic_Circle，but he never
45、saw land.直到直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯库克才穿越了南极圈，但他库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发现任何陆地。却从未发现任何陆地。该句是一个倒装句，其相当于：该句是一个倒装句，其相当于：The British explorer James Cook didnt cross the Antarctic Circle until the late 18th century，but he never saw land.1)not until.did主语主语 直到直到才才.until.直到直到的时候的时候not.until.直到直到才才Not until midni
46、ght did he go to bed.He didnt go to bed until midnight.It wasnt until midnight that he went to bed.直到半夜直到半夜(以后以后)他才上床睡觉。他才上床睡觉。【温馨提示温馨提示】Not until.句式要与句式要与It was not until.that.句式区句式区别清楚，后者不用倒装语序。如上面两句改为别清楚，后者不用倒装语序。如上面两句改为It强调句则是：强调句则是：It was not until the teacher came in that the students stopped
47、talking.It is not until next week that the sports meet will be held.2)在句型在句型“主句主句until/till时间状语从句或状语时间状语从句或状语”中，尤其应注中，尤其应注意以下几点：意以下几点：主句中动词是非延续性动词，如主句中动词是非延续性动词，如leave，graduate，break等时，等时，必须用否定形式。必须用否定形式。主句中动词是延续性动词，肯定、否定形式都可以，但意义完主句中动词是延续性动词，肯定、否定形式都可以，但意义完全不同。肯定句表示动作或状态的结束，否定句表示动作或状态全不同。肯定句表示动作或状态
48、的结束，否定句表示动作或状态的开始。的开始。You are to stay here until/till your mother comes back.你要待到你妈妈回来。你要待到你妈妈回来。Until then，I knew nothing at all about it.直到那时，我对那件事还一无所知。直到那时，我对那件事还一无所知。Not_until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.直到河里的鱼都死了，村民们才意识到污染的严重性。直到河里的鱼都死
49、了，村民们才意识到污染的严重性。It_was_not_until today that it was made publicly.那件事直到今天才被公布出来。那件事直到今天才被公布出来。句型转换句型转换We didnt leave until the rain stopped._ the rain stopped _ we leave.He wont go to bed until his mother comes back._ his mother comes back _ he go to bed.He didnt know about it until we told him.(倒装句倒
50、装句)_ we told him _ he know about it.(强调句强调句)It _ we told him _ he knew about it.【答案答案】Not untildidNot untilwillNot untildid was not untilthat编后语 听课不仅要动脑，还要动口。这样，上课就能够主动接受和吸收知识，把被动的听课变成了一种积极、互动的活动。这对提高我们的学习积极性和口头表达能力，以及考试时回答主观题很有帮助的。实践证明，凡积极举手发言的学生，学习进步特别快。上课的动口，主要有以下几个方式：第一，复述。课本上和老师讲的内容，有些往往非常专业和生硬
