1、 BY G.ZPara1Para 2Para 3Para 4Para 5Para 6The reason for word borrowingThe development of word borrowingAgainstForRevision of the lecture:Language points Para11.This comes as no surprise.2.be not alone.3.borrowed words.毫不奇怪并不唯一舶来词/借来词/外来词Long sentences1.This comes as no surprise,given that English h
2、as borrowed words from more than 300 different languages,including Latin,Greek,French and Chinese.这并不奇怪这并不奇怪,因为英语中有超过因为英语中有超过300300种语言的外来词种语言的外来词,包括拉丁语、包括拉丁语、希腊语、法语和汉语。希腊语、法语和汉语。拓拓:这里讲的是条件状语从句中条件状语从句中的特殊引导词given that。条件状语从句的引导词还有assuming that、considering that、suppose/supposing that、providing/provide
3、d that等,表示一种假设条件,意为“假如假如,除非除非,以以为条件为条件”。Look,suppose you lost your job tomorrow,what would you do?假设你明天失业了假设你明天失业了,你怎么办你怎么办?Provided that there is no opposition,we shall hold the meeting here.如果没有人反对如果没有人反对,我们就在这里开会我们就在这里开会。练：练：完成句子完成句子you promise not to tell anyone else,Ill explain the secret to yo
4、u.如果你保证不告诉其他人如果你保证不告诉其他人,我就把这个秘密解释给你听。我就把这个秘密解释给你听。Provided/Providing/Suppose/Supposing/Assuming(that)GivenPe about2.interact with sb3.tend to do sth4.in the current age of globalization5.at a faster pace6.those technological developmentsrelated to发生与互动往往/通常做某事在当前的全球化时代以更快的速度那些与科技发展有关系的外来词7.Word bor
5、rowing comes about.Though borrowing words has become faster The borrowed word is only used by bilingual speakers.8.The phenomenon has been occurring for thousands of years.9.Words are more likely to be borrowed straight from the source language at a faster pace.词汇借用借用词汇借用词一直在发生词汇更有可能比以往任何时候更快的速度直接从源
6、语言中借用1.融入，合并2双语者3最初的语言4随着时间的推移5A被B替代6某物在被使用中7.指的是be integrated intobilingual speakersthe original languageover timeA be replaced with Bsth be in userefer toPara 3.Phrases 1.The process is still complex.2.spread to people who.3.chang the pronunciation to fit the way they speak,almost unknowingly.4.re
7、fer to.5.The longer a borrowed word has been in use,the more it sounds and even looks like the native language.过程依然复杂传播给了.的人几乎在不知不觉中改变发音，以适应他们说话的方式 谈到；提到；查阅；涉及；提交处理 一个外来词使用的时间越长，它听起来甚至看起来就越像母语指.，表示;关于;有关;Para 3.1是某事的结果2反对做某事3从.采纳4.在这种情况下5.一个生存的问题6抵制外来影响be an outcome of sth be opposed to/oppose doing
8、 sth adopt.from.under this circumstancePhrases in Para.4.a matter of survival reject outside influencesPara.4.Important sentences.1.Borrowed words are an outcome of language development that can hardly be avoided.2.some language communities oppose adopting words from other cultures.3.make interventi
9、ons to keep their native language pure in order to defend their identity.4.a matter of.借来语言是语言发展几乎难以避免的结果一些语言群体反对从其他文化吸收词汇采取干预措施，以保持其母语的纯正，以捍卫其身份是.的问题a matter of life and/or death 生死攸关的事 It is also through those words that novel ideas are spread and different beliefs are exchanged more conveniently
10、and quickly.也正是通过那些词，新思想的传播、不同观点的交流得以更加便捷。也正是通过那些词，新思想的传播、不同观点的交流得以更加便捷。分析：分析：这个句子使用了强调句型。其构成为：It is/was+被强调部分+that+其余的部分。I saw her in the street yesterday.昨天在大街上我看见她了。It was I that saw her in the street yesterday.昨天在大街上是我看见她了。It was her that I saw in the street yesterday.昨天在大街上我看见的是她。It was in the
11、street that I saw her yesterday.昨天是在大街上我看见她了。It was yesterday that I saw her in the street.是昨天我在大街上看见他了。1)It was for this reason _ he decided to choose the task and finish it on his own.2)It was her friend _ Mary came across in the bookstore yesterday.3)_ was not until the train pulled into the stat
12、ion that he found his suitcase was gone.4)直到他开口说话我才认出他。_ I recognized him.5)我想知道你是什么时候开始意识到他的错误。I wonder _.when it was that you came to realize his mistakethatthat/who ItIt was not until he spoke thatPara.5.1.be pessimistic about.2.readily welcome borrowed words 3.be based on.4.a mix of.5.does not h
13、esitate about absorbing foreign words into its daily vocabulary.对.悲观欣然欢迎外来词readily乐意地,爽快地:快速地,便利地:犹豫地吸收外来词汇到日常词汇中基于./以为基础的混合absorb sth into sth.把.吸收到.里The drug is quickly absorbed into the bloodstream.药物迅速被血液吸收流遍全身。Our countryside is increasingly being absorbed by/into the large cities.我们越来越多的农村地区正被
14、大城市蚕食掉。6.formal academic restrictions on.7.with new-found ease.8.novel ideas 9.more conveniently.new-found新获得的刚获得的轻松关于关于.正式的学术抵制正式的学术抵制新思想novel.新的;新颖的;新奇的:（长篇）小说更方便Protesters found a novel way of demonstrating against steeply rising oil prices.抗议者找到了抗议油价飞涨的新办法。Para.6.1.It would be difficult to point
15、 to a completely isolated language.很难找到一种完全孤立的语言point to.表明 Everything points to a bright future for us all.种种迹象表明我们都有光明的前途。isolate adj.孤立的，个别的;偏僻的;孤单的，孤独的Many of the refugee villages are in isolated areas.很多难民村落都在偏远地区。Some patients may become very isolated and depressed.一些病人可可能变得非常孤独沮丧。There were o
16、nly a few isolated cases of violent behaviour.只有几次个别的暴力事件。2.For better or for worse.3.The tendency to borrow words has never gone out of style.4.The more international and globalized the world becomes,the more language characteristics will be shared between nations and cultures.无论好坏，不管怎样Anyway,for b
17、etter or for worse,I followed her advice.不管结果会怎样，我还是听从了她的建议。借词趋势从未过时过时世界变得越国际化越全球化，语言特征就越会在民族和文化之间共享。The more international and globalized the world becomes,the more language characteristic will be shared between nations and cultures.The longer you wait,the more difficult it will be.分析：分析：“the+比较级（+
18、主语+谓语+其他），the+比较级（+主语+谓语+其他）”表示“越，越”。The sooner,the better.越快越好。The more noble,the more humble.谚 人越高尚，越谦虚。The better I knew him,the more I liked him.我越了解他，就越喜欢他。The faster you run,the better it will be.你跑得越快越好。注：通常前一个“the+比较级”相当于条件状语从句，后一个“the+比较级”相当于主句。该句型中，比较级如果修饰了名词，则要把这个名词和比较级一起放到最前面，后面跟句子的其余部分。
19、The harder you study,the greater progress you will make.你学习越努力，你就会取得越大的进步。“比较级+比较级”或“more and more+多音节形容词/副词”表示“越来越”。The days are getting shorter and shorter in winter.冬天，白天变得越来越短了。Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的国家变得越来越漂亮了。The old man needed help more and more frequently.那位老人越来越频
20、繁地需要帮助。典题赏析：典题赏析：1)_ the war lasts,_ the people there will suffer.战争持续的越久，那儿的人们受难就越多。2)_ you study,_ you will be for your future life.你学得越多，你为将来的生活准备得就越好。3)The little boy is getting _ sports.那个小男孩对体育越来越感兴趣了。4)Summer is coming,the days are getting _.夏天来了，白天变得越来越长了。The longerthe moreThe morethe better preparedmore and more interested inlonger and longer
