1、 【通用版】高一英语期中复习：阅读理解说明文15套练习题汇编一、文章类型英语说明文与其他文体一样，文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面，即who what when where how why。 说明文是对事物或事理进行客观解释的一种文体。它以解释为主要的表达方式，通过解释事物或澄清事物来达到教人知识的目的。说明文的特点是客观、简洁、准确、清晰，文章很少表达作者的情感倾向。在结构上，常采用总分法和递进法，按一定的顺序(如时间、空间、从现象到本质)进行说明。 近五年来，说明文的变化不大，一直非常稳定，选材通常是各学科的问题；高新技术领域的科研成果；人们关心的社会问题；人文学科的经典之作等。由于阅读
2、理解题的设置采用渐进式，即从简单到困难的方式，所以说明文是高考试卷中相对较难的阅读理解题。C篇较多考察说明文。二、满分技巧记住前面的wh-word。边阅读，边搜记，牢记要点，把握全文 。说明文的重点在于读懂它说明的事物或事理，了解事物的性质、结构、形成原因、功能；了解事物的意义和特征等。1. 重视文章标题，找准全文主题句，把握文章主旨。 2. 细读文章，注意文章细节理解。 3. 理解整体语篇，掌握作者意图。 4. 多读多背，扩大词汇量，掌握猜词技巧。 【课中练习】 Passage 1Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to impr
3、ove physical fitness and sustain (保持) a healthy lifestyle. Group exercise is challenging, yet fun! Of course everyone knows that exercise is good for the body. However, studies have shown that when exercise is performed in groups, its not only great for improving physical health but for psychologica
4、l health. Its an opportunity to be social and improve your strength. Additionally, group exercise creates a community feel and the shared common goal inspire people to work hard.Another beneficial aspect of group exercise is the informational support people receive from the instructor. Many people f
5、ear the gym because they feel lost and dont want to embarrass themselves. If you feel that way, then group training is an even better option for you. Its a great opportunity to learn more about fitness through the clear instruction of a fitness instructor. If youre tired of wandering around the gym
6、wasting time and becoming bored, you can attend an upbeat group fitness class that will keep your workout on track. Dont let fitness frighten you!If youre serious about wanting to live a healthy lifestyle, its extremely important to surround yourself with people wholl provide you with the proper emo
7、tional support. Surround yourself with people who encourage and understand you! Make fitness even more fun by trying something new or any group fitness class with a friend. Plan to go for a jog together. Then try a fun healthy restaurant or fresh juice bar! Fitness can be both fun and social!Surroun
8、ding yourself with people wholl provide you with respect support can be very beneficial while working towards reaching health and fitness goals. First, decide to do it for yourself and work towards staying positive. Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive.（2019-2020, 山东师大
9、附中高一上12月月考，C）1.【】Why is group exercise more beneficial according to Paragraph 1?A. It can help set practical goals.B. It can improve physical fitness.C. It can reduce stress and anxiety.D. It can create a sense of belonging. 2. 【】What does the underlined word “upbeat” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A.
10、 Peaceful. B. Boring. C. Cheerful. D. Annoying.3. 【】What can be learnt from the text?A. Support from friends matters.B. Doing sports alone is harmful.C. We should often eat out with friends.D. Jogging is the most beneficial sport.4. 【】What may be the best title for the text?A. Ways to do group exerc
11、iseB. Group exercise, better healthC. Without friends, without healthD. Benefits of doing exercise【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了团体运动的好处，和其他人一起运动可以和他人进行交流，从而获得支持，也能够得到一些无形的好处。团体运动是改善身体状况的最有效的方法之一，并有益于保持健康的生活方式。作者主要从三个方面说明了团体运动的好处。1.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Additionally, group exercise creates a community feel an
12、d the shared common goal inspire people to work hard.可知，此外，团体运动创造了一种社区感觉和共同的目标激励人们努力工作。由此可知，团体运动可以创造一种归属感，所以更有益。故选D。2.【答案】C 【解析】词义猜测题。根据后文that will keep your workout on track.可知如果你厌倦了在健身房里浪费时间和无聊，参加一个乐观的团体健身班可以让你的锻炼保持在正轨上。故划线单词意思为“乐观的，快乐的”。故选C。3.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句If youre serious about wanting
13、to live a healthy lifestyle, its extremely important to surround yourself with people wholl provide you with the proper emotional support.可知如果你真的想要过一种健康的生活方式，和那些能给你提供适当情感支持的人在一起是非常重要的。由此可知，朋友的感情支持很重要。故选A。4.【答案】B【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical fi
14、tness and sustain a healthy lifestyle.可知团体运动是提高身体素质和保持健康生活方式的最有效方法之一。结合下文内容可推断，文章的主要内容是在说团体运动的好处，团体运动包含的好处主要是因为大家在一起运动，不仅生理上会有一些好处，而且团队内其他成员会给你支持，教练也会给你们一些信息上的支持。故B选项“团体运动，身体更健康”符合文章标题。故选B。1. 重点词汇和短语已掌握请打单词在本文中的词性常见释义effectiveadj.有效的challengingadj.有挑战性的yetconj.但是physicaladj.身体的，物质的performv.表演、履行、执行p
15、sychologicaladj.精神的，心理的opportunityn.机会instructionv.指示、命令、教授instructorn.教练、指导者strengthn.力量、长处inspirev.激励、启发beneficialadj.有益的embarrassv.使尴尬optionn.选择workoutn.锻炼surroundv.包围、环绕emotionaladj.情感上的短语部分physical fitness身体健康wander around徘徊，转来转去2. 长难句理解1. 【】If youre serious about wanting to live a healthy life
16、style, its extremely important to surround yourself with people wholl provide you with the proper emotional support._【答案】如果你真的想要过一种健康的生活方式，和那些能给你提供适当情感支持的人在一起是非常重要的。2. 【】If youre tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming bored, you can attend an upbeat group fitness class that will
17、 keep your workout on track._【答案】如果你厌倦了在健身房里浪费时间，并感到无聊，那你可以参加一个欢乐的团体健身班，可以让你的锻炼保持在正轨上。Passage 2If you move to a new school, youll have to worry whether or not youll make friends. Here are some simple suggestions which help you make new friends a lot easier.Try speaking to the people next to you in c
18、lass. As theyre close by, it makes sense to communicate with them first.Have courage to speak to everyone in your class. You will probably stay with that class through your years at the new school, so it helps if you get on with them.If you dont have many friends in your class, try and make new frie
19、nds in your subject lessons. You can also talk with them at lunchtime and after school.Join a lunchtime or after-school club. Youll get to meet kids of all years that way.Ask your teacher to pair you with another pupil.Use your celebrity status! Since youre the new person, youll have gained celebrit
20、y status, which you can use for a couple of weeks. Talk to people, remember to smile and always be open and friendly. Listen carefully to what others have to say so as to make them feel important.As you grow older, its natural to make new friends and sometimes that means you grow apart from your old
21、 friends. So try and make time for all your friends. Why not introduce your different sets of friends so you can all go to the cinema or bowling together?But what if a friendship group is pushing you out? If this is happening to you, try and ask someone youre friendly with what is happening. If the
22、whole group is leaving you out, try to find new people to spend time with at lunchtime.（安徽省芜湖市2019年高一自主招生考试）1. According to the passage, moving to a new school is _.A. interestingB. excitingC. worryingD. boring2. According to the author, what should we do when we move to a new school?A. Sit close to
23、 friendly classmates.B. Try to study well to gain others trust.C. Try our best to help our new classmates.D. Take possible chances to communicate with others.3. To make our classmates feel that they are important to us, we should _.A. listen to them carefullyB. be friendly and open to themC. smile w
24、hile talking with themD. make use of our celebrity status【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了初到一所新学校时如何交友。与坐在你旁边的人交谈、敢于和大家交流、在班里结识新朋友、请老师将你与其他同学结成搭档、利用你的名人地位等都是很好的交友方法。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一句中的youll have to worry可知，初到一所新学校是令人担忧的。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。分析文中给出的几条建议，例如So try and make time for all your friends可知，这
25、些建议均鼓励读者抓住一切可能的机会与他人交流，这样才更容易交到朋友。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段最后一句Listen carefully to what others have to say so as to make them feel important可知，认真倾听能使同学们感觉到他们在我们心目中的重要性。故选A。1. 重点词汇和短语已掌握请打单词在本文中的词性常见释义pairv一对，配对celebrityn.名人statusn.状态，地位，身份gainv.获得；得到bowlingn.保龄球couragen.勇气短语部分make sense有意义；讲得通get on w
26、ith相处的来so as to为了leave out省略；遗漏2. 长难句理解1. 【】 Since youre the new person, youll have gained celebrity status, which you can use for a couple of weeks. _【答案】由于你是新人，你会得到名人身份，你可以用这个名人身份好几周。2.【】As you grow older, its natural to make new friends and sometimes that means you grow apart from your old friend
27、s. _【答案】随着你渐渐长大，很自然你会交到新的朋友并且有时候这意味着你会跟你的老朋友分开。Passage3It can be really hard to learn a new language. I had always enjoyed learning languages in school, but only recently did I start learning German. I found that I could understand and learn individual words easily, but when it came to literature, I
28、 really struggled. That was when my tutor at university suggested reading some childrens books printed in the target language.At first, I felt a bit silly going on a hunt for a book designed for someone half my age, but then I realised that everyone has to start somewhere. As children, we are given
29、these basic texts to familiarise our brains with certain vocabulary and writing structures, and from there, we can learn and develop. I started with books which are taught to us as children in the UK. I managed to find Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens and James and the Giant Peach by Roald Dahl.The b
30、eauty of reading books that were introduced to you as a child is that you are already familiar with the plot. Therefore you can work out some words with your knowledge of the story. At first, I used to read with the book in one hand and a dictionary in the other, but this did not work well. The meth
31、od I would recommend is to read a chapter first and at the end of that chapter, highlight the new words and then look up the definitions. If you can wait a bit before using a dictionary, you may be surprised what you can understand merely from the context. Additionally, a lot of childrens books have
32、 pictures which may give you a clue as to what or to whom the passage is referring.If you can find a translation of the books you have read as a child, I would strongly advise reading those if you are a complete beginner. However, if you feel a bit more confident reading in English, I would personal
33、ly recommend the series of Harry Potter books by J. K. Rowling or any of the Roald Dahl childrens books.（江苏省2019-2020学年高一下学期4月月考）1. What makes it hard for the author to learn German?A. The author had a poor memory.B. The author had no interest in it.C. The author had no one to ask for help.D. The au
34、thor couldnt read books fluently.2. What did the author think of reading childrens books in the target language at first?A. Interesting.B. Stupid.C. Helpful.D. Boring.3. What does the author try to express mainly in Paragraph 3?A. How to deal with new words while reading.B. Why it is helpful to read
35、 childrens book at first.C. How to choose a proper book to match your level.D. How to form the habit of reading in the target language.4. Why does the author write this text?A. To give tips on how to learn a new language.B. To persuade the readers to learn a new language.C. To stress the importance
36、of reading in language learning.D. To share the authors stories of learning a new language.【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章提供学习一门新语言的几点建议。【1题详解】细节理解题。由第二段I found that I could understand and learn individual words easily, but when it came to literature, I really struggled.可知我发现我可以很容易的理解和学习单个的单词，
37、但是涉及到文学作品时我就很为难。所以让作者感到学德语难是因为作者不能流利地读书。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。由第二段At first, I felt a bit silly going on a hunt for a book designed for someone half my age可知最初，我觉得读一本为只有我年龄一半的人设计的书有点愚蠢。所以最初，作者认为用目标语言读儿童读物有点傻愚蠢故选B。【3题详解】主旨大意题。由第三段Therefore you can work out some words with your knowledge of the story.可知你可以用你
38、对故事的了解弄明白一些单词；由The method I would recommend is to read a chapter first and at the end of that chapter, highlight the new words and then look up the definitions.可知我推荐的方法是先读一章，在章节末将生词标出来再查定义。这两处都是关于在读书的时候怎么处理新单词的，因此第三自然段是关于在阅读时怎么处理新单词的。故选A。【4题详解】主旨大意题。由最后一段If you can find a translation of the books yo
39、u have read as a child, I would strongly advise reading those if you are a complete beginner. However, if you feel a bit more confident reading in English, I would personally recommend the series of Harry Potter books by J. K. Rowling or any of the Roald Dahl childrens books.可知如果你找到了一本孩子时期读的书的翻译本，而你
40、是初学者，我强烈建议你读一读。但是，如果你对英语有点信心，我个人建议哈利波特系列或者Roald dahl 儿童读物。这些都是关于不同语言水平的人怎样学习语言的，因此作者写此文章的目的是就怎么学习新语言提出自己的建议。故选A。1. 重点词汇和短语已掌握请打单词在本文中的词性常见释义individualadj.单独的tutorn.导师targetn.目标familiarisev.使熟悉highlightv.高光；强调merelyadv.仅仅cluen.线索，提示seriesn.系列plotn.情节chaptern.章节短语部分work out搞出，弄出as to关于refer to涉及2. 长难句
41、理解1. 【】At first, I felt a bit silly going on a hunt for a book designed for someone half my age, but then I realised that everyone has to start somewhere._【答案】一开始，我感到有点愚蠢去涉猎一本专门为我这个年纪设计的书，但是然后我意识到每个人都得从某各地方开始。2. 【】Additionally, a lot of childrens books have pictures which may give you a clue as to w
42、hat or to whom the passage is referring._【答案】另外，很多儿童书有图片，会给你提示关于这个文章讲的什么或者说的是什么人。Passage4A few years ago, bubble tea(奶茶) exploded as a popular drink for Internet foodies(吃货) everywhere. Many take this Taiwanese drink as a guilt-free snack similar to juice or a cup of coffee. After all, it has the wo
43、rd “tea” in it, so it has to be healthyright?Not quite. Like coffee, bubble teas ingredients(成分, 配料) might not be so bad on their own, but when theyre loaded with sweetener(甜味剂) and artificial flavor(人工香料), they lose their nutritional(营养的) value fast.It all starts with those “bubbles” found at the bottom of your drink, which are actually round pieces of tapioca(木薯淀粉). Called “tapioca pearls(珍珠),”
