1、 厦门市厦门市 2020 届高三第二轮复习模拟测试卷届高三第二轮复习模拟测试卷 英语试题（一）英语试题（一） 本试卷本试卷 6 页，满分页，满分 120 分。考试用时分。考试用时 120 分钟分钟 注意事项：注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、考号、座位号等答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的校名、姓名、考号、座位号等 相关相关 信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。信息填写在答题卡指定区域内。 2.选择题每小题选出答案后，请用选择题每小题选出答案后，请用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需
2、改动， 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；不能答在试卷上。 . 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域 内的内的 相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅；不准使用铅 笔和涂改液，笔和涂改液， 不按以上要求作答的答案无效。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。 第二部分第二部分 阅读理解阅读理解(共两
3、节共两节,满分满分 40 分分) 第一节第一节(共共 15 小题小题;每小题每小题 2 分分,满分满分 30 分分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和和 D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂。项涂。 A I recently heard a story about a famous research scientist who had made several very important medical achievements. A newspaper reporter interviewed h
4、im why he was able to be so much more creative than the average person. What set him so far apart from others? He responded that it all came from an experience with his mother that occurred when he was about two years old. He had been trying to remove a bottle of milk from the refrigerator when he d
5、ropped the slippery bottle, spilling its contents all over the kitchen floor-a real sea of milk! When his mother came into the kitchen, instead of shouting at him, giving him a lecture or punishing him, she said, “Robert, what a great and wonderful mess you have made! I have rarely seen such a huge
6、pool of milk. Well,the damage has already been done. Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?” Indeed, the boy did. After a few minutes, his mother said, “You know, Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to clean it up and rest
7、ore everything to its proper order. How would you like to do that? We could use a sponge (海绵), a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer?” He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the spilled milk. His mother then said, “You know, what we have here is a failed experiment in how to effectively ca
8、rry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands. Lets go out in the back yard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can find a way to carry it without dropping it.” The little boy learned that if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could make it. What a wonderful less
9、on! This famous scientist then said that it was at that moment that he knew he didnt need to be afraid to make mistakes. 1. When the mother found the kitchen floor covered with milk, she _ . A. gave the boy a lecture instead of shouting at him B. praised the boy instead of punishing him C. felt sati
10、sfied with the boys trying to help himself D. calmed down the boy and helped him find a way to clean the floor 2. The childs experience resulted in the following BUT _ . A. offering the boy a chance to grasp the bottle B. benefiting the boy all his life C. helping the boy be more creative D. making
11、the boy realize the mistake is of value 3. According to the passage, the way the scientists mother used is _ . A. instructive B. strict C. formal D. strange 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. A 【解析】 本文为一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一个科学家在小的时候不小心在厨房里打翻了牛奶，但是妈妈充满智慧的 做法使他明白如何面对错误，解决问题。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。 根据第三段 When his mother came into the ki
12、tchen, instead of shouting at him, giving him a lecture or punishing him以及后面的妈妈提议 Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up？可知，妈妈见到他打翻牛奶后，并没有吼叫，也没有给他一个教训或者是惩罚他，而是帮助他 想办法打扫干净地面。故选 D 项。 【2 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，作者打翻牛奶一事让他受益一生，妈妈鼓励他寻找解决方法让他变得更 有创造性，以及最后一句 Thi
13、s famous scientist then said that it was at that moment that he knew he didnt need to be afraid to make mistakes.说明犯错误并不可怕，错误是很有价值的，A项“给那个男孩一个抓住瓶子的机 会”并不是男孩经历导致的结果。故选 A项。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。结合全文，本文作者的妈妈没有直接批评孩子，而是让他改正错误，并寻找最佳的解决办法， 这是教育孩子的一种良好方式，她处理问题的方式是很有建设性的。故选 A项。 B Todays buzz words, which include g
14、lobal warming and zero emissions, are causing everyday people (not just celebrities) to look for ways to reduce their carbon footprint. Based on this trend, entire districts, known as eco-communities, are being designed with green initiatives in mind. Dockside Green in Victoria, British Columbia, Ca
15、nada is one of these communities. If everything goes according to plan, Dockside Green will be a self-sufficient community. The plans describe a variety of environmental features, some of which have never been seen. Builders of Dockside Green have the environment in mind with every choice they make.
16、 They ensure proper ventilation (通风), and guarantee residents 100% fresh indoor air. Interior and exterior building materials, such as paints and wood, are natural and non-toxic (无毒的). Eco-conscious builders use bamboo wherever possible because it is durable and does not require pesticides to grow.
17、Energy efficiency is one of the top priorities in eco-communities, such as Dockside Green. Not only do energy-efficient appliances and light fixtures reduce the environmental impact of heating and hot water, they also save residents and business owners money. Dockside Green claims that home owners w
18、ill use 55% less energy than average residents in Canada. Studies show that people use approximately 20% less energy when they are billed for exactly what they use. In addition, water is treated at Dockside Green and reused on site for flushing toilets. Planners of eco-communities such as Dockside G
19、reen must take the future into account. Dockside Green plans on reusing 90% of its construction waste. They also plan to continue using local suppliers for all of their transport and maintenance needs. This is a great way to reduce emissions. Finally, plans are in the works for a high-tech heating s
20、ystem that will use renewable biomass instead of fossil fuels. The first two stages of development at Dockside Green have already been completed, and many other plans are in the works. Other smaller eco-villages can be found around the world. Residents of these communities aim to reduce their carbon
21、 footprint and be models for sustainable living. 4. The purpose of the article is to _ . A. introduce eco-communities B. describe Dockside Greens plans C. advertise Dockside Green D. illustrate sustainable living 5. According to the article, what percentage of energy saving will Dockside Green resid
22、ents save？ _ A. 100%. B. 90%. C. 55%. D. 20%. 6. Bamboo is an environmentally friendly choice for builders because it _ . A. provides good air circulation B. keeps pests out of houses C. is toxic substances free D. can be used for a long time 7. What will Dockside Green try to do in the future？ _ A.
23、 To find fossil fuel alternatives. B. To develop an interior transportation system. C. To use most of construction waste again. D. To cooperate with other eco-villages. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. C 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了坞边绿地的计划，并简单介绍了计划的一些内容。 【4 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段 If everything goes according to plan, Docks
24、ide Green will be a self-sufficient community. The plans describe a variety of environmental features, some of which have never been seen.可知，如果一切按计 划进行，码头区将成为一个自给自足的社区。这些规划描述了各种各样的环境特征，其中一些从未被发现 过。由此可知，这篇文章的目的是描述坞边绿地的计划。故选 B 项。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段 Dockside Green claims that home owners will use 55%
25、less energy than average residents in Canada. 可知，Dockside Green 称，业主将比加拿大平均居民少使用 55%的能源。由此可知，根据这篇文 章，坞边绿地的居民将节约 55%的能源。故选 C项。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段 Eco-conscious builders use bamboo wherever possible because it is durable and does not require pesticides to grow.可知，有环保意识的建筑商尽可能使用竹子，因为竹子耐用，而且不需要杀虫剂。 由此可
26、知，对建筑商来说，竹子是一种环保的选择，因为它可以长时间使用。故选 D 项。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的 Planners of eco-communities such as Dockside Green must take the future into account. Dockside Green plans on reusing 90% of its construction waste.可知，Dockside Green 等生态社区的规划 者必须考虑到未来。Dockside Green计划再利用 90%的建筑垃圾。由此可知，坞边绿地将来会再次利用大部 分建筑垃圾
27、。故选 C项。 C As you move out of your teens and into your 20s and 30s, your musical tastes start to solidify and you likely quit keeping up with popular music. Now, research has found the average age at which your music library is unlikely to change: 33. The studys author reached this conclusion by anal
28、yzing data on U. S. Spotify users and comparing it to artist popularity data from music intelligence company The Echo Nest. To determine the age at which we stop seeking out new tunes, the author gathered self-reported age data from Spotify and looked at users “ Taste Profiles,“ which tracks how man
29、y times listeners have streamed individual artists. These artists were then matched to their popularity rank on The Echo Nest. The average teen listens almost only to music among the Billboard, the 200 highest-ranking albums in the country, but this music represents a smaller part of their streaming
30、 as they age. In their teens, they listen to a lot of the same music, over and over again. Frank T. McAndrew, a professor of psychology at Knox College, explains thats the “mere exposure effect“ at work, and it basically means, the more were exposed to something, the more we like it. There are many
31、reasons why a person may stop streaming the current top musical hits, and the author looked into one by identifying Spotify listeners with large amounts of childrens music and nursery rhymes in their libraries. In other words, when users may have become parents. But the study concludes with some goo
32、d news for parents: “If youre getting older and cant find yourself staying as relevant as you used to, have no fear just wait for your kids to become teenagers, and youll get exposed to all the popular music of the day once again!” 8. What happens after teens grow older? A. They quit listening to mu
33、sic. B. Their interest in music fades. C. They change their music libraries. D. Their musical tastes become stable. 9. What is the way of the research? A. Interviews. B. Analyzing data. C. Observation. D. Tracking popularity. 10. How do teens develop their musical tastes? A. They listen to what they
34、 like repeatedly. B. They act like their favorite popular stars. C. They experience different styles of music. D. They like high-ranking music worldwide. 11. Whats the good news for parents in the last paragraph? A. Parents will regain their faith in music. B. Parents will influence their teens in m
35、usic. C. Parents will hear their favorite music again. D. Parents will enjoy the music for teens again. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. D 【解析】 本文为一篇说明文。研究表明：人的音乐品味会随着年龄的增长逐渐稳定。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“As you move out of your teens and into your 20s and 30s, your musical tastes start to solidify”当你从十几岁步入二三十岁时，你的
36、音乐品味开始逐渐稳定。可知，青少年长大之后，音乐品味 逐渐稳定。 故选 D项。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The studys author reached this conclusion by analyzing data on U. S. Spotify users and comparing it to artist popularity data from music intelligence company The Echo Nest.”这项研究的作者通过分析 美国 Spotify用户的数据，并将其与音乐智能公司回声巢（Echo Nest）的艺人人气数据进行比较，得出了
37、这 一结论。所以研究的方法是分析数据。 故选 B项。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“ In their teens, they listen to a lot of the same music, over and over again.”在他们十 几岁的时候，他们一遍又一遍地听很多相同的音乐。可知，他们通过反复地听来形成自己的音乐品味。 故 选 A 项。 【11 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“just wait for your kids to become teenagers, and youll get exposed to all the popular music
38、of the day once again!”等你的孩子变成青少年，你就会再次接触到当今所有流行音乐。可知，家长们 会跟着长大的孩子一起再次享受青少年的音乐。故选 D 项。 D They still bite, but new research shows lab-grown mosquitoes are fighting dengue fever a dangerous disease that they normally would spread. Dengue infections appear to be dropping fast in communities in Indonesi
39、a, Vietnam, Brazil and Australia that are filled with the specially grown mosquitoes. Researchers first injected （注射）mosquito eggs with Wolbachia bacteria thats common in insects and harmless to people in a lab. Infected females then pass the bacteria on through their eggs. Releasing enough Wolbachi
40、a carriers, both the females that bite and the males that dont, allows mating（交配）to spread the bacteria through a local mosquito population. Rather than using chemicals to wipe out pests, “this is really about transforming the mosquito,“ said Cameron Simmons of the nonprofit World Mosquito Program,
41、which is conducting the research. The first success came from Australia. Mosquitoes carrying Wolbachia were released in parts of North Queensland starting in 2011, and gradually spread through the local mosquito population. Dengue is spread when a mosquito bites someone who is infected, and then bit
42、es another person, but somehow Wolbachia blocks that and local spread has nearly disappeared in those North Queensland Communities, Simmons said. The studies are continuing in other countries. But the findings, presented at a meeting of the American Society for Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, suggest
43、 its possible to turn at least some mosquitoes from a public health threat into annoying biters. The work marks “exciting progress,“ said Michigan State University professor Zhiyong Xi, who wasnt involved with the project but has long studied how Wolbachia can turn mosquitoes against themselves. Mor
44、e research is needed, specialists cautioned. “The results are pretty exciting strong levels of reductions but there clearly are going to be things to be learned from the areas where the reductions are not as great,“ said Penn State University professor Elizabeth McGraw. 12. What can we learn about t
45、he lab-grown mosquitoes? A. They lose the ability to bite people. B. They become harmful to human beings. C. They carry dangerous Wolbachia bacteria. D. They spread Wolbachia bacteria by mating. 13. What does the underlined word “that“ refer to in Paragraph 4? A. The bite from a mosquito. B. The loc
46、al community. C. The spread of Dengue. D. The infected person. 14. What do the last two paragraphs suggest? A. This research proves a complete success. B. Scientists agree on this research. C. There is still room for improvement. D. Mosquitoes turn themselves against harmful ones. 15. What is the be
47、st title for the text? A. Bacteria- infected Mosquitoes Bite Deadly Dengue. B. Transform Mosquitoes into Annoying Biters C. Fight against Mosquitoes with Wolbachia D. Harmless Mosquitoes Are on Their Way 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【分析】 本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述了研究人员实验室培育的蚊子抗击登革热病毒的事例。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。 根据第二
48、段“Releasing enough Wolbachia carriers, both the females that bite and the males that dont, allows mating（交配）to spread the bacteria through a local mosquito population.” 释放出足够的携带 Wolbachia 的蚊子，会通过交配传播 Wolbachia。即实验室培育的蚊子通过交配传播 Wolbachia 菌。故选 D项。 【13 题详解】 词句猜测题。 根据第四段“Dengue is spread when a mosquito
49、bites someone who is infected, and then bites another person, but somehow Wolbachia blocks that and local spread has nearly disappeared in those North Queensland Communities, Simmons said.”可知，登革热病毒通过叮咬的方式传染，但携带 Wolbachia的蚊子与此不同， 所以 that指登革热病毒的传播。故选 C 项。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第七段“The results are pretty exciting strong levels of reductions but there clearly are going to be things to be learned from the areas where the reductions are not as great”可知我们仍然需要从削减领 域不够的地方学习，还有改进的余地。故选 C项。 【15 题详解】 主旨大意题。由文章开头“Th
