1、阅读理解 中考英语“阅读理解”题主要是考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力。很多同学在做题时常常有一种“读得懂做不对”的感觉。那么有必要对阅读理解这种题型及其解题技巧作一些简要的分析。从近几年的中考阅读理解情况看，短文体裁多样，题材各异，文章涉及科学知识、社会文化、政治历史、人文环境和日常生活等方面，充分体现其时代性、实用性。常见题型有主旨题、细节题、推断题、猜测词义题和判断正误题。做阅读理解练习应先看问题，弄清考点。在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所需信息。其次要注意先易后难。做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序，应遵循先易后难的原则。如可先做细节题
2、再做推断题，因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案，而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解，再作判断。主旨概括题主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。做此类题时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主题句的意义。短文往往围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。细节理解题细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。【例1】(2015，呼和浩特)A group of reporters asked a group of 4to8yearold children this question，
3、“What does love mean？”The answers were surprising.The children would answer like they did below.Rebeccaage 8“When my grandmother hurt her knees，she couldnt bend(弯腰)over and paint her toenails(脚趾甲)any more.So my grandfather would do it for her all the time，even when his hands hurt，too.Thats love.”Sam
4、anthaage 6“Love is when someone hurts you，and you get so mad but you dont shout at her because you know it would hurt her feelings.”Terryage 4“Love is what makes you smile when youre tired.”Bethanyage 4“I let my big sister pick on(捉弄)me because my mum says she only picks on me because she loves me.S
5、o I pick on my baby sister because I love her.”Laurenage 4“I know my elder sister loves me because she gives me all her old clothes and has to go out and buy new clothes.”Elaineage 5“Love is when Mummy gives Daddy the best piece of chicken.”Clearage 5“My Mummy loves me more than anybody.You dont see
6、 anyone else kissing me to sleep at night.”Jessicaage 8“You really shouldnt say I love you unless you mean it.But if you mean it，you should say it a lot.People forget.”1The passage mainly tells us about _.Awhat“life”means to childrenBwhat“family”means to childrenCwhat“friendship”means to childrenDwh
7、at“love”means to children解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了孩子们对“爱”的不同理解。故选D。本题难度中等。答案：_2Who told us the love between Mum and Dad?AClear.BElaine.CRebecca.DLauren.解析：细节理解题。由Elaineage 5部分中的“Love is when Mummy gives Daddy the best piece of chicken.”可知，Elaine讲述了妈妈和爸爸之间的爱。故选B。本题难度中等。答案：_DB3Which of the following is
8、NOT true according to the passage?ARebeccas grandmother ever couldnt bend over.BBethany wants to be picked on by any other person.CIf Samantha becomes angry，she will not shout at others.DLauren prefers to wear her sisters old clothes.解析：细节理解题。由Bethanyage 4部分中的“I let my big sister pick on(捉弄)me becau
9、se my mum says she only picks on me because she loves me.”可知，Bethany让姐姐捉弄她，是因为妈妈说姐姐爱她才这样做。因此B项“Bethany想被其他任何人捉弄”是错误的。故选B。本题难度中等。答案：_B4What does Jessica mean about love?AToo much love is no love.BYou should say love more often.CYou mean what you think.DSay love more often if you have it.解析：细节理解题。由最后一
10、段中的“But if you mean it，you should say it a lot.People forget.”可知，Jessica认为如果你拥有爱，你就应该经常说。故选D。本题难度较大。答案：_D5What is love according to Terry?ALove is the care between husband and wife.BLove is a rest when you are tired.CLove is what cheers you up when you are tired.DLove is a kiss from parents.解析：细节理解题
11、。由Terryage 4部分中的“Love is what makes you smile when youre tired.”可知，Terry认为爱就是当你累的时候，能够使你高兴起来的东西。故选C。本题难度较小。答案：_C(2015，安徽)Do you sleep well？If your answer is no，the following might help you.Set a certain bedtime and rising timeA certain bedtime and rising time can help you build up your body clocks.S
12、et a bedtime which is good and natural for you.Dont change your bedtime and rising time on weekends.Avoid exciting activities just before sleepingExciting activities get your thoughts running.At the same time,if you make tomorrows plan or read an exciting story before turning off the light,it doesnt
13、 give you enough time to relax before you try to sleep.Keep the bedroom for sleeping onlyIts a bad habit for you to use your bedroom as a place to eat,watch TV,read,talk on the phone,or discuss important matters with your family members.Break that habit to get better sleep.Dont go to bed too earlyYo
14、ur body usually lets you sleep only the number of hours it needs.You should decide how many hours you must sleep in order not to experience daytime sleepiness.Take a warm shower before your bedtimeA twentyminute warm shower at a temperature of about 4550 not only is a great relax at days end,but als
15、o raises your body temperature by several degrees.The coming drop in temperature of your body will naturally make you feel sleepy.1.If you want to build up your body clocks,you should _.Aset a certain bedtime and rising timeBgo to bed neither too early nor too lateCkeep the bedroom for sleeping only
16、Dtake a warm shower before sleeping2Why should you avoid exciting activities just before sleeping？_ABecause they will get your thoughts running.BBecause you have to make tomorrows plan.CBecause you should read an exciting story.DBecause you will have to turn off the light.AA3Your bedroom should be k
17、ept for _ only.Atalking Beating Creading Dsleeping4According to the passage，_ will make you feel sleepy.Ataking a cold showerByour body temperature droppingCyour daily experienceDraising your body temperature DB推理判断题推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论的题型，主要考查学生的理解力和推断力。这类推断通常包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。做此类题时，应根据短
18、文中的相关语句，对与事实有关的细节加以分析，找出线索，悟出字里行间的意思，反复比较，从而作出合乎逻辑的判断。猜测词义题猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义的能力。一般情况下，推断词义的题目中所出现的单词，大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索。通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是否贴切，仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义。【例2】(2015，武汉)Molly Boylan is one of the most successful businesswomen in Canada after setting up her
19、cosmetic(化妆品)company Blazes in 1992.Though she is very successful，she says that she finds it harder every year to balance(平衡)her business with her family life.She sometimes feels that her two children know more about their babysitter than they do about her.Molly employs(雇佣)around eighty people in he
20、r factory and warehouse，and ten others in her two new fashion stores，but her newest employee is the most important one for her.After years of worrying about her business more than her family，she has decided to make Sally Pamonte new general manager in her company.Molly will still be_involved_in deci
21、sionmaking，and shes going to stay in touch with the people who work for her，but Sally is going to look after daytoday running of the business so that Molly can spend more time with the kids.The new arrangement(安排)is going to start on Monday，and both of them are already excited about it.Sally says，“I
22、m very nervous actually but Im sure Molly will help me a lot in the early days，even though I hope she feels she can trust me not to make too many mistakes.”Molly，on the other hand，seems quite relaxed about the whole thing.“I know that Sallys going to be a very nice manager，”she says.“Shes only been
23、here a couple of days and shes already shown me how to work out a few problems we were having.The best thing though is that I feel a hundred times happier than Ive been in years.I mean，I honestly cant remember the last time I felt as relaxed as this，and my kids are really excited about my being at h
24、ome more.To be honest，I wish I had made this decision years ago.”1The passage is mainly about _.AMolly and her childrenBMolly finding a new managerCthe babysitter and the kidsDMolly making a change about her business解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了加拿大的女商人Molly对自己的化妆品公司进行改革的故事。故选D。本题难度中等。答案：_D2The underlined
25、phrase“be involved in”in the passage probably means _.Abe interested in Btake part inCbe nervous about Dlearn about解析：词义猜测题。由“shes going to stay in touch with the people who work for her”可知，她还跟公司的员工保持联系；由此可推知，Molly还参与公司的管理。故“be involved in”意为“参与”，相当于take part in。故选B。答案：_B3Sally seems to be a good ma
26、nager because _.Ashe has set up a new BlazesBshe keeps in close touch with the workersCshe has been able to solve a few problemsDshe has been working for the company since 1992解析：细节理解题。由第三段中Molly对她的评价“and shes already shown me how to work out a few problems we were having”可知，Sally可以帮助她处理公司日常遇到的问题，因此
27、，Molly认为她是个很好的总经理。故选C。本题难度中等。答案：_C4According to the passage，Molly _.Awill not run her business any moreBseems satisfied with the new arrangementCwas not pleased with the babysitterDwas successful both in her business and her family解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中的“The best thing though is that I feel a hundred times
28、 happier than Ive been in years.”可知，Molly做出此决定后，感觉比以前高兴百倍，她对自己的安排很满意。故选B。本题难度中等。答案：_B5The best thing for Molly now is that _.Ashe has more than eighty people working for herBher kids know more about the babysitterCshe can have more time to be with her kidsDshe has got a new general manager in her co
29、mpany解析：细节理解题。由最后一段中的“I mean，I honestly cant remember the last time I felt as relaxed as this，and my kids are really excited about my being at home more.”可知，对于Molly来说，最后的事情是可以有更多的时间来陪孩子。故选C。本题难度中等。答案：_C(2015，阜新)The Internets speed(速度)is giving many users problems in China.Its really annoying when we
30、 are following the story in a movie online，and then it suddenly stops and downloads(下载)again.But dont be angry.The problem will be solved in the near future.On April 14，Premier Li Keqiang said the government should improve Internet services.The next day the government said that they could make the I
31、nternet speed faster and the price lower.Slow Internet speeds have given many Internet users a headache in China.According to a survey(调查)done by Sina，66%of the people were not satisfied with Chinas Internet.Chinas Internet speed is slower than that in many other countries.The Internet speed in Chin
32、a was 4.25 megabits(兆位)a second(秒)in late 2014.South Korea had the fastest Internet speed.It was 25.3 megabits a second.People can download a 1GB movie in 6 minutes in South Korea，but in China it would take half an hour.But sadly，the price for the slow Internet is not low in China.The survey shows t
33、hat nearly 70%of the people spent 50200 yuan a month on Internet services.To improve Internet services，the most important thing is to build more fiber networks(光纤网络)Through hairthin glass fibers，the light that runs can send text，music，pictures and video in less than a second.Also，we need to have mor
34、e companies(公司)to encourage competition and lower the prices.5The underlined word“annoying”means _A开心的B讨厌的C难过的D兴奋的6On _，the government said that they could make the Internet speed faster and the price lower.AApril 14 BApril 15 CApril 17 DApril 187It takes you _ to download a 1GB movie in China.Asix
35、minutes Btwelve minutesCthirty minutes Dan hourBBC8In order to improve Internet services，the most important thing is to _Abuild more fiber networksBencourage competitionCmake the price of Internet lowerDuse the Internet a lot9Which of the following is TRUE？_AThe price for the slow Internet is low in China.BChinas Internet speed is faster than that in South Korea.CAll the Chinese people were satisfied with Chinas Internet.DIn China，nearly 70%of the people spent 50200 yuan a month on Internet services.ADBye-bye
