1、 Tenses（时态）（时态）1、The Present Simple Tense （一般现在时）（一般现在时）2、The Past Simple Tense （一般过去时）（一般过去时）3、The Future Tense （一般将来时）（一般将来时）5、The Present Continuous Tense（现在进行时）（现在进行时）6、The Past Continuous Tense （过去进行时）（过去进行时）7、The Present Perfect Tense （现在完成时）（现在完成时）8、The Past Perfect Tense （过去完成时）（过去完成时）4、The
2、Future in the Past （过去将来时）（过去将来时）八种时态的用法和构成八种时态的用法和构成The Present Simple Tense（一般现在时）（一般现在时）用法：用法：1、现阶段经常性、习惯性动作、现阶段经常性、习惯性动作;2、目前的状态；、目前的状态；3、客观真理。、客观真理。构成：构成：主语是第三人称单数时，作谓语的行为动词要加词尾主语是第三人称单数时，作谓语的行为动词要加词尾-s(-es),其他人称和数用动词原形。其他人称和数用动词原形。常用时间状语：常用时间状语：often,always,sometimes,every day,on Sundays例句：例句：
3、Jack often goes to school by bike.Guangzhou is 2313 kilometres away from Beijing.We have five lessons in the morning.动词碰到第三人称单数时，要加动词碰到第三人称单数时，要加“s”1)work-works2)辅音字母和辅音字母和“y”结尾的词，如结尾的词，如carry-carries3)以以s、x、ch、sh结尾的加结尾的加“es”，如，如wash-washes4)go-goes5)do-does6)have-has The Past Simple Tense（一般过去时）（一般
4、过去时）用法：用法：1、过去发生的动作、过去发生的动作;2、过去存在的状态。、过去存在的状态。构成：构成：用动词的过去式。用动词的过去式。常用时间状语：常用时间状语：yesterday,two days ago,last week,in 1990例句：例句：He went to work by bus yesterday.Han Meimei was in the classroom a moment ago.I watched a match last week.一般过去时动词变化：动词变化：1.动词变成过去式，动词加动词变成过去式，动词加“ed”Play-played2.辅音字母和辅音字母
5、和“y”结尾的词，如结尾的词，如carry-carried3.重读闭音节的单词，双写最后一个重读闭音节的单词，双写最后一个字母，再加字母，再加edstop-stopped不规则动词见书后动词表不规则动词见书后动词表 The Future Tense（一般将来时）（一般将来时）用法：用法：1、将来发生的动作、将来发生的动作;2、将来存在的状态。、将来存在的状态。构成：构成：1、助动词、助动词 will(shall)+动词原形；动词原形；2、am(is,are)+going to常用时间状语：常用时间状语：tomorrow,next week,in two hours例句：例句：They will
6、(are going to)meet outside the school gate tomorrow afternoon.The people will not be pleased if you jump the queue.备注：备注：一般现在时代替将来时。一般现在时代替将来时。在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中用在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中用The Future in the Past（过去将来时）（过去将来时）用法：用法：从过去某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态从过去某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态构成：构成：1、助动词、助动词 would+动词原形；动词原形；2、was
7、,were+going to常用时间状语：常用时间状语：(the)next day,(the)next year,that afternoon例句：例句：Linda said that she would(was going to)visit her uncle next Saturday.He wanted to know if they would go to the mountain village that afternoon.备注：备注：常用于宾语从句中常用于宾语从句中The Present Continuous Tense（现在进行时）（现在进行时）用法：用法：说话时或现阶段正在进
8、行的动作。说话时或现阶段正在进行的动作。构成：构成：am(is,are)+动词的现在分词动词的现在分词常用时间状语：常用时间状语：now/Look/Listen例句：例句：Kates parents are working in Canada now.Look,the child is playing in the street.备注：备注：将要发生的动作。将要发生的动作。come,go等动词的现在进行时形式可表示等动词的现在进行时形式可表示 现在进行时 动词变化加动词变化加ing1)clean-cleaning2)以不发音以不发音“e”结尾的，去掉字母结尾的，去掉字母“e”，再加，再加ing
9、make-making3)重读闭音节的单词，双写最后一个字母，再加重读闭音节的单词，双写最后一个字母，再加ingswim-swimmingThe Past Continuous Tense（过去进行时）（过去进行时）用法：用法：过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在进行的动作。过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在进行的动作。构成：构成：was(were)+动词的现在分词动词的现在分词常用时间状语：常用时间状语：at four yesterday afternoon,at this time yesterday,表示过去时间的状语从句表示过去时间的状语从句例句：例句：He was mending his bike a
10、t ten oclock yesterday.The twins were sweeping the floor when the teacher came in.The Present Perfect Tense（现在完成时）（现在完成时）用法：用法：1、到现在为止已经完成的动作、到现在为止已经完成的动作;对现在还有影响。（已完成）对现在还有影响。（已完成）2、从过去开始延续到现在的动作或状态。（未完成）、从过去开始延续到现在的动作或状态。（未完成）构成：构成：have(has)+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词常用时间状语：常用时间状语：already,yet,just,ever,before
11、,these years,since 1990,for ten years例句：例句：I have never heard of that before.The visitor has been here for two days.Three months have passed since I arrived in Sydney.备注：备注：不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。不能和表示过去的时间状语连用。现在完成时 动词变化动词变化 动词变成过去分词加动词变成过去分词加ed1)Play-played2)辅音字母和辅音字母和“y”结尾的词，如结尾的词，如carry-carried3)重读闭音节的单
12、词，双写最后一个字母，再加重读闭音节的单词，双写最后一个字母，再加edstop-stopped4)不规则动词见书后动词表不规则动词见书后动词表The Past Perfect Tense（过去完成时）（过去完成时）用法：用法：1、到过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作、到过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作;对过去还有对过去还有影响。影响。2、从过去某时开始到另一个过去的时间为止的动作或状态。、从过去某时开始到另一个过去的时间为止的动作或状态。构成：构成：had+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词常用时间状语：常用时间状语：例句：例句：We had learned 900 English words
13、 by the end of last term.The train had already left when they got to the station.When I arrived Kate had just left.备注：备注：有时没有时间状语，过去时间由上下文表示出来。有时没有时间状语，过去时间由上下文表示出来。by ten last night,by the end of last year,表示过去时间的状语表示过去时间的状语时态的区别时态的区别一般时态与进行时态的区别一般时态与进行时态的区别We _(read)newspapers every day.She _ now
14、_(read)the newspaper.He _(sing)well.He _(sing)a revolutionary song(革命歌曲）革命歌曲）.readisreadingsingsis singing 1）一般时态通常表示经常的动作或状态，而进行时态则表示）一般时态通常表示经常的动作或状态，而进行时态则表示在某一时刻或某段时间正在进行着的动作；在某一时刻或某段时间正在进行着的动作；2）一般时态表示主语的固有特征、能力等，而进行时态则表）一般时态表示主语的固有特征、能力等，而进行时态则表示主语在某一时刻或某段时间内所进行的具体动作。示主语在某一时刻或某段时间内所进行的具体动作。一般过
15、去时与过去进行时的区别一般过去时与过去进行时的区别She _(write)a letter to her friend yesterday.She _(write)a letter to her friend at nine oclock yesterday evening.She _(write)a letter to her friend when her mother _(come)home yesterday evening.wrotewas writingwas writingcame一般过去时通常表示过去发生的一个单纯的事实，而过去进行一般过去时通常表示过去发生的一个单纯的事实，而
16、过去进行时则表示在过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。时则表示在过去某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1)I _(lose)my pen.Can I borrow yours?She _(lose)her pen yesterday.2)My sister _(see)the film twice.She _(see)the film last week.3)A:_ you _(have)your lunch?B:Yes,I _.A:When _ you _(have)it?B:I _(have)it an hour ago.have
17、lostlosthas seensawHavehadhavedidhavehad现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作，但现在完成现在完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作，但现在完成时强调这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在的结果、影响等，而一时强调这一动作与现在的关系，如对现在的结果、影响等，而一般过去时则表示动作发生在过去，不一定表示和现在的关系。般过去时则表示动作发生在过去，不一定表示和现在的关系。过去完成时与一般过去时的区别过去完成时与一般过去时的区别1)Deming _(go)to bed at 9:00 last night.His mother _(come)back at
18、10:00.Deming _(go)to bed before his mother _(come)back.2)Uncle Li _(miss)the train yesterday,because the train _(leave)when he _(get)to the station.过去完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作，但过去完成过去完成时和一般过去时都表示在过去完成的动作，但过去完成时强调这一动作到过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作（即时强调这一动作到过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作（即强调过去的过去），对过去有影响。强调过去的过去），对过去有影响。wentcame
19、had gone camemissedhad leftgot1.Toms uncle _ as a chemistry teacher in a school.2.He _ there since Tom was born.3.He _ there more than thirty years ago.4.He _ in the science lab when Tom called last night.5.He said he _ in the lab for two hours.6.Now he _ in the lab.7.He said he _ there for three mo
20、re years.8.He _even harder in the coming three years.workshas workedworkedwas workinghad workedis still workingwould workwill work_ _ _ _ 1.Betty _ TV this time last night.2.The Shutes usually _ supper at 6:30.3.Mrs Green _ back in half an hour.4.The boys _ football on the playground now.5.Mr White
21、_ to him several times already.6.Lucy _ the classroom twenty minutes ago.7.The little girl _ 300 English words by the end of last month.was watchinghavewill comeare playinghas talkedlefthad learned_ _ _ _ 练习（复习卷练习（复习卷P.51）1、Her father _(know)Beijing very well because he_(be)there many times.Now he _
22、(tell)the boys something about the Great Wall.2、Our maths teacher isnt here now.She _(go)to the library.She _(return)in fifteen minutes.3、The students _(pick)apples on the farm when it suddenly _(begin)to rain yesterday.4、Lin Tao often _(go)back to his home town.He _(be)there many times.5、_ you _(go
23、)for a picnic with us tomorrow?I _(go)if it _ not _(rain)tomorrow.If it _(rain),I _(stay)at home instead.knowshas beenis tellinghas gone will returnwere pickingbegan_goes_has beenWillgowill godoesrain_rainswill stay6、I cant find my dictionary._ you _(see)it anywhere?7、A:Look at my book.It _(be)very
24、interesting.B:Where _ you _(buy)it?A:I _(buy)it at the bookshop near our school.B:_ you often _ (buy)new books at the bookshop?.A:Not very often.I usually _(borrow)books from our school library.B:_ you _(go)to the library tomorrow?A:Oh,I _ not _(go)because I _ just _ (borrow)some books from the libr
25、ary.Haveseenis didbuyboughtDobuy_borrowWillgowillgohave_borrowed练习（复习卷练习（复习卷P.51）9、The gate keeper doesnt let him in because he _(lose)his ticket.10、_ you _(like)science books?Yes,I _ just _(buy)some.Look,they _(be)all interesting.11、_ the foreign friends _(arrive)yet?Yes,they _.They _(arrive)fifteen minutes ago.has lostDOlikehaveboughtareHavearrivedhave arrived
