1、高一外研版必修二高一外研版必修二 Module 3 Music Grammar时间状语从句时间状语从句定义：时间状语从句是指由一个完整的句子充定义：时间状语从句是指由一个完整的句子充 当时间状语。当时间状语。用法：时间状语从句常用用法：时间状语从句常用when，as，while，before，after，since，till，until，as soon as，hardlywhen,no soonerthan,the moment,the minute 等连词引导。等连词引导。eg.1.When he opened his eyes,he found himself in a totally d
2、ifferent place.2.After he was told the news,he was shocked.3.Ill let you get the book the day I finish reading it.4.By the time he was ten he had mastered more than 2000 English words.时间状语从句一般不用将来时态。当主句为将来时态时，时间状语从句用一般时态表示将来。如：明天干完活我们会呆在家里的.We will stay at home tomorrow after we finish the work.他来了我
3、会告诉他一切的。I will tell him everything when he comes.常见的从属连词的辨析常见的从属连词的辨析1.when,while,as表示表示“当当的时候的时候”when引导的状语从句中的动词既可以是延续引导的状语从句中的动词既可以是延续性动词也可以是非延续性动词性动词也可以是非延续性动词 while引导的状语从句中的动词所表示的动作引导的状语从句中的动词所表示的动作与主句中的动词所表示的动作同时发生，从句与主句中的动词所表示的动作同时发生，从句要用延续性动词；表现在句子中，句子的谓语要用延续性动词；表现在句子中，句子的谓语多用进行时态。多用进行时态。As 所
4、引导的状语从句中的动词所表示的动作所引导的状语从句中的动词所表示的动作与主句中的动词所表示的动作同时发生，强调与主句中的动词所表示的动作同时发生，强调“一面一面一面一面”。当时钟敲了十二下，灯全部都熄了。当时钟敲了十二下，灯全部都熄了。When the clock struck twelve,all the lights went out.当他看见她的时候，当他看见她的时候，举帽示敬。举帽示敬。He raised his hat when he saw her.当两个物体摩擦时就会产生热。当两个物体摩擦时就会产生热。When two bodies are rubbed together,hea
5、t is produced.你去图书馆时，不要忘记替我还这本书。你去图书馆时，不要忘记替我还这本书。Dont forget to return this book for me,when you go to the library.趁热打铁。趁热打铁。Strike while the iron is hot.我们到达北京时，天正在下雨。我们到达北京时，天正在下雨。When we arrived in Beijing,it was raining.(arrive不是延续性的动词不是延续性的动词)别人在工作的时候，请不要大声讲话。别人在工作的时候，请不要大声讲话。Please dont talk
6、so loud while people are working.在用在用when和和while 连接的从句中，常省连接的从句中，常省略与主句相同的主语和相应的略与主句相同的主语和相应的be，而在，而在as连接的从句中一般则不省略。如：连接的从句中一般则不省略。如：木头燃烧时冒出许多烟。木头燃烧时冒出许多烟。Wood gives much smoke while(it is)burning.他在阅读语法书的时候睡着了。他在阅读语法书的时候睡着了。He fell asleep while(he was)studying his grammar book.他在伦敦的时候，研究音乐。他在伦敦的时候，
7、研究音乐。While in London,he studied music.金属受热时膨胀。金属受热时膨胀。When(they are)heated,metals expand.when和和while还可作并列连词用：还可作并列连词用：when作作“那时那时”解，前面有逗号，不能用解，前面有逗号，不能用while代替；代替；while表示对比，作表示对比，作“而而”解，解，前面常有逗号。前面常有逗号。女王将于五月访问该城，届时她将主持女王将于五月访问该城，届时她将主持一所新医院的开幕式。一所新医院的开幕式。The Queen will visit the town in May,when sh
8、e will open the new hospital.烧瓶烧瓶(flask)中的水一会儿就要开中的水一会儿就要开了，那时你可把凉水浇在烧瓶上。了，那时你可把凉水浇在烧瓶上。Soon the water in the flask will boil,when you may pour some cold water over it.一些材料是可焊的，而另一些则一些材料是可焊的，而另一些则是不可焊的。是不可焊的。Some materials are wieldable,while others are not.凯特边走边读书。凯特边走边读书。Kate read the book as she
9、went along.当汽车行驶得越来越快时，它得到当汽车行驶得越来越快时，它得到的动能也越来越多。的动能也越来越多。As the car moved faster and faster,it gained more and more kinetic energy.我们边听课边记笔记。我们边听课边记笔记。We took notes as we listened to the lecture.随着妇女就业普遍了，男职工分担了随着妇女就业普遍了，男职工分担了家务劳动。家务劳动。As it became more common for women to work outside the house,
10、men began to share the housework.用用 when/while/as 填空：填空：1._ he comes tomorrow,I shall ask where he has been.2._ he was speaking,everybody listened carefully.3.I saw her just _ she was getting off the train.WhenWhile/Whenas 1.When it was performed in America,there was an audience of 100,000 people.2.
11、When he was very young,Mozart had a lot of musical talent.3.While he was still a teenager,he was a big star.4.As he grew older,he began to go deaf.“When”is used when the sentences refer to a single event in the past.“When”and“while”are used when the sentences refer to a period of time in the past.“A
12、s”is used when the sentences refer to a progressive change.Match the two parts of the sentences.Answer:1.b2.d3.c4.aWork in four.Make sentences similar to those in Part 2,using when,by the time,while,as.Possible answers:While he was a child,he lived in the countryside.When he was young,he lived with
13、his grandmother.When he lived in Hunan Province,he collected folk songs and music.While he lived in Hunan Province,he planted rice.When he attended Central Conservatory of Music,he heard western music for the first time.2.till,until表示表示“一直到一直到时时”，用，用till，主句和从主句和从句都用肯定形式。表示句都用肯定形式。表示“直到直到才才”时，用时，用 un
14、til，主句用否定形式，从句用，主句用否定形式，从句用肯定形式，间或也用肯定形式，间或也用till。until可放句首。可放句首。如：如：到他妈妈进来他才起床到他妈妈进来他才起床。He didnt get up until his mother came in.那个年轻人看书一直到熄灯。那个年轻人看书一直到熄灯。The young man read till the light went out.用用till/until填空填空1.I waited _ he came back.2.It was not _ he took off his eyeglasses that I recognize
15、d him.3.He didt study _ it was 8 clock.till/until until till/until3.hardly/scarcelywhen;no soonerthan;as soon as 表示表示“一一就就”。在。在hardly/scarcelywhen和和no soonerthan句型中，句型中，when和和than引引导的从句不能放在主句之前导的从句不能放在主句之前;而而as soon as引导的从句，既可放在主句前，也可放引导的从句，既可放在主句前，也可放在主句之后。在主句之后。hardly/scarcely 及及no sooner如置于句首，句子要
16、倒装。如：如置于句首，句子要倒装。如：例如：例如：I had no sooner opened the door than he rushed out.=I had hardly opened the door when he rushed out.=Hardly had I opened the door when he rushed out.=No sooner had I opened the door than he rushed out.=As soon as I opened the door he rushed out.=He rushed out as soon as I op
17、ened the door.4.Before 在在之前之前乘客们应该在飞机起飞前的一小时到达乘客们应该在飞机起飞前的一小时到达机场。机场。The passengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs.他在我可以阻止他之前跑了。他在我可以阻止他之前跑了。He ran off before I could stop him.我不久之后就把它全忘了。我不久之后就把它全忘了。It was not long before I forgot it all.5.After 在在之后之后她下课后就回家了。她下课后就回
18、家了。She went home after class.乘客们都登机后飞机就起飞了。乘客们都登机后飞机就起飞了。The plane took off after all the passengers aboarded.6.Since自从自从,通常主句用现在完成通常主句用现在完成时。时。在我大学毕业后我就从没再去过那儿在我大学毕业后我就从没再去过那儿I have never been there again since I graduated from the university.自从他成为领航员之后，这个船长几乎自从他成为领航员之后，这个船长几乎游遍了世界各地。游遍了世界各地。The ca
19、ptain has traveled almost everywhere in the world since he became a pilot.7.As soon as 一一就就Jack went to school as soon as he got well.杰克一好就去上学了。杰克一好就去上学了。Ill ring you up as soon as I get an answer from him.我一得到他的答复就会给你打电话。我一得到他的答复就会给你打电话。8.Once 一旦一旦就就一旦见到他一旦见到他,你就再也忘不掉他了。你就再也忘不掉他了。Once you see him,y
20、ou will never forget him.你一旦把邮件发出去以后就再也不能撤你一旦把邮件发出去以后就再也不能撤回它了。回它了。You cant get the email back once you have sent it away.9.every time,each time,next time,the first time,any time,all the time等等名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示名词短语用来引导时间状语从句，表示“每当每当，每次，每次；下次；下次”等。等。Teacher:Bob,can you explain inflation?Bob:Sure.Ever
21、y time my dad pays the bills,he blows up.Thats inflation.老师：老师：Bob，你能解释一下，你能解释一下通货膨胀吗？通货膨胀吗？Bob：当然。我爸爸每次付：当然。我爸爸每次付帐单时，他就发脾气（爆帐单时，他就发脾气（爆炸），那就是通货膨胀。炸），那就是通货膨胀。10.before long/long before:1.before long(=soon;by and by)不久以不久以后，与过去时或将来时连用。后，与过去时或将来时连用。long before/ago 很久以前很久以前,常与过去时连用。常与过去时连用。It be+时间时间+
22、before 从句从句这本书在不久以后就会出版。这本书在不久以后就会出版。The book will be published before long/soon.不久之后他们就离开了这座城市。不久之后他们就离开了这座城市。They left the city before long/soon.他很久以前就离开了他的家乡。他很久以前就离开了他的家乡。He had left his homeland long before liberation.我们不久之后就会再见面的。我们不久之后就会再见面的。It wont be long before we meet again.It is long bef
23、ore 很久才很久才It wont be long before 不久不久就就 考题考题:_ he will return to his native land.A.It is long before thatB.It is before long thatC.It wont be long before It will be before long that1.我们到这个城市很久之前我们到这个城市很久之前,彼此就认识彼此就认识.We had known each other long beforewe came to this city.B2.我希望不久后再见到你我希望不久后再见到你.I h
24、ope I will meet you again before long/soon.3.他们早就把工作完了他们早就把工作完了.They(had)finished the work long before/ago.1.I had been waiting _ before Joan arrived.A.some time B.sometimeC.some times D.sometimes2.Mind where you are going _a carhits you.A.while B.when C.after D.before3.Write down the phone number _
25、you forget it.A.while B.when C.after D.beforeADD4.Shake the medicine well _ you take it.A.when B.when C.while D.before5.You must examine your test paper well _ you hand it in.A.when B.when C.while D.beforeDDTranslate these sentences into English1.他从学校回来时，他妈妈正在烧饭。他从学校回来时，他妈妈正在烧饭。When he returned,his
26、mother was cooking.2.他在看书时，他的妻子一直在烧饭。他在看书时，他的妻子一直在烧饭。While he was reading,his wife was cooking.3.他一边烧饭一边唱歌。他一边烧饭一边唱歌。As he cooked,he sang.4.我们正要动身，这时天突然下雨了。我们正要动身，这时天突然下雨了。We were about to start when it began to rain.5.你喜欢踢足球而我喜欢弹钢琴。你喜欢踢足球而我喜欢弹钢琴。You like playing football while I like playing the pi
27、ano.6.随着时间的推移，我们都渐渐长大了。随着时间的推移，我们都渐渐长大了。As time went by,we all grew up.For more exercises,click here.1.-Are you ready for Spain?-Yes,I want the girls to experience that _ they are young.(2008上海上海)A.while B.until C.if D.before 2.I used to love that film _ I was a child,but I dont feel it that way any
28、 more.(2008辽宁辽宁)A.once B.when C.since D.although 高考题高考题AB3._ the Internet is of great help.I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it.(2008湖南湖南)A.If B.While C.Because D.As 4.There were some chairs left over _ everyone had sat down.(2008四川四川)A.when B.until C.that D.where BA5.Nancy enjo
29、yed herself so much _ she visited her friends in Sydney last year.(2008福建福建)A.that B.which C.when D.where6.Im sorry youve been waiting so long,but itll still be some time _ Brian get back.(2008北京北京)A.before B.since C.till D.after CA1.过去完成时的构成过去完成时的构成助动词助动词 had+过去分词过去分词When I got to the station,the t
30、rain had left.2.过去完成时的用法过去完成时的用法:主要是表示在过去某个时间，或是动作之主要是表示在过去某个时间，或是动作之前已经发生或完成的动作。也就是过去的前已经发生或完成的动作。也就是过去的过去。过去。3.常用的几种方式常用的几种方式:The Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时过去完成时(1)用介词用介词by,before 等构成的时间短语。等构成的时间短语。eg.到这个月末，我们已经学习了到这个月末，我们已经学习了20首首英文歌。英文歌。We had learnt 20 English songs by the end of last month.(2)用连
31、词用连词when,before,after或者短语或者短语by the time引导的时间状语从句。引导的时间状语从句。当我到达机场时，飞机已经起飞了。当我到达机场时，飞机已经起飞了。The plane had taken off when I reached the airport.在我起床前，我哥哥就已经从家里出在我起床前，我哥哥就已经从家里出发了。发了。By the time I got up,my brother had left home.今天上午十点钟前今天上午十点钟前,他已完成了这项工他已完成了这项工作。作。He had finished the work before ten
32、oclock this morning.(3)在在when,before等引导的时间状语等引导的时间状语从句中，如果时间状语从句的动作从句中，如果时间状语从句的动作发生在主句之后，则主句用过去完发生在主句之后，则主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。成时，从句用一般过去时。在我妈妈回来之前在我妈妈回来之前,我已经完成了作业。我已经完成了作业。I had already finished my homework before my mother returned.我到运动场时，比赛已经开始了。我到运动场时，比赛已经开始了。The match had already begun when Igot
33、to the playground.(4)过去完成时还可表示从过去某一时间过去完成时还可表示从过去某一时间开始，持续到过去另一时间的动作或状开始，持续到过去另一时间的动作或状态态,往往和由往往和由for,since引导的，表示一段引导的，表示一段时间的短语或从句连用。时间的短语或从句连用。在我爸爸搬到这里之前，他已在学校工在我爸爸搬到这里之前，他已在学校工作五年了。作五年了。My father had worked in the school forfive years before he moved here.昨天我看到了王楠。自离开学校以来，昨天我看到了王楠。自离开学校以来，我们都没有见过
34、面。我们都没有见过面。I saw Wang Nan yesterday.We had not seen each other since we left school.四四.表示意向的动词表示意向的动词，如如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等，等，用过去完成时表示用过去完成时表示“原本原本，未，未能能”我们本希望你能来的，但是你没有。我们本希望你能来的，但是你没有。We had hoped that you would come,but you didnt.Read these extracts and answer the question
35、s.1.After they had become stars in their own country,the Beatles toured the United States.2.Before they visited India,they had recorded seven albums.A.Which came first-becoming stars in their own country,or touring the United states?Becoming stars in their own country.B.Which came first-visiting Ind
36、ia or recording seven albums?Recording seven albums.C.What tense do we use to show that a past event happened before another one?The past perfect tense.1(a)By the late 1960s,their music had changed completely.(b)In the late 1960s,their music changed completely.2(a)By the time they stopped working to
37、gether,they had sold more albums than any other band in history.(b)When they stopped working together,they sold more albums than any other band in history.A.Whats the difference in maening Between the(a)and(b)sentences?1.(a)means that their music had already changed by then.(b)means that it changed
38、then.2.(a)means that they had already sold more albums by then;(b)means that they sold more albums then.B.Is the sequence of events different?Yes.In(a),the event happened before that time;in(b),the event happened at that time.1.Before Ringo _(join)the Beatles,he _(play)drums in another band.2.Before
39、 they _(tour)America,the Beatles _(become)stars in their own country.Complete these sentences with the verbs in brackets.joinedhad playedtouredhad become3.Before they _(record)Let It Be,the Beatles _(record)eleven other albums.4.After they _(record)Let It Be,the band _(split up).5.After the group _(
40、split up),all the Beatles _(perform)as solo artists.recordedhad recordedhad recordedsplit uphad split upperformed1.Unfortunately,he _ at the show after I _.(arrive)(leave)2.By the time we _(arrive)at the stadium,the band _(begin)playing.Complete these sentences with the verbs in brackets.had leftarr
41、ivedarrivedhad begun3.Fortunately,the power cut _(happen)after the fans _(leave)the stadium.4.Before he _(make)his latest album,he _(record)some songs with Paul McCartney.happenedhad leftmadehad recorded1.他说他以前见过你。他说他以前见过你。He said that he _(see)you before.2.到六点钟为止他们已经工作八到六点钟为止他们已经工作八小时了。小时了。By six o
42、clock they _(work)for eight hours.had seenhad worked练习题：练习题：3.我到广州时，他在那里很长时间我到广州时，他在那里很长时间了。了。When I came to Guangzhou,he _(be)there for a long time.4.到上个月中旬我们在北京住了有五年到上个月中旬我们在北京住了有五年时间了。时间了。By the middle of last month we _(live)in Beijing for five years.had beenhad lived5.她到家之前她的孩子已经睡着了。她到家之前她的孩子已经
43、睡着了。When she got home her children _(sleep).6.在他们到达之前电影已经开始了。在他们到达之前电影已经开始了。Before they arrived here the film _ already _(start).had slepthadstarted1.After he _(finish)his work he went out.2.The children ran away after they _ (break)the window.3.I went to Toms house but he _(go)out.had finishedhad b
44、rokenhad gone4.Annie told me that his father _(go)to Paris and he _(come)back in a few days.5.My friend _(buy)the car two years ago.He _(buy)it for two years.had gonewould comeboughthas hadFor more exercises,click here.1.If the weather had been better,we could have had a picnic.But it _ all day.(200
45、8全国全国II)A.rained B.rains C.has rained D.is raining 2.The hotel wasnt particularly good.But I _ in many worse hotels.(2008北北京京)A.was staying B.stayed C.would stay D.had stayed高考题高考题AD3.We first met on a train in 2000.We both felt immediately that we _ each other for years.(2008辽宁辽宁)A.knew B.have knownC.had knownD.know4.The moment I got home,I found I _ my jacket on the playground.(2008陕西陕西)A.had left B.left C.have left D.was leaving CAHomework Review what your have learnt today.
