1、XX高考政治知识点讲解：探究世界的本质高考政治知识点讲解：探究世界的本质XX高考政治知识点高考政治知识点:探究世界的本质探究世界的本质.物质的含义物质的含义?物质是不依赖于人的意识物质是不依赖于人的意识,并能为人的意识所反映的客观实在。并能为人的意识所反映的客观实在。物质的唯一特性是客观实在性。物质的唯一特性是客观实在性。2.为什么说世界是物质的世界为什么说世界是物质的世界?自然界是物质的。人类社会的产生、存在、发展及其构成要素自然界是物质的。人类社会的产生、存在、发展及其构成要素,也具有客观的也具有客观的物质性。人的意识一开始就是社会的产物物质性。人的意识一开始就是社会的产物,它是在劳动中伴
2、随着人和人类社会它是在劳动中伴随着人和人类社会一起产生的。因此一起产生的。因此,世界是物质的世界世界是物质的世界,世界的真正统一性就在于它的物质性。世界的真正统一性就在于它的物质性。3.如何理解人类社会的物质性如何理解人类社会的物质性?人是由古猿转化而来的人是由古猿转化而来的;人类社会是物质世界长期发展的产物人类社会是物质世界长期发展的产物;人类社会在本质人类社会在本质上是一个客观的物质体系上是一个客观的物质体系,构成社会物质生活条件的基本要素是地理环境、人构成社会物质生活条件的基本要素是地理环境、人口因素和生产方式。这三者都是客观的物质要素。这些要素的客观性口因素和生产方式。这三者都是客观的
3、物质要素。这些要素的客观性,集中体集中体现了人类社会的物质性。现了人类社会的物质性。4.什么是运动什么是运动?哲学上讲的运动是指宇宙间一切事物、现象的变化和过程。哲学上讲的运动是指宇宙间一切事物、现象的变化和过程。5.物质和运动的关系物质和运动的关系?物质是运动的物质物质是运动的物质,世界上一切事物都处于运动和变化之中。运动是物质的世界上一切事物都处于运动和变化之中。运动是物质的固有属性和存在方式。世界上不存在固有属性和存在方式。世界上不存在脱离运动的物质。脱离运动的物质。运动是物质的运动运动是物质的运动,物质是运动的承担着物质是运动的承担着,脱离物质的运动是根本不存在的。脱离物质的运动是根本
4、不存在的。物质和运动是不可分割的。物质和运动是不可分割的。6.什么什么China is a very big country where different dialects are spoken.Can you list some of them?Pre-reading汉语方言分布图汉语方言分布图Warming up 1.What is standard English?2.What is dialect?(Discuss with your partner and give the definition(定义定义)2.Why are there so many dialects in th
5、e US?3.Can Americans understand each others dialects?4.Why do people from both Northwestern and Southeastern of U.S.speak with almost the same dialect?5.According to the whole passage,which doesnt play a part in making dialects?1.How many dialects of American English have been listed in the text?Ski
6、mming1.How many dialects of American English have been listed in the text?Mid-western,southern,African American,Spanish dialects.Skimming2.Why are there so many dialects in the US?(Give two reasons)Because people have come from all over the world.Geography also plays a part in making dialects.Yes,Am
7、ericans can recognize and understand each others dialects.3.Can Americans understand each others dialects?4.Why do people from both Northwestern and Southeastern of U.S.speak with almost the same dialect?Because when Americans moved from one place to anther,they took their dialects with them.5.Accor
8、ding to the whole passage,which doesnt play a part in making dialects?A.History B.Tradition C.Age D.GeographyC Detailed reading Listen to the tape again and find out the topic sentence(主题句，中心句)of each paragraph(段落).Para.1 There is no such thing as standard English.Para.2 whats a dialect?When people
9、use words and expressions different from the “standard language”,it is called a dialect.Para.3 Geography also plays a part in making dialects.1.Read para 1 and answer.2.Q:In the writers opinion,is there 3.standard English?4.Believe it or not,there is no such thing as standard English.2.Read para 2-3
10、 and complete the chart below:Detailed ReadingWhat is a dialect?American English dialects mentioned_,southern,_ American and _ dialectsWhy does the US have so many dialects?Can Americans understand each other?midwesternAfrican Spanish Words and expressions different from the“standard language”1)Peop
11、le have come from all over the world.2)Geography plays a part inAlthough many Americans move a lot,they still recognize and understand each others dialects.1.Whats standard English?什么是标准英语什么是标准英语?standard (n.)标准标准,规格规格 (adj.)标准的标准的 meet standard 符合标准符合标准 standard of living 生活水平生活水平 Language points造句
12、：造句：人们的生活水平正在日益改善。人们的生活水平正在日益改善。Peoples standard of living is improving day by day.2.Believe it or not,theres no such thing as standard English.believe it or not 信不信由你信不信由你 no such thing as 没有没有样的东西样的东西造句：信不信由你，世上没有免费的午餐。造句：信不信由你，世上没有免费的午餐。Believe it or not,theres no such thing as free lunch in the
13、world.3.This is because in the early days of radio,This is because 这是因为这是因为造句：造句：我今天早晨起床晚了，这是因为我今天早晨起床晚了，这是因为我昨晚玩电脑游戏了。我昨晚玩电脑游戏了。I got up late this morning.This is because I played computer games last night.4.those(who reported the news)were expected to speak excellent English.造句：那些充分利用时间的人最造句：那些充分利
14、用时间的人最终会取得成功终会取得成功。Those who make full use of time will get succeed at last.expect sb.to do 期望（盼望）某人做某事Sb.Be Expected to do sth.被动造句：造句：我们期望他赢得比赛。我们期望他赢得比赛。We expect him to win the match.5.However,even on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.然而然而,甚至在电视上或收音机里都会听甚至在电视上或收音
15、机里都会听到人们在说话时的差异。到人们在说话时的差异。the way后面接定语从句时后面接定语从句时,关系代词用关系代词用that/in which或者不填。或者不填。I did it in the way that/in which/X you taught me.6.America English has many dialects,especially the midwestern,southern,African American and Spanish dialects.美国英语有很多方言美国英语有很多方言,尤其是在中西尤其是在中西部、南部地区的方言，以及黑人和西班部、南部地区的方言
16、，以及黑人和西班牙人的方言。牙人的方言。especially 尤其尤其,表达事物不寻常或表达事物不寻常或特别重要特别重要 specially 专门专门(指专为某一目的指专为某一目的)Our garden is beautiful,_ in autumn.I came here _to see you.speciallyespecially6.Geography also plays a part in making dialects.地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。play a part/role in 起起作用；作用；扮演角色。扮演角色。Our monitor p
17、lays an important part in our class.造句：造句：我们的班长在班级中起着重我们的班长在班级中起着重要作用。要作用。即学即学 即练即练 根据括号内的提示，用根据括号内的提示，用play a part in的适当形式完成句子。的适当形式完成句子。1.My friend Jim is looking forward to a chance _（在（在电视里扮演角色）电视里扮演角色）2.A good diet _ _（在帮助人们长寿方（在帮助人们长寿方面起着非常大的作用）面起着非常大的作用）.plays a large part in helping people l
18、ive longerto play a part in a TV play7.Although many Americans move a lot,they still recognize each others dialects.虽然许多美国人经常搬家虽然许多美国人经常搬家,但他们但他们 仍然能够辨认彼此的方言。仍然能够辨认彼此的方言。recognize 认出认出 承认，公认承认，公认He has grown old.I cant recognize him at the first sight.We recognized it as lawful government.recognize+
19、that 从句从句 sb./sth.+to be sb./sth.as造句：我们认为他是一个好老师。造句：我们认为他是一个好老师。1.We recognize that hes a good teacher.2.We recognize him to be a good teacher.3.We recognize him as a good teacher.Writing:Brainstorm with a partner on the following topic:Why should we learn English?to read English books to talk to n
20、ative speakers to use in schoolto write to pen friendsto talk to native speakersto listen to Englishmusic and moviesHomework1:Review the words and language points we have learnt in this lesson.(1)事实上，他并没有你想得那么好。事实上，他并没有你想得那么好。（as a matter of fact）(2)他说英语带着很强的德国口音。他说英语带着很强的德国口音。（with(a)dialect)(3)尽管我们学尽管我们学 过这个短语，但是我们还是过这个短语，但是我们还是 发现发现 运用它很难。运用它很难。（even though)(4)如果你想练好口语，你最好利用每一个如果你想练好口语，你最好利用每一个 机会和当地人交流。机会和当地人交流。（make use of)Homework2Translation
