1、Unit 1 Reading:A student of African Wildlife非洲野生动物研究者12022-11-722022-11-7Para 1 It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa.Following Janes way of studying chimps,our group are all going to visit them in the forest.Jane has studied these families of chimps for ma
2、ny years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans.【1.Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day】.【2.This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before.】Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while
3、 the family begins to wake up and move off.现在分词短语作方式状语现在分词短语作方式状语，follow与句子主语 our group 是主动关系，故用现在分词how much 引导宾语从句，引导宾语从句，作作understand的宾语的宾语mean doing 意味着做某事意味着做某事mean to do 打算做某事打算做某事in a tree 在树上在树上（树以外的东西）（树以外的东西）on a tree 在树上在树上（树上原生的东西）（树上原生的东西）while 引导时间状语从句，意为引导时间状语从句，意为“当当的时候的时候”。32022-11-7
4、1.Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day.我们当天的第一个活动是观察黑猩猩一家醒来。Sentence structure：主语：主语：watch sb do 看见某人做了某事（全过程）（全过程）watch sb doing 看见某人正在做正在做某事 watch sb/sth done 看见被被谓语：谓语：表语：表语：Watching is （系动词）our first activity 42022-11-7v-ing（动名词）作主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式（动名词）作主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式
5、注意：若有两个或两个以上动名词作主语注意：若有两个或两个以上动名词作主语时，谓语动词单复数：时，谓语动词单复数：当作主语的两个并列的动名词表达一个整体意义时，谓语动词用单数；若表达个体意义时，谓语动词用复数。1.Sitting and talking to old friends _ a pleasant way of spending an evening.2.Watching TV and reading books _ really interesting.isare52022-11-72.This means going back to the place where we left
6、the family sleeping in a tree the night before.这意味着我们要返回前一天晚上我们离开黑猩猩一家睡觉的大树旁。Sentence structure：主句：主句：从句：从句：This means going back to the place where we left the familysleeping in a tree where 引导的定语从句，先行词 place现在分词作后置定语，修饰 the family 62022-11-7Then we follow as they wander into the forest.Most of the
7、 time,chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family.Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right.However,the evening makes it all worthwhile.We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree.Then we see t
8、hem go to sleep together in their nest for the night.We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family.wander v.闲逛；漫步闲逛；漫步wander around 在在附近闲逛附近闲逛wander into/through 闲逛进入闲逛进入either or 或者或者或者或者连接两个并列主语时遵循就近一致就近一致原则（否定：neither nor ）warn v.警告；提醒警告；提醒=remind wa
9、rn sb.of sth.提醒某人某事提醒某人某事warn sb.to do 提醒某人做某事提醒某人做某事warn sb.not to do 警告某人不要做某事警告某人不要做某事warn+that 从句从句make+宾语宾语+宾补宾补（形容词（形容词 worthwhile 作宾补）作宾补）bond n.联系；关系；纽带联系；关系；纽带the bond between A and B A与与 B之间的纽带之间的纽带/联系联系a bond of friendship 友谊的纽带友谊的纽带72022-11-7Para 2 Nobody before Jane fully understood chi
10、mp behaviour.She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment.However,this was not easy.【3.When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960,it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest.】【4.Only after her mother
11、 came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project】.【5.Her work changed the way people think about chimps.】chimp behaviour 黑猩猩的行为黑猩猩的行为名词作定语修饰名词的用法：名词作定语修饰名词的用法：作定语的名词来说明被修饰名词的材料、用途、作定语的名词来说明被修饰名词的材料、用途、地点、内容、类别等。地点、内容、类别等。a diamond necklace 一条钻石项链一条钻石项链（材料）（材料）a meeting
12、 room 会议室会议室（用途）（用途）body temperature 体温体温（地点）（地点）piano lessons 钢琴课钢琴课（内容）（内容）a bus driver 公交车司机公交车司机（类别）（类别）spend time/money+on sth.spend time/money+(in)doing.e.g.I spent two hours on this math problem.这道数学题花了两个小时 They spent two years(in)building this bridge.record v.记录；录制记录；录制 n.纪录唱片纪录唱片set the wor
13、ld record 创下世界纪录创下世界纪录keep the record 保持记录保持记录break the record 打破记录打破记录82022-11-73.When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960,it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest.当她1960 年最初来到贡贝时，对女性来说住进大森林还是很少见的事情。Sentence structure：主句：主句：从句：从句：it was unusual for a womanWhen she first arrived on Gombe in 1
14、960to live in the forestwhen引导的时间状语从句，“当 的时候”it为形式主语不定式是真正的主语92022-11-74.Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project.她母亲头几个月来帮她的忙，这才使得她得以开始自己的计划。Sentence structure：“Only+状语状语”位于句首时，主句部分要用部分倒装。位于句首时，主句部分要用部分倒装。Only +状语从句状语从句副词副词介词短语介词短语+情态动词情态动
15、词/助动词助动词/be+主语主语+其他其他正常语序：She was allowed to begin her project after her mother came to help her for the first few months.只有.，才.，only 表示强调102022-11-7e.g.Only when we lose something,will we know we should value it.（状语从句）只有当我们失去某物是，我们才意识到应该珍惜它。Only then did I realize the importance of learning.（副词）直到那
16、时我才意识到学习的重要性。Only in this way can you work out the problem.(介词短语）只有用这种方式你才能够算出那道题。注意：若注意：若 Only 修饰的是主语，则句子不能倒装。修饰的是主语，则句子不能倒装。e.g.Only he didnt attend our class.只有他没来上课。112022-11-7Practice:语法填空 Only after we left the building _ we aware of how dangerous the situation had been.Only then _ he understa
17、nd the principle of a generator.Only when the competition was over did he _(calm)down to relax himself.weredidcalm122022-11-75.Her work changed the way people think about chimps.她的工作改变了人们对黑猩猩的看法。Sentence structure：主句：主句：从句：从句：Her work changed the way people think about chimps定语从句省略关系代词that/in whicht
18、hat/in which132022-11-7way作作“方式，方法方式，方法”用时，接定语从句的两种情况：用时，接定语从句的两种情况：（1）way 后面的定语从句缺主语或宾语时，关系词用后面的定语从句缺主语或宾语时，关系词用that/which（that/which在从句作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可省略）在从句作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可省略）e.g.The way(that/which)he used to make the drink is unique.他制作这种饮料使用的方法很独特。（that/which作宾语）The way that/which is thought of by
19、him was similar to mine.他想出的这个方法和我的类似。（that/which作主语）（2）way 后面的定语从句缺状语时，关系词用后面的定语从句缺状语时，关系词用that/in which引导。引导。e.g.I like the way(that)he talks.（that 通常省略）=I like the way in which he talks.我喜欢他说话的方式。在非正式文体中，此时的 that 是关系副词，称为万能关系副词=in which/where/when/why 等。一般可以省略。142022-11-7For example,【6.one import
20、ant thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat】.Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts.【7.She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it】.She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other,and her study of their body language h
21、elped her work out their social system.work out 解决；算出；弄懂；锻炼解决；算出；弄懂；锻炼work out a solution 找出解决办法找出解决办法work out a problem 解决问题解决问题152022-11-76.One important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat.她发现的一件重要的事是黑猩猩捕猎且吃肉。Sentence structure：主句：主句：从句从句1：从句从句 2：One important thing was that.th
22、at chimps hunt and eat meat表语从句that/which主主系系表表she discovered 先行词是thing省略that/which 的定语从句162022-11-7 7.She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it.事实上她看到过一群黑猩猩捕杀一只猴子，然后把它吃掉。Sentence structure：句子主干：句子主干：She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then
23、eating it 主主谓谓宾宾介词短语作介词短语作后置定语后置定语observe sb/sth doing 现在分词作宾补，表示正在进行的动作 172022-11-7Para 3 For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for
24、entertainment or advertisements.【8.She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely】.She is leading a busy life but she says:”【9.Once I stop,it all comes crowding in】and I remember the chimps in laboratories.Its terrible.It affects me when I watch the wild chimps.I say to myself,Ar
25、ent they lucky?And then I think about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong.Once you have seen that you can never forget.make+宾语宾语+宾补宾补（不带（不带 to 的动词不定式作宾补，变的动词不定式作宾补，变被动要把被动要把 to 补上）补上）The rest of the world are made to understand and respect the life of these animals.argue+that 主
26、张主张that从句要用从句要用(should)+v的虚拟语气的虚拟语气the rest of 剩下的，其余的剩下的，其余的the rest of+可数名词复数形式可数名词复数形式+复数谓语动词复数谓语动词the rest of+可数名词单数形式可数名词单数形式+单数谓语动词单数谓语动词the rest of+不可数名词不可数名词+单数谓语动词单数谓语动词e.g.The rest of the work _to be finished tomorrow.The rest of the apples _ on the table.The rest of of the apple _ on the
27、table.affect vt.使影响；深深打动；使悲伤使影响；深深打动；使悲伤182022-11-78.She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely.她帮助建立了黑猩猩可以安全生活的保护区。Sentence structure：主句：主句：从句：从句：She has helped to set up special places where they can live safelywhere引导的定语从句，先行词places192022-11-7set up （1）建立；设立；开办；创建建立；设立；开办；
28、创建e.g.A modern society has been set up in what was a wasteland ten years ago.一座现代化的城市在十年前还是一片荒地的地方建立起来了。（2）竖立；安装好竖立；安装好 e.g.set up a flagpole 竖起一个旗杆（3）创造（纪录）创造（纪录）e.g.我们听说他创造了百米赛跑新的世界纪录。We heard that he set up a new world record for the 100 meters.202022-11-7set 短语拓展：短语拓展：set aside 留出（时间或金钱）；把留出（时间或
29、金钱）；把放到一旁放到一旁set down set off set out set out to do=set about doing set an example for sb.记下，写下；让某人下车记下，写下；让某人下车出发；动身（出发；动身（+for+地点）；使地点）；使爆炸爆炸动身；启程（动身；启程（+for+地点）；开始工作地点）；开始工作开始开始/着手做某事着手做某事 为某人树立榜样为某人树立榜样212022-11-7Practice:Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur,who in May 2015 set _ her business
30、AilieCandy.The simplest definition of success,I think,is“to set out _(do)something and to succeed inn doing it.Armed with the information you have gathered,you can set about _(prepare)your business plan.You had better set _ some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.Chine
31、se people traditionally set _ firecrackers during the Spring Festival.upto dopreparingasideoff222022-11-79.Once I stop,it all comes crowding in.我一停下来，一切就涌上心头。Sentence structure：once此处用做连词。意为此处用做连词。意为“一旦一旦就就”，用于连接时，用于连接时间状语从句间状语从句归纳总结：归纳总结：“一一.就就”的不同表达方式的不同表达方式 232022-11-7归纳总结：归纳总结：“一一.就就”的不同表达方式：的不同
32、表达方式：no sooner than.hardly when scarcely when/before as soon as 含有否定意义的副词或含有否定意义的副词或连词连词位于句首时位于句首时主句部主句部分要用分要用部分倒装部分倒装e.g.他一到达火车站，火车就开走了。他一到达火车站，火车就开走了。No sooner had he got to the station than the train started.Hardly had he got to the station when the train started.Scarcely had he got to the statio
33、n when the train started.He got to the station as soon as the train started.242022-11-7Para 4 She has achieved everything she wanted to do:working with animals in their own environment,gaining a doctors degree and showing that women can live in the forest as men can.She inspires those who want to ch
34、eer the achievements of women.定语从句，省略关系词thateverything 的同位语的同位语gain a doctors degree 获得博士学位获得博士学位a masters degree 硕士学位硕士学位a bachelors degree 学士学位学士学位252022-11-7Jane Goodall has studied the chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave 1._ humans.2._ her childhood she had wa
35、nted to work with animals in their own environment.However，this was not easy.When she arrived at Gombe in 1960，it was 3._(usual)for a woman to live in the forest.Only after her mother came to help her for 4._ first few months was she allowed to begin her project.She spent many years 5._(observe)and
36、recording their daily activities，and watching them wake up was her first activity of every day.She also discovered 6._ chimps communicate with each other.She 7._(argue)that they should be left around the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.She has helped to set up special places 8.
37、_ they can live safely.She has achieved everything she wanted to do，and she 9._ (respect)by many people around the world.And now she inspires those who want to cheer the 10._(achieve)of women.likeSinceunusualtheobservinghowhas arguedwhereis respectedachievements262022-11-71.Review the language points in Reading.2.Finish the exercises in the workbook.272022-11-7282022-11-7
