1、Summary Writing12Criteria for a good summary 理解准确，涵盖全部要点。能准确使用相应的语法结构和词汇。完全使用自己的语言。有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使所完成的概要结构紧凑。Contents(内容)Language skills(语言)Structure(结构)22022-11-7 In the UK,Physical Education(PE)is compulsory in state schools until the age of 16 that is,sports are compulsory for as long as educati
2、on is compulsory.Every year,more and more parents complain to their childrens schools about PE.They believe that their children shouldnt have to participate in physical activity if they dont want to.Supporters of PE,however,believe that it is a crucial element of all-round schooling and our societys
3、 well-being.They insist PE in schools remains one of the few places by which the youth can be forced to participate in aerobic(有氧的)exercise.Firstly,they believe that participation in sport promotes health.In fact physical education is a springboard for involvement in sport and physical activities th
4、roughout life.Government is,or should be,concerned with the health of its citizens.Encouraging physical activity in the young through compulsory PE fights child obesity and contributes to forming lifelong habits of exercise.This doesnt have to be through traditional team sports;increasingly schools
5、are able to offer exercise in the form of swimming,gymnastics,dance,etc.Besides,physical education helps to develop character and the mutual(相互的)respect required to succeed in an adult environment.Playing team sports builds character and encourages students to work with others,as they would be expec
6、ted to do in most business or sporting environments.Sport teaches children how to win and lose with good grace and builds a strong school spirit through competition with other institutions.It is often the experience of playing on a team together that builds the strongest friendships at school,which
7、endure for years afterwards.Finally,the pursuit for national sporting achievement begins in schools.If schools dont have compulsory PE,it is much harder to pick out,develop and equip athletes to represent the country on a wider stage.However,its much easier to find suitable individuals if theres a f
8、ull sports program in every school.32022-11-7Step 1:Identify the genre(体裁)and topic of the passage.Genre:A.Narration(记叙文).B.Exposition(说明文).C.Argumentation(议论文).Topic:Compulsory Physical Education in the UK42022-11-7Step 2:Find the topic sentences and figure out the structure of the passage.A B C520
9、22-11-7The structure of the passage Topic:Compulsory PE in the UKReason/Benefit 1Reason/Benefit 2Reason/Benefit 362022-11-7Step 2:Find the topic sentences and figure out the structure of the passage.Para.1 More and more parents complain to their childrens schools about PE.Supporters of PE,however,be
10、lieve that it is a crucial element of all-round schooling and our societys well-being.In the UK,Physical Education(PE)is compulsory in state schools until the age of 16 that is,sports are compulsory for as long as education is compulsory.Every year,more and more parents complain to their childrens s
11、chools about PE.They believe that their children shouldnt have to participate in physical activity if they dont want to.Supporters of PE,however,believe that it is a crucial element of all-round schooling and our societys well-being.They insist PE in schools remains one of the few places by which th
12、e youth can be forced to participate in aerobic(有氧的)exercise._72022-11-7Step 2:Find the topic sentences and figure out the structure of the passage.Para.2 Firstly,they believe that participation in sport promotes pulsory PE fights child obesity and contributes to forming lifelong habits of exercise.
13、Firstly,they believe that participation in sport promotes health.In fact physical education is a springboard for involvement in sport and physical activities throughout life.Government is,or should be,concerned with the health of its citizens.Encouraging physical activity in the young through compul
14、sory PE fights child obesity and contributes to forming lifelong habits of exercise.This doesnt have to be through traditional team sports;increasingly schools are able to offer exercise in the form of swimming,gymnastics,dance,etc._82022-11-7Step 2:Find the topic sentences and figure out the struct
15、ure of the passage.Para.3 Besides,physical education helps to develop character and the mutual respect required to succeed in an adult environment.Besides,physical education helps to develop character and the mutual(相互的)respect required to succeed in an adult environment.Playing team sports builds c
16、haracter and encourages students to work with others,as they would be expected to do in most business or sporting environments.Sport teaches children how to win and lose with good grace and builds a strong school spirit through competition with other institutions.It is often the experience of playin
17、g on a team together that builds the strongest friendships at school,which endure for years afterwards._92022-11-7Step 2:Find the topic sentences and figure out the structure of the passage.Para.4Finally,the pursuit for national sporting achievement begins in schools.its much easier to pick out,deve
18、lop and equip athletes to represent the country on a wider stage.Finally,the pursuit for national sporting achievement begins in schools.If schools dont have compulsory PE,it is much harder to pick out,develop and equip athletes to represent the country on a wider stage.However,its much easier to fi
19、nd suitable individuals if theres a full sports program in every school._102022-11-7topic sentences Para.1 Para.2 Para.3 Para.4 More and more parents complain to their childrens schools about PE.Supporters of PE,however,believe that it is a crucial element of all-round schooling and our societys wel
20、l-being.Firstly,they believe that participation in sport promotes pulsory PE fights child obesity and contributes to forming lifelong habits of exercise.Besides,physical education helps to develop character and the mutual respect required to succeed in an adult environment.Finally,the pursuit for na
21、tional sporting achievement begins in schools.Its much easier to pick out,develop and equip athletes to represent the country on a wider stage.112022-11-7Tips on rewriting(改述)1.Use synonyms and near-synonyms(运用同义词和近义词)2.Use active/passive voice(主被动换用)3.Change word forms(改换词形)4.Generalize from detail
22、s(归纳细节)5.Express the opposite meaning(正话反说)Step 3:Rewrite the topic sentences 122022-11-7 Para.1 More and more parents complain to their childrens schools about PE.Supporters of PE,however,believe that it is a crucial element of all-round schooling and our societys well-being.Step 3:Rewrite the topi
23、c sentences Despite parental complaint about childrens forced involvement in sport,advocates of PE highlight the significance and necessity of compulsory PE in schools.Despite parental complaint about childrens forced involvement in sport,advocates of compulsory PE regard it vital to schooling and s
24、ociety and therefore absolutely necessary.132022-11-7 Para.2 Firstly,they believe that participation in sport promotes pulsory PE fights child obesity and contributes to forming lifelong habits of exercise.Step 3:Rewrite the topic sentences Firstly,it betters childrens health by obesity and encourag
25、ing them to work out.Firstly,it students child obesity and in exercise,thus resulting in their.142022-11-7 Para.3 Secondly,PE assists the young in developing the team spirit,learning to respect mutually and building strong friendships.Step 3:Rewrite the topic sentences,physical education provides vi
26、tal factors in students future success,like character development,mutual respect,teamwork and lasting friendships.,it cultivates students character development,sportsmanship,teamwork and lasting friendships,making for their future success.152022-11-7 Para.4 Finally,the pursuit for national sporting
27、achievement begins in schools.Its much easier to pick out,develop and equip athletes to represent the country on a wider stage.Step 3:Rewrite the topic sentences Lastly,as a convenient approach to selecting potential athletes,PE lays a solid foundation for national sporting achievement.At last,compu
28、lsory PE in schools makes for the easier selection of excellent athletes to fight for national sporting honor.162022-11-7Step 4:Include different information in a logical sentence.1.adversative relation(转折)but,however,on the contrary,despite,while-clause,etc.2.causal relation(因果)therefore,owing to,a
29、s a result of,be attributed to,contribute to,account for,(thus)v-ing,etc.172022-11-7Step 5:Combine the sentences to form a passage.Pay attention to the following aspects:1.conciseness(简洁)2.precision(准确)3.coherence(连贯)Tips on how to combine sentences:1.Use linking words/phrases/clauses(运用连接性词句)2.Use
30、various sentence patterns(运用多种句型)182022-11-7One possible version Despite parental complaint about childrens forced involvement in sport,advocates of PE highlight the significance and necessity of compulsory PE in schools.(1)Firstly,it betters childrens health by distancing them from obesity and enco
31、uraging them to work out habitually.(2)Moreover,it cultivates students character development,sportsmanship,teamwork and lasting friendships,making for their future success.(3)Lastly,as a convenient approach to selecting potential athletes,PE lays a solid foundation for national sporting achievement.(4)(73 words)192022-11-7
