1、Unit 3 A healthy life Learning about Language1.Revise the useful words and expressions.2.Master the usage of “it”.Learning aims Find a word or phrase that means the same as the underlined words in each sentence.1.You will be able to stop smoking eventually if you are determined enough.2.Having lived
2、 in Hawaii all his life,he was not used to the cold of Northern Europe.3.She felt embarrassed about her body shape,so she decided to go on a diet.4.Running a marathon will leave you out of breath.toughaccustomed toashamedbreathlessLeading-inquit5.You really have no idea just how hopeless cancer can
3、make you feel.6.The effects of drinking too much alcohol on your health can be serious.7.Doing exercises every day can not only makeyour muscles stronger but also help you relax.desperate(The)alcoholic(effects)strengthen your muscles8.If you are expecting a baby,your smoking habit might cause proble
4、ms for it.9.In spite of all his efforts he failed.He was so upset about himself that he felt like crying.10.He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of taking risks.pregnantdisappointeddecide on1.She felt embarrassed about her body shape,so she decided to go on a diet.她对自己的体形感到尴尬她对自己
5、的体形感到尴尬,所以她决定节食。所以她决定节食。embarrassed adj.尴尬的尴尬的;陷入困境的陷入困境的Nowadays many young girls are embarrassed about their weight.如今许多年轻女孩因自己的体重而尴尬。如今许多年轻女孩因自己的体重而尴尬。Language pointsHe was embarrassed to admit making a mistake.他很尴尬地承认犯了一个错误。他很尴尬地承认犯了一个错误。【即学即练即学即练】完成句子。完成句子。I how untidy the house was.这房子太不整洁了这房子
6、太不整洁了,我对此感到很难为情。我对此感到很难为情。felt embarrassed about【知识拓展知识拓展】be embarrassed to do sth.对做某事感到尴尬对做某事感到尴尬be embarrassed about sth.对对感到难为情感到难为情2.In spite of all his efforts he failed.尽管竭尽全力尽管竭尽全力,他还是失败了。他还是失败了。in spite of 不管不管;不顾不顾In spite of the hot weather they still run in theplayground.尽管天气炎热尽管天气炎热,他们仍
7、在操场上跑步。他们仍在操场上跑步。In spite of applying for hundreds of jobs,he isstill out of work.尽管他申请了数百份工作尽管他申请了数百份工作,但他仍然在失业中。但他仍然在失业中。in spite of,despite,although/though(1)despite in spite of,所以不能再和所以不能再和of连用。连用。(2)“in spite of/despiten.”相当于相当于“although/though从句从句”【易混辨析易混辨析】(2)I didnt get the job I had all the
8、 necessary qualifications.尽管我有所有必要的资质尽管我有所有必要的资质,但我没有得到那份工作。但我没有得到那份工作。in spite of the fact that【即学即练即学即练】用用spite完成句子。完成句子。(1)We went out the rain.We went out it was raining.尽管下着雨尽管下着雨,我们还是出去了。我们还是出去了。in spite ofdespitealthoughthough3.He felt he had to make up his mind on every step instead of takin
9、g risks.他感到每一步都要下定决心而不是冒险。他感到每一步都要下定决心而不是冒险。take risks(a risk)冒险冒险Shes too sensible to take a risk when shes driving.她开车时很有判断力而不致冒险。她开车时很有判断力而不致冒险。(1)at risk(of.)处于处于(的的)危险之中危险之中;冒冒(的的)风险风险at all risks(at any risk)无论冒什么风险无论冒什么风险run risks/a risk 冒险冒险take/run the risk of doing sth.冒险做某事冒险做某事;(2)risk s
10、th.以以作为赌注作为赌注risk doing sth.冒险做冒险做risk ones life to do sth.冒着生命危险做某事冒着生命危险做某事【知识拓展知识拓展】(1)By criticizing her boss,she her position.批评老板使她冒失去职位之险。批评老板使她冒失去职位之险。(2)I didnt want to leaving John alone.我不想冒险把约翰单独留下。我不想冒险把约翰单独留下。(3)(2016全国卷全国卷)I ran the risk of _(lose)those students who had a different st
11、yle of thinking.risked losing take the risk of【即学即练即学即练】完成句子。完成句子。losing4Of course the best way to deal with these drugs is not to get into the habit in the first place!当然当然,对付这些毒品最好的方法是首先别养成对付这些毒品最好的方法是首先别养成(吸毒的吸毒的)习惯习惯!（1）Nobody likes to get into trouble.（2）He has got into the habit of smoking.（3）
12、I first got into rock nroll when I was at college.对对产生兴趣产生兴趣仔细观察下列句子仔细观察下列句子,写出写出get into的含义。的含义。get into陷入陷入;染上染上(坏习惯坏习惯);对对产生兴趣产生兴趣陷入陷入染上染上(坏习惯坏习惯)get along/on(with)进展进展;相处相处get away with 做做而不受惩罚而不受惩罚get over 克服克服;恢复过来恢复过来get through 完成完成;通过通过;接通电话接通电话;【即学即练即学即练】(1)The business is _very well.生意进行得
13、很不错。生意进行得很不错。(2)Dont _spitting everywhere.不要养成到处吐痰的习惯。不要养成到处吐痰的习惯。【知识拓展知识拓展】getting alongget into the habit ofDiscovering“It”1.It rains heavily.2.It is 20 kilometres from Grandads house to James.3.It is November 11,2005.4.It is 9 oclock at night.5.Itll be lovely in the garden tonight 6.It is bad to
14、smoke.7.It is likely that he will succeed.天气天气距离距离日期日期时间时间形式主语形式主语环境环境形式主语形式主语Grammar1.it的最基本用法是作代词的最基本用法是作代词,主要指刚提到的事物主要指刚提到的事物,以避以避免重复免重复:Xian is a beautiful city,isnt it?2.也可以指动物或婴儿也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子未知性别的婴儿或孩子):Is this your dog？No,it isnt.一、一、it 作人称代词作人称代词it有时并不指具体的东西有时并不指具体的东西,而泛指天气、时间、日期、而泛指天
15、气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等,称为非人称的称为非人称的it：1.指天气：指天气：It is a lovely day,isnt it?It is a bit windy.2.指时间指时间:It was nearly midnight when she came back.3.指环境指环境:It was very quiet in the caf.4.指距离：指距离：It is half an hours walk to the city centre from my home.二、二、it作非人称代词作非人称代词 5.指日期：指日期：Whats
16、the date today?Its May 1,2007.6.指季节：指季节：It is summer now.7.指度量：指度量：It is about 5 kilograms.8.指价值：指价值：Whats the price of the T-shirt?It is 150 yuan.替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词,而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。动名词置于句尾。三、三、it用作形式主语用作形式主语（1）It be adj.（for sb.）to do sth.此处此处adj.通常为描述事件的
17、形容词：通常为描述事件的形容词：easy,difficult,hard,necessary,unnecessary,possible,impossible,likely,unlikely,right,wrong,important,unimportant,legal,illegal,well-mannered,ill-mannered,polite,impolite,clear,obvious,certain,suitable,proper,fit,useful,useless,dangerous例如：例如：It is illegal（for a teenager）to drive a car
18、 without a license.没有驾照开车对青少年来说是犯法的。没有驾照开车对青少年来说是犯法的。1.替代作主语的动词不定式替代作主语的动词不定式（2）It be adj.of sb.to do sth.此处此处adj.通常为描述人的形容词：通常为描述人的形容词：kind,unkind,nice,rude,cruel,considerate,thoughtful,thoughtless,careful,careless,silly,foolish,stupid,clever,wise,crazy.例如：例如：Its kind of you to help me with the pro
19、blem.你帮助我解答这个问题真是太好了。你帮助我解答这个问题真是太好了。2.it作形式主语替代主语从句作形式主语替代主语从句 It is clear(obvious,true,possible,certain)that.该句型中该句型中it 是形式主语是形式主语,真正的主语是真正的主语是that 引导的主语引导的主语 从句从句,常译为常译为“清楚清楚(显然显然,真的真的)”,”,是主语从是主语从 句最常见的一种结构。例如：句最常见的一种结构。例如：It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree.很明显他很圆很高很明显他很圆很高,就像一
20、棵树。就像一棵树。(1)It is adj.+that-clause It is said(reported/learned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.)that.该句型中的该句型中的it 仍是形式主语仍是形式主语,真正主语是真正主语是that 引导的主引导的主语从句语从句;该结构常译为该结构常译为“据说据说(据报道据报道,据悉据悉)”。It is said that he has come to Beijing.据说他来北京了。据说他来北京了。It is reported that another earth satellite has been p
21、ut into orbit.据报道又一颗地球卫星进入轨道。据报道又一颗地球卫星进入轨道。(2)It is v.-ed that=sb./sth.is to do(3)It is+noun+从句从句 It is a pity(a shame/an honor/a good thing/a fact/a surprise.)that.该句型中该句型中,that后的从句一般用虚拟语气后的从句一般用虚拟语气should+动词动词原形原形,should可省去。表示出乎意料可省去。表示出乎意料,常译为常译为“竟然竟然”。没没有这种意义时有这种意义时,则不用虚拟语气。则不用虚拟语气。例如：例如：It is
22、a pity that such a thing(should)happen in your class！这种事竟然发生在你们班上这种事竟然发生在你们班上,真是遗憾！真是遗憾！It is a pity that he is ill.他生病了他生病了,真遗憾！真遗憾！四、四、it作形式宾语作形式宾语 当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词、宾语从句当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词、宾语从句时时,往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面,而用而用it 作形式宾作形式宾语语,放在宾语补足语之前。放在宾语补足语之前。该句型中的该句型中的it 作形式宾语作形式宾语,常用的动词有常用的动词有
23、think,believe,make,find,consider,feel等。等。I think it no use arguing with him.我认为和他争吵没有用。我认为和他争吵没有用。I found it very interesting to study English.我发现学英语非常有趣。我发现学英语非常有趣。He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject.他非常清楚地表示他对这门学科不感兴趣。他非常清楚地表示他对这门学科不感兴趣。1.Sarah made it to the airport just i
24、n time to catch her plane this morning.今天早晨萨拉今天早晨萨拉_,赶上了飞机。赶上了飞机。2.No matter where he is,he makes it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.不管他在哪里不管他在哪里,_。3.Whos that at the door?It is the milkman.谁在大门那儿谁在大门那儿?_。Class exercises.翻译句子。翻译句子。及时到达机场及时到达机场早饭之前去散步成了他的习惯早饭之前去散步成了他的习惯是送牛奶的人是送牛奶的人1.Im still
25、 fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.That is amazing.2.You could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.It is likely.3.China produces one third of the worlds cigarettes.It is reported.It is amazing that I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.It is likely that
26、you could suffer from bad healthif you keep smoking.It is reported that China produces one third of the worlds cigarettes.用用it作形式主语改写句子。作形式主语改写句子。4.Li Yuchun got more than one million yuan for the advertisement.People say that.5.Some young people think that they look attractive when they smoke.It se
27、ems that It is said that Li Yuchun got more than one million yuan for the advertisement.It seems that some young people think they lookattractive when they smoke.1.Revise and master the usage of it.2.Preview the Reading:HIV/AIDS:Are you at risk?HomeworkYou cannot catch old birds with chaff.姜是老的辣。姜是老的辣。
