1、.1.2ask&tell ask/tell somebody to do something Can you ask/tell him to leave the door open?ask/tell somebody not to do something Mom asked/told me not to watch the TV.3间接引语I/he/she/they+think(s)/hope(s)/say(s)+that+间接引语(主句时态一般和引语时态相同）Paul says that he has never seen so many beautiful women in his li
2、fe!Karen told me that she lost her purse.4If&Whether If 或 whether 引导的从句做主句谓语动词后的宾语成分Have you asked mom whetherif I can start my English lesson?I want to know he has read the newspaper?wonder she is enjoying her job?must find out +if whether they will go to the US?will ask he can speak French?am not
3、sure William is going to work soon?.5Used to do something Used to do something 表示过去常常做某事I used to go out to play.Did you use to go out to play?I did not use to go out to play.6过去完成时态过去完成时态表示过去某一时间或动作之前发生的动作 had+动词的过去分词Paul had phoned a friend before he cooked the meal.Ken had sold his old car before
4、 he bought a new one.7情态动词must&can He cant be ill.He must be tired.He cant have been ill.He must have been tired.8时间状语从句Claire lost her purse while she was shopping.The lights went out when Karen was cooking.Karen fell down just as she was running to the bus.9疑问代词+不定式 I dont know where to begin.who
5、to ask.how to do it.when to start.what to do.10定语从句1.定语从句的定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句的定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。3.定语从句的位置：紧跟先行词定语从句的位置：紧跟先行词(名词或代词名词或代词)之后。之后。4.引导词：引导定语从句的词引导词：引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词包括关系代词和关系副词)。1.who/that指人是主格在定语从句中代替先行词，又作定语从指人是主格在定语从句中代替先行词，又作定语从句的主语，不能省略。句的主语
6、，不能省略。Doyouknowthegentlemanwho/thatissittingthere?2.whom/who/that指人是宾格，在定语从句中代替先行词，又指人是宾格，在定语从句中代替先行词，又作定语从句的宾语作定语从句的宾语(动宾或介宾动宾或介宾)。当作动宾当作动宾(动词后接宾语动词后接宾语)时，关系代词可省略。时，关系代词可省略。Doyouknowthegentleman(whom/who/that)wemetjustnow?.11.which/that指物，指代先行词且在定语从句中作主语或宾语 Thehousewhich/thatwasdestroyedintheearthq
7、uakeisweak.Thepen(which/that)youfoundyesterdayismine.Thegames(that/which)theyoungmencompetedinweredifficult.Thegamesinwhichtheyoungmencompetedweredifficult.12被动语态 英语被动语态的构成通常是：“Be+done”表达 被 的意思The monkey was given coins and taught how to use them.被动语态可以和各种时态的结合：1)一般现在时主动语态：Everyone likes her.被动语态：Sh
8、e is liked by everyone 被动语态：was/were+doneThe glass was broken by Tom this morning 3)现在完成时现在完成时由“have(has)+过去分词”构成。否定式在have(has)后加not，疑问式将have(has)提前。They have built a new school in our village.I have taught English for 20 years.被动语态：have/has been+doneA new school has been built in our village.7)过去完成时过去完成时由“had+过去分词”构成，主要表示过去某时或某一动作之前已经发生的动作，既表示“过去的过去”，常带有时间状语。She told me that the bicycle had been repaired by her father.13反身代词 myself ourselves yourself yourselves herself himself itself themselves
