1、1.annual 既可作形容词既可作形容词,意为意为“每年的每年的;按按年度计算的年度计算的”,也可作名词也可作名词,意为意为“年刊年刊;年鉴年鉴”。如：。如：Im playing in the annual school concert next friday.下周五我将在学校一年一度的下周五我将在学校一年一度的音乐会上演出。音乐会上演出。He has six weeks annual leave.他一年有六个星期的休假。他一年有六个星期的休假。Birthday is an annual event.生日是一年一次的事。生日是一年一次的事。Language points将下列句子翻译成英语。
2、将下列句子翻译成英语。1).时装表演是一年一度的大事。时装表演是一年一度的大事。2).怀特先生的年薪是两万美元。怀特先生的年薪是两万美元。Fashion show is an annual event.Mr.Whites annual salary is 20,000 dollars.2.I thought,at the time,that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times.at the time“那时候那时候”，位置应在，位置应在story之后，作时间状语，之后，作时间状语，提前
3、是为了强调，提前是为了强调，that this was just a story作作thought的宾语。的宾语。witness 作动词作动词,意为意为“当场见到当场见到;目击目击;见见证证”。如：如：Recent years have witnessed a growing social mobility.近年来人们的社会流动性越来越大。近年来人们的社会流动性越来越大。作名词作名词,意为意为“目击者目击者;证人证人;证据证据”，常用于常用于be(a)witness to/of sth.(是是的的目击者目击者)结构。结构。如：如：She is(a)witness of the accident
4、.她是这起事故的目击者。她是这起事故的目击者。He has been(a)witness to a terrible murder.他目击了一起残忍的凶杀事件。他目击了一起残忍的凶杀事件。Police have appealed for witnesses to the accident.警方呼吁这起事故的目击者出来作证。警方呼吁这起事故的目击者出来作证。The girl was shocked by the violent scenes she had _.A.happened B.lookedC.witnessed D.viewed【解析解析】C 本题考查词语辨析。句意为：本题考查词语辨析
5、。句意为：这个女孩被她亲眼目睹的暴力场面惊这个女孩被她亲眼目睹的暴力场面惊呆了。呆了。witness意为意为“目击目击,见证见证”，符，符合语境。合语境。3.On the afternoon I arrived at the station,as I was sorting out my accommodation,I heard a loud noise coming from the bay.在我到达捕鲸场的那个下午在我到达捕鲸场的那个下午,正当正当我准备膳宿时我准备膳宿时,我听到一声巨响从海我听到一声巨响从海湾传来。湾传来。1)as 强调主从句中谓语动词所表示的强调主从句中谓语动词所表示
6、的动作同时发生。动作同时发生。从句表示从句表示“随时间推随时间推移移”连词能用连词能用as,不用不用when 或或while。As the day went on,the weather got worse.日子一天天过去日子一天天过去,天气越变越坏。天气越变越坏。as,when和和while 2)when 可表示瞬间、时间段，主从句可表示瞬间、时间段，主从句动作同时发生，也可以先后发生。当从动作同时发生，也可以先后发生。当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when 引导这个从句，不可用引导这个从句，不可用as 或或 while。When you have
7、finished your work,you may have a rest.3)as,when 引导短暂性动作的动词。引导短暂性动作的动词。Just as/Just when/When I stopped my car,a man came up to me.4)while 用于同时进行的两个延续性用于同时进行的两个延续性动作相伴发生动作相伴发生,常对同类动作进行对常对同类动作进行对比。比。_ you have finished your work,you may have a rest._ I stopped my car,a man came up to me._ the day wen
8、t on,the weather got worse._ was walking down the street,I met an old friend.When When(As)AsWhen(while)accommodation1)rooms,esp,for living in 房间，住所房间，住所2)lodgings,rooms and food 膳宿（常用复数）膳宿（常用复数）accommodate v.accommodating adj.accommodator n.适应，调节适应，调节亲切的，易打交道的亲切的，易打交道的调节者调节者 4.We ran down to the sho
9、re in time to see an enormous animal opposite us throwing itself out of the water and then crashing down again.我们及时赶到岸边我们及时赶到岸边,看到对面一个看到对面一个庞大的动物猛力跃出水面庞大的动物猛力跃出水面,然后又坠然后又坠落到水面。落到水面。opposite 是介词，是介词，在在对面。对面。如：如：He sat opposite to Marion during the discussion.讨论的时候，他坐在玛丽安的对面。讨论的时候，他坐在玛丽安的对面。opposite也可
10、以作形容词，表示也可以作形容词，表示“相对相对的；相反的的；相反的”，如：如：on the opposite side of the street 在街的对面在街的对面driving in the opposite direction 朝相反的方向行驶朝相反的方向行驶与与throw相关的短语：相关的短语：throw cold water on 泼冷水泼冷水 throw off 抛弃，摆脱抛弃，摆脱 throw over 回棋，变换回棋，变换 throw away 浪费，拒绝浪费，拒绝 throw down 打倒，推翻打倒，推翻 throw up 呕吐呕吐throw off,throw out,
11、throw away,throw down,throw up 1)The little girl _ her hands to hug her mother.2)Tom cant _his cold.3)He drank a lot,and he _ on his way home.4)As a young man,he _ much money.5)He _ the young man and ran away.threw out throw off threw up threw awaythrew down 与与out of 相关的短语：相关的短语：out of breath 上气不接下气
12、上气不接下气 out of date 过时的过时的 out of control 失控失控 out of question 可能的可能的 out of the question 不可能的不可能的 out of repair 失修失修 5.Another whaler yelled out,.This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.yell v.&n.1)叫喊叫喊 She yelled with surprise when she saw the present.2)叫声叫声,喊声喊声 The cro
13、wd let out a yell of delight.辨析辨析:be going to,be to do和和be about to be going to 表示打算或计划做某事表示打算或计划做某事或根据某种迹象判断将要发生的事。或根据某种迹象判断将要发生的事。be to do表示预先安排好的计划或约定。表示预先安排好的计划或约定。will do 表不是事先经过考虑的将来表不是事先经过考虑的将来动作动作 be going to 表示打算或计划做某事或表示打算或计划做某事或根据某种迹象判断将要发生的事。根据某种迹象判断将要发生的事。be to 表示预先安排好的计划或约定。表示预先安排好的计划或
14、约定。be about to 表示即将发生的动作，意表示即将发生的动作，意为为“正要正要,即将即将”,不与具体的表将来时不与具体的表将来时间的副词或副词性短语连用间的副词或副词性短语连用,但可以与但可以与when引导的时间状语连用。引导的时间状语连用。Exemple:I was just about _ road _ a ship came to us.A.traveling on;while B.to travel on;while C.traveling by;when D.to travel by;when D Dont go out now,we _ have supper.The w
15、ind went down toward sunset.It _ be fine tomorrow.The Queen _ visit Beijing next year.His sister is 13 years old,and she _ be 14 years old next year.are about tois going to is to will 6.“Come on,Clancy.To the boat”,George said as he ran ahead of me.1)表示劝说，不耐烦，催促表示劝说，不耐烦，催促 Come on,well be late for c
16、oncert.2)开始开始 The rain has just come e on与与come相关的短语：相关的短语：come about 发生发生come across 偶然遇见偶然遇见come forth 出来出来,涌现涌现come out 出版出版,(花花)开开come through (电话电话)接通接通come up 走近走近,上升上升come to 总计总计come up with 赶上赶上,补充补充come about,come through,come out,comeup,come to,come across1)The cost of the journey _ 3000
17、yuan.2)How did the accident _?3)When will the book _?4)I _ my teacher in the street yesterday.5)The seeds havent _ yet.6)The old man _ the World War I.comes to come aboutcome outcame across come upcame throughahead adv.向前向前,在前在前;处于处于领先地位领先地位The way ahead was blocked by fallen trees.前面的公路被拿下的树挡住了。前面的
18、公路被拿下的树挡住了。【拓展延伸拓展延伸】ahead of 在在的前面的前面,优于优于be ahead of 比比好好get ahead 前进，抢先前进，抢先 go ahead 上前，前进，进步上前，前进，进步 He ran ahead.他跑在前头。他跑在前头。【典型例题典型例题】They are required to finish their task_.A.go ahead B.ahead of time C.get ahead of time D.in front of time【答案答案】B 考查考查ahead短语短语【点拨点拨】按照句意：要求他们提前完成按照句意：要求他们提前完成任
19、务。任务。ahead of time符合符合7.George didnt like being kept waiting,so even though I didnt have the right clothes on,I raced after him.考点考点 being kept waiting是动词是动词-ing形式形式短语的被动式短语的被动式,在句中作在句中作like的宾语。的宾语。考例考例 At the beginning of class,the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom.(2007全国卷全国卷II
20、)A.opened and closed B.to be opened and closed C.being opened and closed D.to open and close 8.I looked down into the water and could see Old Tom swimming by the boat,showing us the way.我低头朝水中看去，看到老汤姆正在船我低头朝水中看去，看到老汤姆正在船边游着，为我们引路。边游着，为我们引路。swimming by the boat 在句中作宾语在句中作宾语补足语，与宾语补足语，与宾语Old Tom 存在逻辑上
21、的存在逻辑上的主谓头系。主谓头系。I saw Jack crossing the street.我看见杰克正在穿过街道。我看见杰克正在穿过街道。9.A few minutes later,there was no Tom,so George started beating the water with his oar and there was Tom,circling back to the boat,leading us to the hunt again.点拨点拨 此句也是由此句也是由“主语主语+so引导的结引导的结果状语从句果状语从句”构成的主从复合句构成的主从复合句,且这个且这个从句
22、是由从句是由and连接的两个并列分句构成连接的两个并列分句构成;第第二个分句中的二个分句中的circling.和和leading.为动为动词词-ing形式短语作第二个分句的伴随状语。形式短语作第二个分句的伴随状语。10.And those others are stopping it diving or fleeing out to sea,flee(fled,fled)vi.逃走逃走,逃跑逃跑,消失消失,(时间时间等的等的)飞逝飞逝派生词派生词 flight n.逃走；逃跑逃走；逃跑【常用搭配常用搭配】flee from 从从逃走逃走flee to 逃到逃到flee away/past (时
23、间等时间等)飞逝，消失飞逝，消失词语辨析词语辨析 flee,escape(1)flee ut.&ui.指指“逃走逃走,逃避逃避”,多指动作。如：多指动作。如：He fled(from)the country.他逃出了那个国家。他逃出了那个国家。(2)escape 指指“逃离或避开即将来临或近逃离或避开即将来临或近前的伤害、危险、灾祸等前的伤害、危险、灾祸等”；有时其；有时其后也可接动名词，表示后也可接动名词，表示“躲避做某躲避做某事事”。如：。如：He escaped being drowned by using a life-buoy.因为有救生圈，他才没有被淹死。因为有救生圈，他才没有被淹
24、死。练习练习()1.Luckily,the cat _ being caught.A.escaped B.tried C.overcame D.managed()2.A ware of being surrounded,the enemy _ in disorder.A.cried B.fled C.fought D.walkedAB 11.Being badly wounded,the whale soon died.辨析辨析:wound,injury,hurt,harm与与damage wound 是战斗中刀枪的创伤、伤口是战斗中刀枪的创伤、伤口 His brother was wound
25、ed in that battle.injury 是平时的大小创伤和伤害是平时的大小创伤和伤害 He got serious injuries to the legs at work.He got his finger injured.大家注意了！hurt 是指精神上的伤害和肉体的伤痛。是指精神上的伤害和肉体的伤痛。The hurt to his feelings is more serious than the hurt in his body.harm 指使有生命或者无生命的东西不指使有生命或者无生命的东西不再完整、美丽再完整、美丽,或者具有原来的价值。或者具有原来的价值。Smoking
26、a lot of cigarettes can harm and even kill over a long period of time.damage“车辆、船只、房屋车辆、船只、房屋”等的损等的损坏。坏。The bus was badly damaged when it hit the wall.This storm did great harm/damage to the crops.12.bring in “收收(庄稼庄稼);引进引进;挣得挣得(钱钱)”He brings in a wage of 1000 yuan a month.我们国家引进许多先进的科学技术我们国家引进许多先进的
27、科学技术.Our country has brought in a lot of advanced technology.bring out bring up bring about 使使(意义等意义等)明白表示出来明白表示出来,生产生产吐出吐出(vt);抚养抚养,养育养育带来带来,造成造成bring in,bring out,bring up,bring about 1)What _ his illness?2)Please _ the meaning of the passage.3)Henry _ by his uncle.4)When he was young,he began to
28、sell goods,which made him _ a lot of money.brought about bring out was brought up bring in 这是一个这是一个it作形式主语的句子，真作形式主语的句子，真正的主语是不定式正的主语是不定式to handle the boat。在用不定式、动名词从句作主语的句在用不定式、动名词从句作主语的句子里，通常用子里，通常用it作形式主语，而把真正作形式主语，而把真正的主语后置以避免头重脚轻。这样的的主语后置以避免头重脚轻。这样的句式通常有：句式通常有：13.it was difficult to handle the
29、boat.划船很困难。划船很困难。It（形式主语）（形式主语）+v.It is+adj.to+v.that（主语）（主语）+v.wh-等词（主语）等词（主语）+v.ofsb.to do sth.for seems(好像好像)It+appears(看上去看上去)+that(主语主语+v.)happens(碰巧碰巧)It is no use v.ing 做做没有用没有用It is said(reported)that 据说，据报道据说，据报道It is believed that 人们相信人们相信It is thought that 人们认为人们认为It has been proved that
30、事实证明事实证明It is well-known that 众所周知众所周知14.abandon【基础过关基础过关】vt.离开而不返回离开而不返回,遗遗弃，抛弃，放弃弃，抛弃，放弃The match was abandoned because of bad weather.比赛因恶劣的天气而取消。比赛因恶劣的天气而取消。【拓展延伸拓展延伸】abandon oneself 完全屈从于完全屈从于abandonment n.遗弃遗弃,离弃离弃,抛弃，抛弃，abandon n.放肆，任性放肆，任性abandoner n.放弃者，遗弃者，投保者放弃者，遗弃者，投保者abandonee n.承保人，被遗弃
31、者承保人，被遗弃者abandoned adj.被遗弃的被遗弃的,自暴自弃的自暴自弃的,无无耻的耻的abandonment n.放弃放弃,放肆放肆【点拨点拨】辨析辨析abandon,desert,give upabandon 强调永远或完全放弃人或事物强调永远或完全放弃人或事物等；可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的；等；可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的；desert 着重指违背法律责任和义务或着重指违背法律责任和义务或自己的信仰与誓言的行为，多含非难的自己的信仰与誓言的行为，多含非难的意味；意味；give up 普通用语，侧重指没有希望，普通用语，侧重指没有希望，或因为外界压力而放弃或因为外界压力而放弃I
32、ts foolish of him to give up without trying.【典型例题典型例题】As time goes on,fewer and fewer old men are _ in the countryside.A.abandon B.to abandon C.abandoning D.being abandoned【答案答案】D 考查考查abandon的用法的用法【点拨点拨】此处老人和遗弃的关系为被动此处老人和遗弃的关系为被动 15.It took over half an hour to get the boat back to James,and when we
33、 approached him,I saw James being firmly held up in the water by Old Tom.翻译翻译 我们花了半个小时才把船调转过我们花了半个小时才把船调转过来来,回到詹姆斯落水的地方。当我们靠回到詹姆斯落水的地方。当我们靠近他的时候近他的时候,我看到老汤姆正在水中托我看到老汤姆正在水中托着詹姆斯。着詹姆斯。点拨点拨 该句是由该句是由and连接的两个并列分句连接的两个并列分句构成。第一个分句包含一个构成。第一个分句包含一个“It takes/took(sb.)+一段时间一段时间+to do sth.”句型；句型；第二个分句包含一个第二个分句
34、包含一个when引导的时间状引导的时间状语从句，主句中的语从句，主句中的being held up为动词为动词-ing形式的被动式，和形式的被动式，和James一起构成一起构成复合宾语。复合宾语。I.根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示或汉语提示,写出各单词的正确形式。写出各单词的正确形式。1.The past few years have w_ great changes throughout China.2.Travel and hotel a_ will be very expensive in this city during the Olym
35、pic Games.itnessedccommodations 3.The children found many beautiful shells on the _(岸岸)while their parents were swimming.4.With so much noise going on she had to y_ to be heard.5.Hearing the gun,the enemies were horror-struck and f_ in all directions.shoreellled 6.The poor workers_(拖拖)the heavy ston
36、es in teams with ropes over their shoulders.7.Together they dive into the _(深处深处)of the sea to search for some rare creatures and treasures.draggeddepths8.The businessman a_ his wife and went away with all their money.9.He has a very good r_ with his elder sister.10.A p_ of angry shoppers demanded t
37、heir money back.bandonedelationshipack1.The police chief spoke of his determination to catch the _(kill).2.No one can tell the _(deep)of the parents love for their children.3.It is reported that the old scientist will eventually return 35 years after _(flee)the country.II.用所给词的适当形式填空。用所给词的适当形式填空。kil
38、lerfleeingdepth4.As we all know,_(distant)is measured in miles,not in kilometers in England.5.Hotel _(accommodate)is included in the price of your journey.distanceaccommodation1.你用不着对我喊你用不着对我喊,我听得见。我听得见。(yell)2.警官跑到我们前面去看出了什么事。警官跑到我们前面去看出了什么事。(ahead of)III.根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。成英语。You d
39、ont have to yell at me;I can hear you.The officer ran ahead of us to see what happened.3.我们避开了等在门外的一群记者。我们避开了等在门外的一群记者。(a pack of)We avoided a pack of journalists waiting outside.4.同时同时,我想对每一位老师表达我深深的我想对每一位老师表达我深深的谢意谢意,感谢你们的辛勤工作感谢你们的辛勤工作,感谢你们感谢你们为我们学校所作的贡献。为我们学校所作的贡献。(in the meantime)In the meantime
40、,Id like to express my deep thanks to every teacher for your hard work and for your contributions to our school.5.我只是在这里帮忙我只是在这里帮忙,一直到新秘书来。一直到新秘书来。(help out)I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.1.Did anyone see the traffic accident that happened near the school yesterday?Did anyone
41、_ the traffic accident happening near the school yesterday?IV.每空填一词每空填一词,使该句与所给句子的意使该句与所给句子的意思相同或相近。思相同或相近。witness2.Luckily the truck in front of us turned to our left,but it was a very near miss.Fortunately the truck _ _ us turned to our left,but it was a very near miss.3.The enemy had run away fro
42、m the village when we arrived.The enemy had _ _ the village when we arrived.ahead offled from4.No one knows how deep the lake is.No one knows _ _ of the lake.5.Father was painting the walls and at the same time little Mike was watching TV.Father was painting the walls and _ _ _ little Mike was watching TV.the depthin the meantime6.With his help I worked out the difficult physics problem.He _ me _ with the difficult physics problem.outhelped
