1、-ing as the Adverbial1)时间状语时间状语 Will,still watching,saw the cat behave curiously.Putting down his shopping bag,Will held out his hand.While walking slowly on the street,Tom met one of his old friends.2)结果状语结果状语 Her husband died ten years ago,leaving her with three children to look after.3)伴随状语伴随状语 A
2、ll night long he lay awake,thinking of the problem.4)原因状语原因状语 Being sick,I stayed at home.Not knowing her address,I cant write to her.注注:分词与主句主语是主谓关系分词与主句主语是主谓关系;副副 词放在分词之前。词放在分词之前。5)作方式状语作方式状语 But later,people developed a way of printing,using rocks.6)作条件状语作条件状语 Turning to the right at the crossing
3、,you will see the Post Office right before you.Taking the path that leads out of the town,you will come to a dense wood.7)作补充说明作补充说明 The plane leaves at six,arriving in Chicago at ten.(=and will arrive in Chicago.)The visitor expressed his satisfaction with the talks,adding that he had enjoyed his s
4、tay here.(=and added that he had enjoyed his stay here.)动词动词ing 形式的独立主格结构形式的独立主格结构 现在分词的独立主格结构实际上是指逻现在分词的独立主格结构实际上是指逻辑主语的现在分词结构，该结构在句中辑主语的现在分词结构，该结构在句中可以作时间状语条件状语原因状可以作时间状语条件状语原因状语伴随状语等，其逻辑主语前边也可语伴随状语等，其逻辑主语前边也可以加上以加上with，其中现在分词仍然表示正，其中现在分词仍然表示正在进行的动作或主动的动作。在进行的动作或主动的动作。1)The baby fell from the crad
5、le,blood coming down from his leg.独立主格结构作状语，表示结果。独立主格结构作状语，表示结果。2)With his lips still trembling,he couldnt say a word.独立主格结构作状语，表示原因。独立主格结构作状语，表示原因。3)The policemen made their way into the forest with a hunter leading the way.独立主格结构作状语，表示伴随。独立主格结构作状语，表示伴随。4)With the first ray of the rising sun coming
6、,they set out from the farm.独立主格结构作状语，表示时间。独立主格结构作状语，表示时间。-ing变化形式变化形式(doing/having done)1)动词动词-ing形式的一般式表示动作与谓形式的一般式表示动作与谓语动词同时发生几乎同时发生或在语动词同时发生几乎同时发生或在谓语动词前发生。谓语动词前发生。e.g.Working hard,you will succeed in the experiment.Hearing the news,she burst into tears.2)动词动词-ing形式的完成式表示动作先于谓形式的完成式表示动作先于谓语动词发生
7、。语动词发生。e.g.Having lived there for dozens of years,he knows the city well.Having waited in the queue for half an hour,Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.-ing变化形式变化形式(being done/having been done)动词动词-ing形式的被动式表示动作对于逻辑形式的被动式表示动作对于逻辑主语而言在意义上式被动的。主语而言在意义上式被动的。Id like to have a look
8、 at the animalbeing operated on.在表示一个被动动作时在表示一个被动动作时,如果这个动如果这个动作在进行作在进行,或是与谓语表示的动作同或是与谓语表示的动作同时发生时发生,我们可以用现在分词的被动我们可以用现在分词的被动形式。形式。e.g.The bridge being built now will be completed in the three months.This is one of the experiments being carried on in our lab.在表示一个被动动作时在表示一个被动动作时,如果这个动如果这个动作发生于谓语之前作发
9、生于谓语之前,我们可以用我们可以用having been done 形式。也可以被过形式。也可以被过去分词代替。去分词代替。e.g.Having been shown the lab,the visitor looked around the stadium.=Shown the lab,the visitor looked around the stadium.Rewrite the sentences using the ing form of the underlined verbs.Example:The cat stepped forward and climbed through
10、the patch in the air.Stepping forward,the cat climbed through the patch in the air.2.The man shouted angrily and waved his sword at the stranger.Shouting angrily,the man waved his sword at the atranger.1.The witch leapt into the air and vanished.Leaping into the air,the witch vanished.3.She picked u
11、p the cat and rubbed its head affectionately.Picking up the cat,she rubbed its head affectionately.4.The bear came out of the bushed,showed its teeth and made a loud noise.Showing its teeth and making a loud noise,the bear came out of the bushed.Complete the passage.Last weekend I walked into our lo
12、cal bookshop,(1)_ to find a copy of Philip Pullmans His Dark Materials.All my friends(2)_ read it and I wanted to know(3)_ people liked it so much.hoping/tryinghadwhyI bought all three books and hurried out of the shop,pleased that I had found it(4)_ easily.(5)_ a No.88 bus coming along the road,I d
13、ecided to take it,(6)_ it was quite a long walk home.soSeeing/Noticingfor/as/because(7)_ on the bus,I was surprised to see an old friend of(8)_.We started talking and I(9)_realized that we had arrived at my stop.(10)_up,I cried,“Please wait!This is my stop!”Sitting/RidingminesuddenlyJumpingI(11)_ of
14、f the bus in time and smiled happily.Then,suddenly(12)_ I had left my books behind on the bus,I(13)_,“Stop,please!”But it was(14)_ late.The bus had gone away,(15)_ my books with it.gotrealizing/discovering/findingshoutedtootaking/carryingMatch the two parts of the sentences.1.Leaping into the air,2.
15、Shouting angrily,3.The boy walked through the silent streets,(b)the man waved his sword at the stranger.(d)listening for the sound of human voices.(e)the witch vanished.4.Picking up the knife,5.The bear came out of the buses,(a)making a loud noise and showing its teeth.(c)he boy looked at it careful
16、ly.Complete the sentences with thecorrect form of the verbs below.1.On _ her,the king immediately falls in love with her.2.He marries her,not _ who she really is.think know sit see leaveseeingknowing3.Before _ his kingdom,he calls his son to him.4.After _ about the situation,he decides to kill the w
17、itch himself.5.While _ by a pool,Ferdinand sees a frog.leavingthinkingsittingExample:When he returns to the palace,the king marries the woman.On returning to the palace,the king marries the woman.Rewrite the sentences with ing form of the verbs.1.When he saw the witch,the boy ran away.On _,_.2.Befor
18、e he stars the war,the king speaks to the prince.Before _,_.seeing the witchthe boy ran awaystarting in the warthe king speaks to the prince3.While he was fighting in the war,the prince learnt many things.While _,_.4.After he had spoken to his son,the king went to war.On _,_.fighting in the warthe p
19、rince learnt many thingsspeaking to his sonthe king went to war5.Because he doesnt know what to do,Ferdinand follows the frogs advice.Not _,_.knowing what to doFerdinand follows the frogs advice1.At one point I made up my mind to talk to Uncle Sam.Then I changed my mind,_ that he could do nothing to
20、 help.A.to realize B.realized C.realizing D.being realized2.Do you wake up every morning _ energetic and ready to start a new day?A.feel B.to feel C.feeling D.felt3.Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures,some _ a life span of around 20 years.A.having B.had C.have D.to have 4._ around the fire,th
21、e tourists danced with the local people.A.Gather B.To gather C.Gathering D.To be gathering5.More highways have been built in China,_ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.A.making B.made C.to make D.having made 6.Sit down,Emma.You will only make yourself more tired,_ on your feet.A.to keep B.keeping C.having kept D.to have keptDo exercises 1-5 on page 97.
