1、Words and Expressions in Unit51.various adj.不同的；各种各样的不同的；各种各样的various 常放在名词前，作定语。常放在名词前，作定语。vary vi.不同于，改变。不同于，改变。vary from.to.由由到到不等不等vary in sth 在某方面不同在某方面不同vary with sth.随着随着而变化而变化variety n变化，多样性变化，多样性(化化)，种类，种类,a variety of/various of 种种；各种各样种种；各种各样a variety of各种各样的各种各样的=all kinds of=all sorts o
2、fa variety of(varieties of)既可以修饰可数名词既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词.a lot of，lots of,a quantity of，quantities ofplenty of 等。等。For various reasons Id prefer not to meet him.由于各种原因，我不愿见他。由于各种原因，我不愿见他。He left for a variety of reasons.他由于种种原因而离开了。他由于种种原因而离开了。Opinions on this matter vary from person to pe
3、rson.对于这件事，人人意见不一。对于这件事，人人意见不一。介词填空介词填空Prices vary_ the seasons.The price of the holiday varies_ 500_1,200，depending _ the time of year.These fish vary_weight_3 pounds and 5 pounds.withfrom toonin between2.be famous for以以而闻名而闻名(be well known for)be famous/well known as作为作为而出名而出名,It is well known tha
4、t./As is well known.众所周知众所周知become famous overnight一夜成名一夜成名be wellknown for因因而著名；众所周知而著名；众所周知be wellknown as作为作为而熟知而熟知be wellknown to.对对来说熟知来说熟知(1)用适当的介词填空用适当的介词填空France is famous its wine.Virginia is famous the birthplace of several US presidents.Mother Teresa is well known her work with the poor.S
5、he is very wellknown the literature world.for as for in 3amusement nU消遣；娱乐；消遣；娱乐；C娱乐活动，娱娱乐活动，娱乐用品乐用品(1)in amusement 开心地开心地to ones(great)amusement 令人感到令人感到(极极)好笑的是好笑的是find amusement in在在找到娱乐找到娱乐(2)amuse vt.使发笑；使愉快使发笑；使愉快amuse sb./oneself with以以自娱自娱amuse sb.with sth.用某物使某人高兴用某物使某人高兴 (3)amusing adj.有趣的
6、；逗乐的有趣的；逗乐的amused adj.感到快乐有趣的感到快乐有趣的be amused at/by 对感到对感到好笑好笑sb.be amused to learn that.某人获悉某人获悉觉得好笑觉得好笑易混词：易混词：amaze vt.使吃惊使吃惊 amazement n.惊愕惊愕Everyone was amused at the story about the dog.大家都被那只狗的故事逗笑了。大家都被那只狗的故事逗笑了。Big cities have many amusements.大城市有许多娱乐活动。大城市有许多娱乐活动。I dont find any amusement
7、in his comments.我不认为他的话有什么好笑。我不认为他的话有什么好笑。(2)The children_ （取乐）（取乐）themselves by playing hideandseek games.(3)Ive brought a few toys to_(使孩使孩子高兴子高兴).(4)They often sing for their own amusement.(英译汉英译汉)_amusedamuse the children他们常常唱歌自娱。他们常常唱歌自娱。4.swing v.(swung,swung)摇摆；摆动摇摆；摆动 n.C摇摆；千秋摇摆；千秋His arms s
8、wung/He swung his arms as he walked.他走路时摆动着手臂。他走路时摆动着手臂。The monkey was swinging in the tree.猴子在树上荡来荡去。猴子在树上荡来荡去。swing around/round 突然转向相反方向突然转向相反方向 swing sb.from sth.to sth.(使某人使某人)突然改变观点或情突然改变观点或情绪等绪等根据句子的要求填入适当的词或翻译。根据句子的要求填入适当的词或翻译。1）She _(swing)her legs from side to side.2）She _(突然转过身来突然转过身来)on
9、him angrily.3）He swings _(介词介词)wild optimism _(介词介词)total despair.swung from swung round to 5attraction nU吸引；吸引力；吸引；吸引力；C吸引物；喜闻乐吸引物；喜闻乐见的事物见的事物hold/have an/no/a little/much attraction for sb.对某人具有对某人具有/不具有不具有/有一点有一点/很有吸引力很有吸引力attract v.吸引吸引.引起引起(注意注意,兴趣兴趣,赞赏等赞赏等);激发激发 attract ones attention/interest
10、引起某人的注意、兴趣引起某人的注意、兴趣attract sb.ton./pron.把某人吸引到把某人吸引到attractive adj.有吸引力的有吸引力的;引人主义的引人主义的.an attractive woman 一个有吸引力的女人一个有吸引力的女人Detective novels used to hold a special attraction for me.过去侦探小说对我特别有吸引力。过去侦探小说对我特别有吸引力。The Great Wall is an important tourist attraction.6unique adj.独一无二的；仅有的独一无二的；仅有的1)既可
11、以作定语，也可以作表语。既可以作定语，也可以作表语。2)unique to sb./sth.(某人某人/某物某物/某地方某地方)独具的，特有独具的，特有的的The custom is unique to the region.这种风俗是这一地区特有的。这种风俗是这一地区特有的。Beethovens symphony is unique in music.贝多芬的交响曲在音乐中是无与伦比的。贝多芬的交响曲在音乐中是无与伦比的。It is a unique place to visit.这是一处独特的游览胜地。这是一处独特的游览胜地。Everybodys fingerprints are _。un
12、ique7.preserve n保护区保护区 vt.保存；保留保存；保留联想拓展联想拓展preserve sb/sth from/against 保护保护免受免受preserve ones reputation 维护自己的名声维护自己的名声preserve resources/ones eyesight/ones eyesight 保护资源保护资源/保存体力保存体力/保护视力保护视力nature preserve 自然保护区自然保护区in the preserve在保护区在保护区be well preserved保养得很好保养得很好preservation n维护；保护；保持；保养维护；保护；
13、保持；保养完成句子完成句子盐能防止食物腐烂。盐能防止食物腐烂。Salt_ food from decay.我们应当保护儿童免受伤害。我们应当保护儿童免受伤害。We should_ the children from harm.这些座位是给贵宾的。这些座位是给贵宾的。These seats _ _ _ _.preservesprotectare reserved for special guests学以致用学以致用【词语辨析】【词语辨析】preserve，protect,reservepreserve指指“防护防护/保存保存免被分解或腐烂免被分解或腐烂”。protect指指“保护保护免遭受危险或
14、伤害等免遭受危险或伤害等”。reserve主要指主要指“保留；储备保留；储备”，以备以后所用，以备以后所用;此此 外还有外还有“预定，预约预定，预约”之意之意。8.length n 长度；长长度；长a river 300 miles in length 这个房间的长度是那个房间的两倍这个房间的长度是那个房间的两倍This room is twice the length of that one.at length 1).after a long time;at last 最后最后,终于；终于；At length the bus arrived,forty minutes late。2)taki
15、ng a long time;in great detail;fully长时间地长时间地;详细地详细地;充分地充分地discuss sth at great length 极为详细地讨论某事极为详细地讨论某事We have already discussed this matter at great length.9.deed n.行动，行为，事迹行动，行为，事迹，所做之事，所做之事Deeds are better than words when people need help.在需要帮助时在需要帮助时,行动胜於语言行动胜於语言.A good deed bears a blessing fo
16、r its fruit.谚语谚语善有善报。善有善报。Deeds are fruits,words are but leaves.谚语谚语行动是果实，而言论只是枝叶。行动是果实，而言论只是枝叶。Deeds,not words.谚语谚语实践为重，不尚空谈。实践为重，不尚空谈。in deed事实上，实际上，真正地事实上，实际上，真正地A friend in need is a friend in deed.I feel disappointed in deed.10.be modelled after/on.模仿；效仿模仿；效仿归纳拓展归纳拓展model oneself on.以以为榜样为榜样,be
17、 named after以以命名命名/取名取名 a working model一个劳模一个劳模 the latest model最新的型号最新的型号a model husband/employee 一个模范丈夫一个模范丈夫/职员职员用适当的介、副词填空用适当的介、副词填空(1)Their education system is modelled the French one.(2)Jim has always modelled himself his great hero，Martin Luther King.The two buildings are modelled after the s
18、ame pattern.这两座建筑是仿造同一模式建造的。这两座建筑是仿造同一模式建造的。on/after on 11.minority n.少数；少数民族少数；少数民族归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)(be)in the/a minority占占(极极)少数少数the/a minority of.少数少数(2)minor adj.少数的少数的【拓展【拓展】反义词反义词:majority n.大多数大多数 major adj.大多数的；较重要的大多数的；较重要的the/a majority ofn.大多数大多数(be)in the majority 占大多数占大多数【点津【点津】(1)the/a majo
19、rity(minority)of修饰名词作主语时，修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词要与谓语动词要与of后的名词保持一致。后的名词保持一致。(2)the/a majority(minority)单独作主语时，谓语动单独作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数，也可用复数。词既可用单数，也可用复数。The nation wants peace，only a minority wants the war to continue.全国人民都要和平，只有少数人希望战争继续。全国人民都要和平，只有少数人希望战争继续。_ _ _ the children wanted a dance party，but the majori
20、ty chose a picnic.少数孩子想举办一次舞会，而多数孩子选择了野餐。少数孩子想举办一次舞会，而多数孩子选择了野餐。Women were _ _ _ at the meeting.在这次会议上，妇女只占少数。在这次会议上，妇女只占少数。A minority ofin the minority12.advance n 前进；进步前进；进步 vt.&vi.促进；前进；提促进；前进；提前前联想拓展联想拓展in advance=ahead of time 预先，提前预先，提前(指事先指事先)in advance of.在在前面，超过前面，超过advance(v.)on/upon/towar
21、ds.朝朝前进前进advance in.在在方面有进步，进展方面有进步，进展advanced adj.先进的先进的;高级的高级的;(发展发展)晚期的晚期的;后期的后期的advanced technology/maths/cancer 先进技术先进技术/高等数学高等数学/晚期癌症晚期癌症They use the Internet as a tool to advance their research.他们使用因特网作为工具来推进研究工作。他们使用因特网作为工具来推进研究工作。He showed us the recent advances in medical science in the ex
22、hibition.在展览会上他向我们展示了医学界的最新进展。在展览会上他向我们展示了医学界的最新进展。Its cheaper for you to book the tickets in advance.预订票要便宜一些。预订票要便宜一些。Galileos ideas were well in advance of the age in which he lived.伽利略的思想远远超越了他所处的时代。伽利略的思想远远超越了他所处的时代。13.get close to接近；靠近接近；靠近联想拓展联想拓展be close to sb.与某人关系密切与某人关系密切keep a close eye
23、on sb./sth.密切注视某人密切注视某人/某事物某事物a close match势均力敌的比赛势均力敌的比赛pay close attention to密切关注密切关注close down 关闭；停业关闭；停业closely adv.近地，密切地近地，密切地Dont get close to me;Im about to get seasick.不要靠近我，我要晕船了。不要靠近我，我要晕船了。Its raining heavily.Little Mary felt cold，so she stood_ to her mother.Aclose Bclosely Cclosed DClos
24、ing完成句子完成句子我不能走到近前看发生了什么事。我不能走到近前看发生了什么事。I couldnt_ enough to see what was happening.她和父亲的关系很亲密。她和父亲的关系很亲密。She _ _ her father.The two events are closely connected.这两件事情有密切的关系。这两件事情有密切的关系。学以致用学以致用get closeis very close e to life活跃起来活跃起来,苏醒过来苏醒过来;变得有趣变得有趣/使人更兴奋使人更兴奋注意：注意：come to life为不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态，为
25、不及物动词短语，不用于被动语态，也不用于进行时态。也不用于进行时态。come back to life 复活；苏醒过来复活；苏醒过来come to共计；达到；苏醒；（突然）想到；意识到共计；达到；苏醒；（突然）想到；意识到come to oneself 苏醒过来苏醒过来How come.?怎么发生的？怎么发生的？怎么解释？怎么解释？when it comes to.当谈及当谈及；说到；说到(做做)某事某事come to an end 结束结束 come up with提出；想出提出；想出bring.to life 使使更有趣，恢复生机更有趣，恢复生机come/occur to sb.(主意、办
26、法主意、办法)被某人想出被某人想出come true实现实现come to nothing一事无成一事无成come to power上台；掌权上台；掌权come about发生发生come across被理解被理解;被传达被传达;偶然遇见偶然遇见The wounded soldier came to life soon after he was taken to hospital.那位受伤的战士被送到医院后不久就苏醒了。那位受伤的战士被送到医院后不久就苏醒了。The match finally came to life in the second half.比赛在下半场终于精彩起来。比赛在下半
27、场终于精彩起来。Flowers can bring a dull room back to life.鲜花可使沉闷的房间恢复生气。鲜花可使沉闷的房间恢复生气。The idea came to me in the bath.我洗澡时，想出了这个主意。我洗澡时，想出了这个主意。15admission n.允许进入；入场费；承认允许进入；入场费；承认归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)make an admission of sth.admit sth.承认某事承认某事obtain/gain admission to/into获准进入获准进入on/by ones own admission据某人自己承认据某人自己
28、承认admission free免费入场免费入场(2)admit vt.&vi.承认，供认。承认，供认。admit n./pron./doing sth/to doing/thatclause等。等。承认承认(做做)某事某事vt.准许进入；准许准许进入；准许进入进入/加入加入admit sb.to/into 接纳接纳/许可许可(人或物人或物)加入，接收入学加入，接收入学be admitted to/into 被允许进入；被被允许进入；被录取录取He gained admission to Beijing University.他获准进入北京大学。他获准进入北京大学。She admitted(t
29、o)being strict with her son.她承认对自己的儿子很严厉。她承认对自己的儿子很严厉。Only ticketholders were admitted into the theatre.只允许持票者进入剧院。只允许持票者进入剧院。Their daughter _ a key university this year，which made them very satisfied.“被一所重点大学录取被一所重点大学录取”，He was persuaded _ the window.Aadmitting to break Bto admit breakingCto admit to break Dadmitting breakingwas admitted into
