1、The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 1INTRODUCTION TO MINITAB VERSION 13The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 2Worksheet Conventions and Menu StructuresMinitab InteroperabilityGraphic CapabilitiesParetoHistogramBox PlotScatter PlotStatistical CapabilitiesCapability
2、 AnalysisHypothesis TestContingency TablesANOVADesign of Experiments(DOE)Minitab Training AgendaThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 3 Worksheet Format and StructureSession WindowWorksheet Data WindowMenu BarTool BarThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 4Text Colum
3、n C1-T(Designated by-T)Numeric Column C3(No Additional Designation)Data Window Column ConventionsDate Column C2-D(Designated by-D)The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 5Column Names(Type,Date,Count&AmountEntered Data for Data Rows 1 through 4Data Entry ArrowData Rows Other Data Wind
4、ow ConventionsThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 6 Menu Bar-Menu ConventionsHot Key Available(Ctrl-S)Submenu Available(at the end of selection)The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 7 Menu Bar-File MenuKey FunctionsWorksheet File ManagementSavePrintData ImportThe
5、National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 8 Menu Bar-Edit MenuKey FunctionsWorksheet File EditsSelectDeleteCopyPasteDynamic LinksThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 9 Menu Bar-Manip MenuKey FunctionsData ManipulationSubset/SplitSortRankRow Data ManipulationColumn Data Man
6、ipulationThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 10 Menu Bar-Calc MenuKey FunctionsCalculation CapabilitiesColumn CalculationsColumn/Row StatisticsData StandardizationData ExtractionData GenerationThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 11 Menu Bar-Stat MenuKey Function
7、sAdvanced Statistical Tools and GraphsHypothesis TestsRegressionDesign of ExperimentsControl ChartsReliability TestingThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 12 Menu Bar-Graph MenuKey FunctionsData Plotting CapabilitiesScatter PlotTrend PlotBox PlotContour/3 D plottingDot PlotsProbabi
8、lity PlotsStem&Leaf PlotsThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 13 Menu Bar-Data Window Editor MenuKey FunctionsAdvanced Edit and Display OptionsData BrushingColumn SettingsColumn Insertion/MovesCell InsertionWorksheet SettingsNote:The Editor Selection is Context Sensitive.Menu selec
9、tions will vary for:Data WindowGraphSession WindowDepending on which is selected.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 14 Menu Bar-Session Window Editor MenuKey FunctionsAdvanced Edit and Display OptionsFont Connectivity SettingsThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8
10、 15 Menu Bar-Graph Window Editor MenuKey FunctionsAdvanced Edit and Display OptionsBrushing Graph ManipulationColorsOrientationFontThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 16 Menu Bar-Window MenuKey FunctionsAdvanced Window Display OptionsWindow Management/Display Toolbar Manipulation/
11、DisplayThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 17 Menu Bar-Help MenuKey FunctionsHelp and TutorialsSubject SearchesStatguide Multiple TutorialsMinitab on the WebThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 18MINITAB INTEROPERABILITYThe National Graduate School of Quality Man
12、agement v.8 19 Minitab InteroperabilityExcelMinitabPowerPointThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 20 Starting with Excel.Load file“Sample 1”in Excel.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 21 Starting with Excel.The data is now loaded into Excel.The National Graduate
13、 School of Quality Management v.8 22 Starting with Excel.Highlight and Copy the Data.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 23 Move to Minitab.Open Minitab and select the column you want to paste the data into.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 24 Move to Minitab.
14、Select Paste from the menu and the data will be inserted into the Minitab Worksheet.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 25 Use Minitab to do the Analysis.Lets say that we would like to test correlation between the Predicted Workload and the actual workload.Select Stat Regression.F
15、itted Line Plot.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 26 Use Minitab to do the Analysis.Minitab is now asking for us to identify the columns with the appropriate date.Click in the box for“Response(Y):Note that our options now appear in this box.Select“Actual Workload”and hit the sel
16、ect button.This will enter the“Actual Workload”data in the Response(Y)data field.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 27 Use Minitab to do the Analysis.Now click in the Predictor(X):box.Then click on“Predicted Workload”and hit the select button This will fill in the“Predictor(X):”d
17、ata field.Both data fields should now be filled.Select OK.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 28 Use Minitab to do the Analysis.Minitab now does the analysis and presents the results.Note that in this case there is a graph and an analysis summary in the Session WindowLets say we w
18、ant to use both in our PowerPoint presentation.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 29 Transferring the Analysis.Lets take care of the graph first.Go to Edit.Copy Graph.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 30 Transferring the Analysis.Open PowerPoint and select a
19、blank slide.Go to Edit.Paste Special.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 31 Transferring the Analysis.Select“Picture(Enhanced Metafile)This will give you the best graphics with the least amount of trouble.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 32 Transferring the A
20、nalysis.Our Minitab graph is now pasted into the powerpoint presentation.We can now size and position it accordingly.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 33 Transferring the Analysis.Now we can copy the analysis from the Session window.Highlight the text you want to copy.Select Edi
21、t.Copy.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 34 Transferring the Analysis.Now go back to your powerpoint presentation.Select Edit.Paste.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 35 Transferring the Analysis.Well we got our data,but it is a bit large.Reduce the font to 1
22、2 and we should be ok.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 36 Presenting the results.Now all we need to do is tune the presentation.Here we position the graph and summary and put in the appropriate takeaway.Then we are ready to present.The National Graduate School of Quality Manage
23、ment v.8 37Graphic CapabilitiesThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 38 Pareto Chart.Lets generate a Pareto Chart from a set of data.Go to File Open Project.Load the file Pareto.mpj.Now lets generate the Pareto Chart.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 39 Pareto C
24、hart.Go to:Stat Quality ToolsPareto Chart.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 40 Pareto Chart.Fill out the screen as follows:Our data is already summarized so we will use the Chart Defects table.Labels in“Category”Frequencies in“Quantity”.Add title and hit OK.The National Graduate
25、 School of Quality Management v.8 41 Pareto Chart.Minitab now completes our pareto for us ready to be copied and pasted into your PowerPoint presentation.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 42 Histogram.Lets generate a Histogram from a set of data.Go to File Open Project.Load the
26、file 2_Correlation.mpj.Now lets generate the Histogram of the GPA results.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 43 Histogram.Go to:Graph HistogramThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 44 Histogram.Fill out the screen as follows:Select GPA for our X value Graph Varia
27、bleHit OK.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 45 Histogram.Minitab now completes our histogram for us ready to be copied and pasted into your PowerPoint presentation.This data does not look like it is very normal.Lets use Minitab to test this distribution for normality.The Nationa
28、l Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 46 Histogram.Go to:Stat Basic StatisticsDisplay Descriptive Statistics.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 47 Histogram.Fill out the screen as follows:Select GPA for our Variable.Select Graphs.The National Graduate School of Quality Mana
29、gement v.8 48 Histogram.Select Graphical Summary.Select OK.Select OK again on the next screen.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 49 Histogram.Note that now we not only have our Histogram but a number of other descriptive statistics as well.This is a great summary slide.As for the
30、 normality question,note that our P value of.038 rejects the null hypothesis(P.05).So,we conclude with 95%confidence that the data is not normal.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 50 Histogram.Lets look at another“Histogram”tool we can use to evaluate and present data.Go to File
31、Open Project.Load the file overfill.mpj.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 51 Histogram.Go to:Graph Marginal PlotThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 52 Histogram.Fill out the screen as follows:Select filler 1 for the Y Variable.Select head for the X VariableSel
32、ect OK.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 53 Histogram.Note that now we not only have our Histogram but a dot plot of each head data as well.Note that head number 6 seems to be the source of the high readings.This type of Histogram is called a“Marginal Plot”.The National Graduate
33、 School of Quality Management v.8 54 Boxplot.Lets look at the same data using a Boxplot.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 55 Boxplot.Go to:Stat Basic StatisticsDisplay Descriptive Statistics.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 56 Boxplot.Fill out the screen as
34、 follows:Select“filler 1”for our Variable.Select Graphs.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 57 Boxplot.Select Boxplot of data.Select OK.Select OK again on the next screen.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 58 Boxplot.We now have our Boxplot of the data.The Nati
35、onal Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 59 Boxplot.There is another way we can use Boxplots to view the data.Go to:Graph Boxplot.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 60 Boxplot.Fill out the screen as follows:Select“filler 1”for our Y Variable.Select“head”for our X Variable.S
36、elect OK.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 61 Boxplot.Note that now we now have a box plot broken out by each of the various heads.Note that head number 6 again seems to be the source of the high readings.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 62 Scatter plot.Let
37、s look at data using a Scatterplot.Go to File Open Project.Load the file 2_Correlation.mpj.Now lets generate the Scatterplot of the GPA results against our Math and Verbal scores.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 63 Scatter plot.Go to:Graph Plot.The National Graduate School of Q
38、uality Management v.8 64 Scatter Plot.Fill out the screen as follows:Select GPA for our Y Variable.Select Math and Verbal for our X Variables.Select OK when done.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 65 Scatter plot.We now have two Scatter plots of the data stacked on top of each ot
39、herWe can display this better by tiling the graphs.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 66 Scatter plot.To do this:Go to WindowTile.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 67 Scatter plot.Now we can see both Scatter plots of the dataThe National Graduate School of Qu
40、ality Management v.8 68 Scatter plot.There is another way we can generate these scatter plots.Go to:Graph Matrix Plot.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 69 Scatter Plot.Fill out the screen as follows:Click in the“Graph variables”blockHighlight all three available data setsClick o
41、n the“Select”button.Select OK when done.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 70 Scatter plot.We now have a series of Scatter plots,each one corresponding to a combination of the data sets availableNote that there appears to be a strong correlation between Verbal and both Math and G
42、PA data.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 71Minitab Statistical ToolsThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 72PROCESS CAPABILITY ANALYSISThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 73Lets do a process capability study.Open Minitab and load the file Cap
43、ability.mpj.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 74SETTING UP THE TEST.Go to Stat Quality Tools.Capability Analysis(Weibull).The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 75Select“Torque”for our single data column.Enter a lower spec of 10 and an upper spec of 30.Then selec
44、t“OK”.SETTING UP THE TEST.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 76Note that the data does not fit the normal curve very well.Note that the Long Term capability(Ppk)is 0.43.This equates to a Z value of 3*0.43=1.29 standard deviations or sigma values.This equates to an expected defect
45、 rate PPM of 147,055.INTERPRETING THE DATA.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 77HYPOTHESIS TESTINGThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 78Load the file normality.mpj.Setting up the test in MinitabThe National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 79Checking t
46、he Data for Normality.Its important that we check for normality of data samples.Lets see how this works.Go to STAT.Basic Statistics.Normality Test.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 80Set up the TestWe will test the“Before”column of data.Check Anderson-DarlingClick OKThe National
47、 Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 81Analyzing the ResultsSince the P value is greater than.05 we can assume the“Before”data is normalNow repeat the test for the“After”Data(this is left to the student as a learning exercise.)The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 82Checking f
48、or equal variance.We now want to see if we have equal variances in our samples.To perform this test,our data must be“stacked”.To accomplish this go to Manip Stack Stack Columns.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 83Select both of the available columns(Before and After)to stack.Typ
49、e in the location where you want the stacked data.In this example we will use C4.Type in the location where you want the subscripts stored In this example we will use C3.Select OK.Checking for equal variance.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 84Now that we have our data stacked,w
50、e are ready to test for equal variances.Go to Stat ANOVA.Test for equal Variances.Checking for equal variance.The National Graduate School of Quality Management v.8 85Setting up the test.Our response will be the actual receipt performance for the two weeks we are comparing.In this case we had put th
