1、Unit 16 Unit 16 Standards for Early Childhood Professional Preparation Practice for Childrens English Teaching Skills1、Play the following game for children.2 2、Read the expression for classroom Read the expression for classroom managementmanagement3、Read the following story4 4、Read the following rhy
2、mesRead the following rhymes5 5、Read the following chantRead the following chant6 6、Sing the following songSing the following songThe“Please”Game（“请请”字游戏）字游戏）You stand in a circle.One child gives you requests.If the child says“please”,you must follow the requests.If she does not say“please”,you dont
3、 need to do the action.Or,you will lose and quit the game.1、Play the following game for children.Sample requests:2、Read the expression for classroom management2022-11-8When I was in elementary school,I got into an argument with a boy in my class.I have forgotten what the argument was about,but I hav
4、e never forgotten the lesson I learned that day.3、Read the following storyThings Are Not Always Black or White（事情并非总是黑或白的）（事情并非总是黑或白的）I was convinced that I was right and he was wrong-and he was just as convinced that I was wrong and he was right.The teacher decided to teach us a very important less
5、on.She brought us up to the front of the class and placed him on one side of her desk and me on the other.In the middle of her desk was a large,round object.I could clearly see that it was black.She asked the boy what color the object was.“White,”he answered.I couldnt believe he said the object was
6、white,when it was obviously black!Another argument started between my classmate and me,this time about the color of the object.The teacher told me to go stand where the boy had been standing and told him to come stand where I had been.We changed places,and now she asked me what the color of the obje
7、ct was.I had to answer,“White.”It was an object with two differently colored sides,and from his viewpoint it was white.Only from my side was it black.My teacher taught me a very important lesson that day.You must stand in the other persons shoes and look at the situation through their eyes to truly
8、understand their perspective.4、Read the following rhymesA Little Old Man（一个老人）（一个老人）One misty,moisty morning,When cloudy was the weather,I met a little old man clothed all in leather.He began to compliment,And I began to grin,How do you do,and how do you do,And how do you do again?Hi!（你好）（你好）Hi,hi.H
9、i,hi,hi!Morning,morning.Morning,morning,morning.Bye,bye.Bye,bye,bye.5、Read the following chantsHow Are You?（你好吗？）（你好吗？）Hi,how are you?-Fine,how are you?Hi,how are you?-Fine,how are you?6、Sing the following songHello,How Are You?（你好吗？）（你好吗？）Questions for text discussion1.In your opinion,what are the
10、standards for early childhood initial teachers?2.As an initial teacher,how do you build relationships with childrens families?text standard n.标准标准initial adj.最初的最初的,初始的初始的characteristicn.特性特性,特征特征respectful adj.尊重人的尊重人的,有礼貌的有礼貌的supportive adj.支持的，支援的支持的，支援的challenging adj.挑战的挑战的,引起挑战性兴趣的引起挑战性兴趣的 rec
11、iprocaladj.互惠的互惠的,相应的相应的assess vt.评价评价,评定评定systematic adj.系统的系统的,体系的体系的document vt.记录记录documentationn.记录，文件材料记录，文件材料strategy n.策略策略 academicadj.学术的学术的,学院的学院的implement vt.实施实施,执行执行evaluate vt.评价评价,估计估计inquiry n.质询质询,调查调查deepen v.加深加深,深化深化comprehensiveadj.全面的全面的,广泛的广泛的,能充分理解的能充分理解的moraladj.道德上的道德上的,精神
12、的精神的 collaborativeadj.合作的合作的,协作的协作的reflectiveadj.反省的反省的,沉思的沉思的source n.来源来源,水源水源,消息来源消息来源advocate n.提倡者提倡者policy n.政策政策,方针方针Expressionsknow about了解了解involve in参与参与,涉及涉及,卷入卷入 in partnership with和和合伙合伙/合作合作an approach to一个一个方法方法,一个一个途径途径be related to与与有关有关In order to improve the quality of services fo
13、r children,there are some standards for early childhood professional preparation.Standards for Early Childhood Initial TeachersStandard 1.Promoting Child Development and LearningInitial teachers use their understanding of young childrens characteristics and needs,and of many interacting influences o
14、n childrens development and learning,to create environments that are healthy,respectful,supportive,and challenging for all children.Standard 2.Building Family and Community RelationshipsInitial teachers know about,understand,and value the importance and complex characteristics of childrens families
15、and communities.They use this understanding to create respectful,reciprocal relationships that support and help families,and to involve all families in their childrens development and learning.Standard 3.Observing,Documenting,and Assessing to Support Young Children and FamiliesInitial teachers know
16、about and understand the goals,benefits,and uses of assessment.They know about and use systematic observations,documentation and other effective assessment strategies in a responsible way,in partnership with families and other professionals,to positively influence childrens development and learning.
17、Standard 4.Teaching and LearningInitial teachers integrate their understanding of and relationships with children and families;their understanding of effective approaches to teaching and learning;and their knowledge of academic subjects to design,implement and evaluate experiences that promote posit
18、ive development and learning for all children.Sub-Standard 4a.Connecting with children and familiesInitial teachers know,understand and use positive relationships and supportive interactions as the foundation for their work with young children.SubStandard 4b.Using developmentally effective approache
19、sInitial teachers know,understand and use a great number of effective approaches,strategies,and tools to positively influence childrens development and learning.Sub-Standard 4c.Understanding content knowledge in early educationInitial teachers understand the importance of each content area in young
20、childrens learning.They know the essential concepts,inquiry tools,and structure of content areas including academic subjects and can identify resources to deepen their understanding.Standard 5.Becoming a ProfessionalInitial teachers identify and conduct themselves as members of the early childhood p
21、rofession.They know and use moral guidelines and other professional standards related to early childhood practice.They are continuous,collaborative learners who demonstrate knowledgeable,reflective and critical views on their work,making wise decisions that integrate knowledge from a variety of sour
22、ces.They are informed advocates for educational practices and policies.A new addition to the list of interest centers in many programs is a technology area,or computer center,where children use microcomputers alone and in small groups.Notes1、In order to improve the quality of services for children,t
23、here are some standards for early childhood professional preparation.为了提高服务孩子的质量为了提高服务孩子的质量,有一些标准为儿童早有一些标准为儿童早期做了专业性的准备。期做了专业性的准备。标准标准1.促进儿童发展和学习促进儿童发展和学习2、Initial teachers use their understanding of young childrens characteristics and needs,and of many interacting influences on childrens developmen
24、t and learning,to create environments that are healthy,respectful,supportive,and challenging for all children.初级教师利用他们对幼儿性格特征和需求的理解初级教师利用他们对幼儿性格特征和需求的理解,许多儿童发展和学习的交许多儿童发展和学习的交互影响，来为孩子创造健康的互影响，来为孩子创造健康的,尊重尊重,支持支持,和具有挑战性的环境。和具有挑战性的环境。initial iniladj.最初的；原始的；初期的；第一的；最初的；原始的；初期的；第一的；字首的字首的vt.用姓名的首字母签名用姓
25、名的首字母签名n.词首大写字母词首大写字母Initial teachers 初级教师初级教师标准标准2.建立家庭与社区的关系建立家庭与社区的关系3、Initial teachers know about,understand,and value the importance and complex characteristics of childrens families and communities.初级教师知道初级教师知道,理解理解,评估孩子的家庭与社区之间的重要性评估孩子的家庭与社区之间的重要性及复杂性。及复杂性。know about 知道，了解，知道知道，了解，知道的情况：的情况：I
26、 happened to know about him.我碰巧了解他的情况。我碰巧了解他的情况。I know nothing about this matter.我对此一无所知。我对此一无所知。value vlju:n.值；价值；价格；重要性；确切涵义值；价值；价格；重要性；确切涵义 vt.1.给给估价；给估价；给定价；评价：定价；评价：The painting has been valued at 60 000.这张画被估价这张画被估价6万镑。万镑。That was the way bourgeois society valued a man.这就是资产这就是资产阶级社会评价人的方法。阶级社
27、会评价人的方法。2.重视，珍视；尊重：重视，珍视；尊重：I always valued his advice.我一贯尊重他的意见。我一贯尊重他的意见。短语短语:of no value 没价值的没价值的put little value on(或或 upon)不怎么重视；对不怎么重视；对评价不高评价不高put much value on(或或 upon)重视；对重视；对给予高度评价给予高度评价take at face value 根据外表根据外表(或表面价值或表面价值)判断判断value in exchange 交换价值交换价值value oneself on(或或 upon)自夸；自负；以自夸；
28、自负；以自豪自豪4、They use this understanding to create respectful,reciprocal relationships that support and help families,and to involve all families in their childrens development and learning.他们使用这种理解创建尊重、互惠的关系他们使用这种理解创建尊重、互惠的关系,支持和帮助家支持和帮助家庭庭,并涉及所有家庭中孩子们的发展及学习。并涉及所有家庭中孩子们的发展及学习。reciprocal risiprkl adj.1
29、.相互的；有来有往的相互的；有来有往的 2.互惠的；相互补偿的互惠的；相互补偿的 3.回报的，报答的，答谢的回报的，报答的，答谢的 n.相互作用相互作用(或关联或关联)的事物；相的事物；相对事物对事物短语短语 reciprocal relation 互反关系互反关系 reciprocal transformation 相互转化；反向变换；倒数转换相互转化；反向变换；倒数转换 reciprocal relationship 互反关系互反关系 reciprocal cross 正反交；互交正反交；互交 reciprocal action 互相酌；相互酌；交互作用互相酌；相互酌；交互作用 Thats
30、 why we talk about reciprocal love.这就是为什么我们讨论相互的爱。这就是为什么我们讨论相互的爱。We knew what they were doing and it was reciprocal.我们知道他们在干我们知道他们在干什么，而这种了解是相互的。什么，而这种了解是相互的。标准标准3.观察、记录和评估来支持年轻的孩子和家庭观察、记录和评估来支持年轻的孩子和家庭Initial teachers know about and understand the goals,benefits,and uses of assessment.初级教师知道和理解目标初级
31、教师知道和理解目标,好处和评估的使用。好处和评估的使用。5、They know about and use systematic observations,documentation and other effective assessment strategies in a responsible way,in partnership with families and other professionals,to positively influence childrens development and learning.他们知道他们知道,并以一种负责任的方式，使用系统的观测、文档和其他
32、有效的评估并以一种负责任的方式，使用系统的观测、文档和其他有效的评估策略，与家庭和其他专业人士建立伙伴关系，以此来积极影响孩子的发展和策略，与家庭和其他专业人士建立伙伴关系，以此来积极影响孩子的发展和学习。学习。systematic,sistimtik adj.系统的；体系的；有系统的；系统的；体系的；有系统的；documentation,dkjumentein n.文件文件,证明文件证明文件,史实史实,文件编制文件编制In partnership with 和和合伙合伙(或合作或合作)标准标准4.教与学教与学6、Initial teachers integrate their underst
33、anding of and relationships with children and families;初级教师把他们对孩子与家庭的关系的理解初级教师把他们对孩子与家庭的关系的理解;7、their understanding of effective approaches to teaching and learning;and their knowledge of academic subjects to design,implement and evaluate experiences that promote positive development and learning fo
34、r all children.初级教师把他们对孩子与家庭的关系的理解初级教师把他们对孩子与家庭的关系的理解;有有效的教学方法的理解效的教学方法的理解,他们对知识学科的设计、他们对知识学科的设计、实施和评估的经验整合起来，以此促进孩子们实施和评估的经验整合起来，以此促进孩子们的积极发展和学习的积极发展和学习integrate intireit,intirit,-reitvt.使使完整；使完整；使成整体；求成整体；求的积分；表示的积分；表示的总和的总和vi.求积分；取消隔离；成为一体求积分；取消隔离；成为一体adj.整合的；完全的整合的；完全的n.一体化；集成体一体化；集成体implement i
35、mplimnt,implimentvt.实施，执行；实现，使生效实施，执行；实现，使生效n.工具，器具；手段工具，器具；手段evaluate ivljueit vt.评价；估价；求评价；估价；求的值的值vi.评价；估价评价；估价4a.与孩子和家庭联系与孩子和家庭联系sub-standard adj.标准以下的标准以下的sub-standard housing 低标低标准住房准住房 sub-standard cement 次品水次品水泥泥 sub-standard ship 次标准船次标准船an approach to 一个一个方法方法,一个一个途径途径 e.g.This paper propo
36、ses an approach to spelling correction.这篇论文提出一种拼写校正这篇论文提出一种拼写校正方法。方法。8.content knowledge 内容知识内容知识,学科知识学科知识 9、They know the essential concepts,inquiry tools,and structure of content areas including academic subjects and can identify resources to deepen their understanding.他们知道基本概念、调查工具、内容区域的结构，包括学术科目
37、以他们知道基本概念、调查工具、内容区域的结构，包括学术科目以及识别资源来加深理解。及识别资源来加深理解。essential isenl adj.基本的；必要的；本质的；精华的基本的；必要的；本质的；精华的n.本质；要素；要点；必需品本质；要素；要点；必需品inquiry inkwairi n.1.询问，打听，探问询问，打听，探问 2.质问，追究质问，追究 3.探索，探究探索，探究(真理、知识等真理、知识等)4.调查，查问，审问调查，查问，审问 5.问题问题,疑问疑问亦作亦作 enquiry Initial teachers know,understand and use positive re
38、lationships and supportive interactions as the foundation for their work with young children.初级教师知道、理解、使用积极的人际关系、支持互动作为为孩子初级教师知道、理解、使用积极的人际关系、支持互动作为为孩子们工作的基础。们工作的基础。4b.发展性的运用有效方法发展性的运用有效方法Initial teachers know,understand and use a great number of effective approaches,strategies,and tools to positive
39、ly influence childrens development and learning.初级教师知道、理解和使用大量的有效方法、策略和工具来积极影响初级教师知道、理解和使用大量的有效方法、策略和工具来积极影响孩子的发展和学习。孩子的发展和学习。4c.理解早期教育中的内容知识理解早期教育中的内容知识Initial teachers understand the importance of each content area in young childrens learning.初级教师理解每一个内容区域在幼儿学习中的初级教师理解每一个内容区域在幼儿学习中的重要性。重要性。4d.建立有意
40、义的课程建立有意义的课程Initial teachers use their own knowledge and other resources to design,implement,and evaluate meaningful,challenging curriculum that promotes comprehensive developmental and learning outcomes for all young children.初级教师运用自己的知识和其他资源来设计、实施和评估有意义的、初级教师运用自己的知识和其他资源来设计、实施和评估有意义的、有挑战性的课程有挑战性的课
41、程,促进所有幼儿的全面发展和学习结果。促进所有幼儿的全面发展和学习结果。comprehensive,kmprihensiv adj.1.广泛的；综合的；包含多的，无所不包的，全面的广泛的；综合的；包含多的，无所不包的，全面的 2.领悟的；有理解力的，能充分理解的领悟的；有理解力的，能充分理解的 n.常用复数常用复数综合测验综合测验,专业综合考试专业综合考试全称全称comprehensive examination 综合学校，综合性中学综合学校，综合性中学 标准标准5.成为一名专业人员成为一名专业人员professional prfenl adj.专业的；职业的；职业性的专业的；职业的；职业性的
42、n.专业人员；职业运动员专业人员；职业运动员Initial teachers identify and conduct themselves as members of the early childhood profession.初级教师作为幼儿专业人员，要识别和对自己的行为初级教师作为幼儿专业人员，要识别和对自己的行为负责。负责。conduct kndkt;kndkt n.1.行为，举止；品行行为，举止；品行 2.指导；管理，经营；实施，处理；安排指导；管理，经营；实施，处理；安排 3.指挥；带领；护送指挥；带领；护送 vt.1.conduct oneself表现表现,为人为人,行为：行为
43、：He conducted himself in a gracious manner.他为人和蔼可亲。他为人和蔼可亲。2.指导，管理，经营；进行；实施；处理：指导，管理，经营；进行；实施；处理：3.指挥指挥(乐队乐队)：4.给给做向导，引路，带领；护送；陪同做向导，引路，带领；护送；陪同10、They know and use moral guidelines and other professional standards related to early childhood practice.他们知道、使用道德准则和其他与幼儿实践相关的专业标准。他们知道、使用道德准则和其他与幼儿实践相关的
44、专业标准。moral mrl,m:-adj.道德的；精神上的；品性端正的道德的；精神上的；品性端正的n.道德；寓意道德；寓意11、They are continuous,collaborative learners who demonstrate knowledgeable,reflective and critical views on their work,making wise decisions that integrate knowledge from a variety of sources.他们都是连续的他们都是连续的,合作的学习者合作的学习者,在工作中展示知识渊博、具有反在工作
45、中展示知识渊博、具有反思和批判性的观点思和批判性的观点,制定明智的决策制定明智的决策,从各种不同的来源中整合知从各种不同的来源中整合知识。识。collaborative klbrtiv adj.合作的，协作的合作的，协作的demonstrate demnstreit vt.1.证明，论证，证实：证明，论证，证实：2.(用实例、标本、实验等用实例、标本、实验等)说明，解释，表明；教：说明，解释，表明；教：3.显示出显示出(品质、特征等品质、特征等):4.表露表露(情感等情感等)：5.示范操作示范操作(机器、仪器、产品等机器、仪器、产品等)；宣传；宣传(产品产品)等的优点等的优点(或用法或用法)，
46、演示，显示：，演示，显示：vi.示威；参加示威；参加(或举行或举行)集会集会(或游行示威或游行示威)：reflective riflektiv adj.1.反射的反射的 2.反映的反映的 3.反省的；沉思的反省的；沉思的 making wise decisions that integrate knowledge from a variety of sources.作出明智的决策，这一决策整合着来源众多的知作出明智的决策，这一决策整合着来源众多的知识。识。source n.来源，水源，消息来源来源，水源，消息来源 e.g.As a rule,innovation is a source of
47、wealth.规律告诉我们，创新是财富的来源之一。规律告诉我们，创新是财富的来源之一。Religion is not the only source of division.宗教宗教问题并不是分裂的唯一来源。问题并不是分裂的唯一来源。resource n.资源资源 e.g.Today we are overpopulated,straining the earths resources.现在我们人口过多，致使地球资现在我们人口过多，致使地球资源使用过度。源使用过度。They are informed advocates for 他们是他们是的的知晓者和提倡者。知晓者和提倡者。They are
48、informed advocates for educational practices and policies.他们被告知要提倡教育实践和政策。他们被告知要提倡教育实践和政策。informed inf:md adj.消息灵通的；见多识广的消息灵通的；见多识广的v.通知；使了解；提供资料（通知；使了解；提供资料（inform的过去分词）的过去分词）advocate dvkeit;dvkt vt.提倡；拥护；主张；鼓吹；为提倡；拥护；主张；鼓吹；为辩护：辩护：提倡；拥护；主张；鼓吹；为提倡；拥护；主张；鼓吹；为辩护：辩护：n.提倡者，倡导者；拥护者；鼓吹者提倡者，倡导者；拥护者；鼓吹者(of)
49、辩护者，辩护士辩护者，辩护士(辩护辩护)律师，专门律师，出庭律师律师，专门律师，出庭律师(作为头衔用于保留古罗马法律实质的国家和地区，如苏格兰；作为头衔用于保留古罗马法律实质的国家和地区，如苏格兰；亦用于英国海事法庭等亦用于英国海事法庭等)related to early childhood practice 是过去分词是过去分词短语作定语，修饰短语作定语，修饰other professional standards。be related to 与与有关有关 e.g.Spelling problems can also be related to the disorder.拼写问题同样可能与书
50、写障碍症有关。拼写问题同样可能与书写障碍症有关。Worldwide Weird:Odd Ways To Ring In The New YearDrawing more than one million visitors in person and one billion viewers on TV,New York Citys Times Square ball drop is one of the most watched events in the world.Read for funBut many cities across the United States prefer to p
