1、School lifeGrammarattributive clauseAttribute（定语）（定语）定语可以由什么来充当？定语可以由什么来充当？1.a woman teacher2.a red car3.the boy in the house4.4.the man hit by the car5.the students playing basketball6.6.the way to solve the problem7.7.a girl whose name was DianaIntroduction to attributive clauses 含义：含义：在含有主从句的复合句中
2、，用来修饰在含有主从句的复合句中，用来修饰主句中主句中名词或代词名词或代词的从句就是定语从句，的从句就是定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词称为被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词先行词，引导定，引导定语从句的词叫做语从句的词叫做关系词关系词。Practice 找出下面句子中的先行词，关系词和定语从句找出下面句子中的先行词，关系词和定语从句1.The woman who can speak Russian got the job.2.The woman whom we saw on the street got the job.3.He is the boy whose English is very goo
3、d in our class.4.This is the factory that I visited.5.His film which won several awards was about the life of Gandhi.定语从句引导词关系代词关系代词 所指代（即先行词）所指代（即先行词）在定语从句中所作在定语从句中所作句子成分句子成分 who 人人主语，宾语主语，宾语whom 人人宾语宾语which 物物主语，宾主语，宾语语that 人人/物物主语，宾语，表主语，宾语，表语语whose 所有格所有格定语定语as 人人/物物主语，主语，宾语，表宾语，表语语关系代词的用法关系代词的用
4、法(在定语从句中）在定语从句中）1.who指人指人,作主语或宾语作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）作宾语可省略）The man who I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2.whom指人指人,作宾语作宾语(作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,如介词提前如介词提前则不能省，且不能换成则不能省，且不能换成who)The man(whom/who)I nodded to is Mr.Li.The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li.3.which 指物，作主语或宾语
5、指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省如介词提前则不能省)These are the trees which were planted last year.This recorder（which）he is using is made in Japan.Is this the library(which)you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrow books?4.that 指人指人/物，作主语，宾语，表语物，作主语，宾语，表语(作宾语可省作宾语可省略）略）A plane is a ma
6、chine that can fly.He is the man(that)I told you about.He is no longer the boy that he used to be.注意：注意：介词后边不可用介词后边不可用that。Is this the library from which you borrow books?that与与which：that和和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下但在下列情况下,一般用一般用that而不用而不用which。i.先行词是最高级或者前面有最高级修饰的先行词是最高级或者前面有最高级修饰的时候
7、时候ii.This is the best that has been used iii.against pollution.iv.English is the most difficult subject that v.you will learn during these years.vi.ii.先行词是序数词，或者前面有序数词修先行词是序数词，或者前面有序数词修饰的时候饰的时候vii.He is the last person(that)I want to see.iii.主句已有疑问词主句已有疑问词who或者或者which的时候的时候Which is the bike that you
8、 lost?Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?iv.先行词既有人又有物，宜用先行词既有人又有物，宜用thatDo you know the things and persons that they are talking about?v.先行词是先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等不定代词时等不定代词时You should hand in all that you have.We havent got much that we
9、 can offer you.I mean the one that you talked about just now.vi.先行词前面先行词前面the only,the same,the very,few，any，little，no，all，every 等词修饰的时候等词修饰的时候The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.关系代词关系代词whose的用法的用法whose是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。当代物的时候，它相当于当代物的时候，它相当于of which.I saw
10、a woman whose bag was stolen.Please show me the book whose cover is red.(Please show me the book the cover of which is red)关系代词关系代词as的用法的用法as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常有引导限制性定语从句先行词前常有such,the same,so,as，与关系代词，与关系代词as一起构成一起构成suchas,the same as,soas等结构等结构做题时极易忽略！出错率做题时极易忽略！出错率80%as在定语从句中可充当：主语、宾语或表语。在定语从句中可充当：主语、宾语或表语。Ive never heard such stories as he tells.This is the same dictionary as I lost.It is so big a stone as nobody can lift.
