1、1中考完形填空中考完形填空突破方法突破方法 22009-2012河南中考完形填空考查体裁河南中考完形填空考查体裁考查体裁2009201020112012记叙文 说明文议论文3Cloze testlEarly one morning,an old woman was carrying a big basket of cabbages on her head to the market.She hoped to （1）them to the people from town.The mountain road was narrow and the old woman was walking （2）
2、,because she did not want to have （3）and lose her cabbage.Suddenly she （4）a loud bell and a bicycle came round the corner.It passed her and went very fast （5）the hill.The old woman had to jump up to one side of the （6）so quickly that the basket of cabbages nearly fell into the valley.She looked up,a
3、nd saw that a young boy was on the bicycle.He was （7）on without even looking round to see （8）the old woman was all right.The old woman began to shout,“Come back,young man！You dropped something！”When he heard this,the boy stopped the bicycle so suddenly that he （9）fell off.Then he turned and began to
4、 （10）the bicycle back up to the hill.“What is it？”he asked.（）1.A.send B.sell C.give D.take（）2.A.carefully B.clearly C.politely D.hardly （）3.A.a match B.a rest C.an accident D.a talk （）4.A.hit B.made C.found D.heard （）5.A.over B.up C.to D.do（）6.A.road B.street C.town D.hill （）7.A.driving B.riding C.r
5、unning D.walking（）8.A.how B.why C.whether D.when （）9.A.usually B.hardly C.easily D.nearly （）10.A.carry B.catch C.push D.give 42009-2012 河南中考完形填空考查词河南中考完形填空考查词名词名词动词动词形容形容词词副词副词连词连词介词介词代词代词短语短语092211112102231111123211112221111115中考完形填空的两大特点：中考完形填空的两大特点：l1 体裁上以记叙文为主。体裁上以记叙文为主。l2 所选词以实词为主，虚词为辅。所选词以实词为主
6、，虚词为辅。6利用首尾句定体裁利用首尾句定体裁（1）首句：首句引领全篇，定位文章的体裁）首句：首句引领全篇，定位文章的体裁和主旨和主旨(2012二练）二练）例：例：1 1、A group of frogs were traveling A group of frogs were traveling through the forests,but unluckily two of through the forests,but unluckily two of them fell into a hole.them fell into a hole.7l2、（、（2010河南）河南）l Long
7、ago,in a small village of Long ago,in a small village of Wakefield lived two farmers,Harry and Wakefield lived two farmers,Harry and Peter.Harry was very hand-working Peter.Harry was very hand-working while Peter was.while Peter was.lOne day One day l（2 2）尾句：总结全篇，阐明道理）尾句：总结全篇，阐明道理l例：（上期期中）例：（上期期中）l
8、A door is locked,A big stone A door is locked,A big stone comes comes 8lLife is just like this,if we want Life is just like this,if we want our parents understand us,we our parents understand us,we must first know their hearts.must first know their hearts.9练一练(20132013备考备考)首句：首句：Tom was driving home
9、 on a cold Tom was driving home on a cold rainy night.rainy night.（20132013原创）原创）It was too late at night when an old It was too late at night when an old man came to a small town.man came to a small town.10尾句：尾句：The story teaches us a lesson:There The story teaches us a lesson:There is power(is pow
10、er(力量）力量）of life and death in the of life and death in the tongue.An encouraging word to those tongue.An encouraging word to those who are down can help them out while who are down can help them out while a discouraging word can kill them.a discouraging word can kill them.11突破方法:一、利用关联词l关联词是单词和句子之间的
11、纽带关联词是单词和句子之间的纽带l例：例：1 1、she is she is so so lovely a girl lovely a girl thatthat we love her very much.we love her very much.l 2 2、Hurry up,Hurry up,oror youll be late.youll be late.l 3 3、The doctors tried to save the The doctors tried to save the patient,patient,butbut they failed they failed.12l练
12、一练 l l1、How do you like the food?How do you like the food?l It wasIt was delicious that we ate delicious that we ate it up quickly.it up quickly.such,too,so,enoughv分析：分析：sothat.sothat.为固定句型为固定句型.so13 In many ways she was nearly perfect.In many ways she was nearly perfect.38 38,she did have two small
13、,she did have two small shortcomings.(shortcomings.(缺点缺点)()A However B Because C So D Even if()A However B Because C So D Even ifThe healthier your teeth are,the happier you feel.The healthier your teeth are,the happier you feel.Why is that?Its Why is that?Its 39 39 your teeth are your teeth are imp
14、ortant in many ways.important in many ways.()A though B because C if D when ()A though B because C if D when再练习AB14二、利用上下文例：1、Li lei is a Li lei is a _ _ person.once he helped an old womanperson.once he helped an old woman.分析：下文分析：下文helphelp可知用可知用helpfulhelpful.helpful,cruel,honest,silly helpful15 2
15、、There were so many people on the bus that There were so many people on the bus that there were _empty seats.When a young man there were _empty seats.When a young man got on,an old man near him wanted to _,but got on,an old man near him wanted to _,but the young man pushed him back to his seat.the y
16、oung man pushed him back to his seat.“Thank you,”he said,“but please dont “Thank you,”he said,“but please dont do that,I can stand.”do that,I can stand.”o分析：根据上文“There were so many people on the bus”排除A.B.C;下一空根据下文“pushed him back to his seat”和“I can stand.”年轻人误以为老人要给他让座，而实际上老人是想站起来下车，所以选D.12()1.A.m
17、any B.some C.enough D.no()2.A.sit down B.get on C.set out D.stand upDD16l练一练：l Dog hasDog has meanings,for meanings,for example,“you are a lucky dog”example,“you are a lucky dog”means means lyou are a lucky personyou are a lucky personpositive,negativepositivel分析分析:下文为褒义，因此选下文为褒义，因此选positivepositive
18、.172、One day,Li Ming walked past the shoe One day,Li Ming walked past the shoe shop at the street corner.Once again,he shop at the street corner.Once again,he stopped to look at the shop window.He felt stopped to look at the shop window.He felt happy to see the shoes that he wanted very happy to see
19、 the shoes that he wanted very much were still there.He really wanted to much were still there.He really wanted to have them for his birthday.Looking down at have them for his birthday.Looking down at old his old his ,he felt sorry for himself.,he felt sorry for himself.l分析分析:根据上文根据上文He felt happy t
20、o see the shoes He felt happy to see the shoes that he wanted very much were still therethat he wanted very much were still there知知应选应选shoes.shoes.bags shoes coats clothesshoes18books clothes flowers vegetables 1 1、On the way to her bedroom,to my On the way to her bedroom,to my surprise,I found some
21、 surprise,I found some by the by the door of the kitchen.At that time my door of the kitchen.At that time my tears began to fall.I quietly went and got tears began to fall.I quietly went and got down on my knees by her bed.She woke down on my knees by her bed.She woke up and put her arms around my n
22、eck up and put her arms around my neck when I kissed her.Then I asked,“Did when I kissed her.Then I asked,“Did you pick these flowers for me?”you pick these flowers for me?”flowers分析分析:根据下文根据下文“Did you pick these flowers Did you pick these flowers for me?”for me?”故选择故选择 flowersflowers.19三、利用宾语从句、定语从
23、句 例：1 1、HeHe saidsaid thatthat the film was the film was very interesting and very interesting and thatthat he he enjoyed seeing it very much.enjoyed seeing it very much.2 2、A doctor is a personA doctor is a person whowho looks after peoples health.looks after peoples health.The The woman woman that
24、that she talks with she talks with is her teacher.is her teacher.20l练一练1、Thats the girl Thats the girl I met at I met at party yesterday.party yesterday.2 2、I will never forget the dayI will never forget the day _ _ we spent in awe spent in a park.park.whothat21四、固定搭配例：例：1 1、Im Im forward to meeting
25、 forward to meeting you.you.2 2、There is no There is no that phones play that phones play an an important role in the modern lifeimportant role in the modern life.looking seeing watching readingquestion problem answer doubtdoubtlooking22练一练 1、Its Sunday.Some students are Its Sunday.Some students are
26、 going _a trip with their going _a trip with their teacher._their way they saw a bus teacher._their way they saw a bus behind thembehind them分析分析:go on a trip :go on a trip 是固定搭配，是固定搭配，on ones on ones way toway to是习惯用法是习惯用法.to for on at On By At ToonOn23 I got an idea.I could cut a piece I got an id
27、ea.I could cut a piece 3939 that chocolate without anyone knowing it.that chocolate without anyone knowing it.()A off B into C on D along ()A off B into C on D along You brush all of your teeth,not just the front You brush all of your teeth,not just the front ones.Spend some time ones.Spend some tim
28、e 4040 the teeth along the sides and in the back.the teeth along the sides and in the back.()A on B in C at D to ()A on B in C at D to分析分析:作者想从巧克力上切去一块而不让人知道，固定作者想从巧克力上切去一块而不让人知道，固定搭配搭配cut off;cut off;而下一空而下一空spendon somethingspendon something也也是固定搭配是固定搭配.AA24固定固定搭配：搭配：1 1、break down 2break down 2、b
29、ring downbring down 3 3、be known as/for 4be known as/for 4、in memory ofin memory of 5 5、in ones view 6in ones view 6、set offset off 7 7、make up ones mind 8make up ones mind 8、pass awaypass away 9 9、give away 10give away 10、put away put away 1111、fall in love with 12fall in love with 12、hear fromhear
30、 from 13 13、come up with 14come up with 14、come to an endcome to an end25(2009(2009河南）河南）Mr Brown began to walk at eight in the Mr Brown began to walk at eight in the morning.Now the sun was about to set.morning.Now the sun was about to set.He was tired and hungry.He was walking He was tired and hun
31、gry.He was walking slowly towards the _ and his slowly towards the _ and his shadow(shadow(影子）影子）lay long behind him.He lay long behind him.He had to look for a place for the night.had to look for a place for the night.分析：分析：“太阳就要下山了太阳就要下山了”，“他的影子长他的影子长长地拖在后面长地拖在后面”可推断出布朗先生正朝着西方可推断出布朗先生正朝着西方慢慢地走着慢慢地
32、走着.east.west.south.north五.逻辑推理west26六、词语用法/词义辨析 about the sports about the sports meeting make us excited.meeting make us excited.例；1.News,Information,Messages,AdviceMessages 2.The athlete 2.The athlete his competitors and his competitors and the gold medal yesterday.the gold medal yesterday.A.beat;
33、won B.defeat;won A.beat;won B.defeat;won C.beat;defeatC.beat;defeat A27My mother was a housewife.She My mother was a housewife.She thought thought that successful peoplethat successful people a lot a lot more more time reading than watching TV.time reading than watching TV.l分析：分析：spend spend 和和paypa
34、y的主语是人，且有的主语是人，且有spenddoing sthspenddoing sth的用法的用法spend,take,pay,cost spent练一练：预测卷（三）28have on,put on,dress,inlA little cock lived near the river.On A little cock lived near the river.On morning the little cock_his morning the little cock_his beautiful clothes and went for a walk beautiful clothes
35、and went for a walk by the river.On his way he met a little by the river.On his way he met a little cock.cock.l分析：分析：wear wear 和和have onhave on表示状态，表示状态，put on put on 表示动作，而表示动作，而dressdress的宾语只能是人，再结的宾语只能是人，再结合原句的意思，确定合原句的意思，确定put on.put on.put on29解答完形填空题的几点方法：解答完形填空题的几点方法：1.1.利用关联词利用关联词l 2.2.利用上下文
36、利用上下文l 3.3.利用宾语从句、定语从句利用宾语从句、定语从句l4.4.固定搭配固定搭配l5.5.逻辑思维逻辑思维l6.6.词语运用词语运用/词义辨析词义辨析30ExerciseExercise Long agoLong ago，in a small village in a small village of Wakefield lived two farmersof Wakefield lived two farmers，Harry and PeterHarry and PeterHarry was very Harry was very hard-working while Peter
37、 washard-working while Peter was 36 36 Every day Harry got up Every day Harry got up early and came home lateearly and came home late，but but Peter walked around for fun.Peter walked around for fun.One summer there was no One summer there was no 37 37 and the crops were and the crops were dyingdying
38、Harry thoughtHarry thought，“I must I must do something to save these do something to save these cropscrops，or they shall dieor they shall die”With With this this 38 38 in mindin mind，he went out he went out to find a river so that he could to find a river so that he could dig a canal(dig a canal(沟渠沟
39、渠)to his field)to his fieldHe He walked on and on,feeling tired walked on and on,feeling tired and thirstyand thirstyAfter a After a 39 39 search search，he found a river full of blue he found a river full of blue water.water.()36A Acruel B.lazy cruel B.lazy C Ccareless Dcareless Dsilly silly()37()37
40、A Arain Brain Bwind wind C.cloud DC.cloud Driverriver()38()38A.feeling A.feeling B Bdream dream C Cproblem problem D Dthoughtthought()39()39A Aquick Bquick Blong long C.slow DC.slow DspecialspecialBADB31Exercise Long ago，in a small village of Wakefield lived two farmers，Harry and PeterHarry was very
41、 hard-working while Peter was lazy Every day Harry got up early and came home late，but Peter walked around for fun.One summer there was no rain and the crops were dyingHarry thought，“I must do something to save these crops，or they shall die”With this thought in mind，he went out to find a river so th
42、at he could dig a canal(沟沟渠渠)to his fieldHe walked on and on,feeling tired and thirstyAfter a long search，he found a river full of blue water.32Exercise He was very happyHe started digging a canal to his field.40 it was noon his wife sent their daughter to bring Harry home 41 lunchBut Harry did not
43、goHe did not want to leave his work unfinished.He completed his work 42 at nightHe Was very satisfiedHe went home had a good meal and 43 into a sound sleep Peter did the sameBut he was not at all determined(有决心的有决心的)He also 44 digging a canal to his field but he didnt have his work completedHis fiel
44、d did not get 45 water and all his crops died Harrys field would be watered when neededHe had a good harvest because of his hard work()40AWhether BAlthough CWhen DUnless()41A.for Bto Cwith Dat()42A.early Bfar Clate D.deep()43Afell Blooked Cturned Dwalked()44Astopped Bloved C.forgot DStarted()45Aclea
45、n Benough Clittle DfreshCACADB33完形填空的解题四步骤完形填空的解题四步骤:l1 1 速浏览通大意。速浏览通大意。l2 2 扣大意做易题。扣大意做易题。l3 3 仔细推敲攻难关仔细推敲攻难关。l4 4 复读全文纠失误。复读全文纠失误。34Summary:Summary:完形填空的特点：完形填空的特点：1 1 体裁上以记叙文为主。体裁上以记叙文为主。2 2 所选词以实词为主。所选词以实词为主。II II 解答完形填空题的几点方法解答完形填空题的几点方法:：1.1.利用关联词利用关联词 2.2.利用上下文利用上下文 3.3.利用宾语从句、定语从句利用宾语从句、定语从句 4.4.固定搭配固定搭配 5.5.逻辑思维逻辑思维 6.6.词语运用词语运用/词义辨析词义辨析III III 完形填空的解题四步骤完形填空的解题四步骤:1 1 速浏览通大意。速浏览通大意。2 2 扣大意做易题。扣大意做易题。3 3 仔细推敲攻难关。仔细推敲攻难关。4 4 复读全文纠失误。复读全文纠失误。35l1.1-5BADBC 6-10 ACADBl2.1-5CDBAC 6-10 ABACDl3.1-5CADBD 6-10 ABCCA36
