1、Unit 2Reading 知识点知识点1.(Line 10)First I am talking to you today aboutthe way vast areas of the world are damaged by chemical waste.the way 后的从句为：后的从句为：_定语从句定语从句定语从句中缺：定语从句中缺：_状语状语该句中该句中the way 后定语从句的引导词为：后定语从句的引导词为：_that/in which/省略省略2.(Line 13-14)Other types of waste flow into our water,killing rive
2、r and sea life.flow into：_流入流入killing river and sea life在句中作：在句中作：_结果状语结果状语现在分词作结果状语强调现在分词作结果状语强调“自然而然自然而然”的结果的结果3)lay -laid-laid-laying 1)lie -lied-lied-lying2)lie -lay-lain-lying(vi 撒谎撒谎)(vi 平躺，卧，位于平躺，卧，位于)(vt.产卵产卵/下蛋下蛋;放置放置/摆放摆放)区区别别3.(Line 15-16)These boats catch large numbers of fish without gi
3、ving them time to lay egg.请根据句子意思，用请根据句子意思，用lay或或lie的正确形式的正确形式填空。填空。1)Please _ the book where it _.2)The little boy _ that he _ the egg _ by the hen _ under the tree in the box.lay lay liedhad laidlaidlying4.(Line 16-17)This will result in a smaller number offish left for us to eat in the future.lef
4、t 在该句中为在该句中为：_过去式过去式left在句中作：在句中作：_定语定语意为：意为：(被被)剩下来的；剩下来的；(被被)留下来的留下来的过去分词过去分词(表被动表被动)相当于形容词，多作后置定语。相当于形容词，多作后置定语。翻译：翻译：大火过后，这里什么都没有留下来。大火过后，这里什么都没有留下来。After the big fire,there is nothing left.5.(Line 19-20)The worlds population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.1)1)population 作主语，作主语，指指“人
5、口人口”时时,谓语用谓语用单数单数；但：但：分数分数/百分数百分数+of the population作主语，谓语用作主语，谓语用复数复数。1)The population of the village _ （be）538.2)One third of the population here _ (be)workers.isare5.(Line 19-20)The worlds population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.2)2)grow by 增加了增加了=increase/rise/climb bygrow to 增加至增加至
6、 reduce/decrease by 减少了减少了反义词：反义词：to 减少至减少至5.(Line 19-20)The worlds population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.3)3)six times what it was in 1800 倍数倍数 +what 从句从句意为意为“是是的多少倍的多少倍”。例：这条路是四年前的三倍多长。例：这条路是四年前的三倍多长。The length of the road is _.more than three times what it was 4 years ago.倍数表达法常见的
7、有：倍数表达法常见的有：A是是B的多少倍的多少倍”。4)A倍数倍数what-从句，从句，1)A倍数形或副词的倍数形或副词的比较级比较级thanB.2)A倍数倍数as形或副词的形或副词的原级原级asB.3)A倍数倍数the size/height/length/width/weight等等ofB1)这辆小车的速度比那辆卡车快两倍。这辆小车的速度比那辆卡车快两倍。2)亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。3)这座山的高度是那座小山的四倍。这座山的高度是那座小山的四倍。The car runs twice faster than that truck.Asia is 4 times as
8、large as Europe This hill is 4 times the height of that small one.cut back oncut back on 意为意为“削减，缩减，减少削减，缩减，减少”。Theyve already cut back production by twenty percent.You have to cut back on spending.拓展拓展:a.切碎 b.插嘴 c.切断（电力、煤气、自来水等）d.剪下 e.使孤立f.砍倒The electricity was cut off because of the terrible storm
9、.They shouldnt have cut down those young trees.To make the dish,you should first cut up the vegetables into small pieces.He cut out an article about Liuxiang from the newspaper.The moment I began to speak,he cut in.The village was cut off by the heavy snow.c f a d b ewillingwilling是形容词，意为是形容词，意为“乐意的
10、，自愿的乐意的，自愿的”Are you willing that he should be admitted into our club?Are they willing workers for environmental protection?willingly，adv“乐意地乐意地”，“willingness”，n,“心甘情愿心甘情愿”，He gave up his seat to the old lady willingly.concern .vt.与有关，关系到，使有关，使担心 be concerned about sth.担心，忧虑 concern oneself about/wit
11、h sth.使自己关心 e.g.Dont _ yourself _other peoples affairs.别干涉他人的事。so/as far as sb./sth.be concerned 就-而言 拓展：concerned adj.忧虑的（前置定语、表语），concerning prep.关于e.g._ _忧虑的家长 a _ _ 忧虑的表情 _ your advice,I am thinking about it.Its a question _ _ _ 这是个关于他个人生活的问题。concern aboutconcerned parents concerned look Concern
12、ing.concerning his private lifetake into considerationtakeinto consideration “考虑到某事考虑到某事”We must take the weather into consideration first when climbing mountains.be under consideration “正在考虑中正在考虑中”When to begin the plan of exchange students is under consideration.leave.out of consideration “对对不加考虑不
13、加考虑”There is one important fact that has been left out of consideration.show consideration for “体谅体谅”He shows much consideration for his wife.in consideration of “考虑到考虑到，顾及，顾及”In consideration of his poor health,they decided to go on the journey without him.on no consideration“绝不绝不”On no considerati
14、on can you give up the plan.measure n.措施，方法，程度 vt.测量（长度，大小，重量等）The centimeter is a _ of length.厘米是长度的单位。The tailor _ me for a suit.裁缝量了我的尺寸好做西装。拓展:to ones own measure.按照某人的尺寸take measures to do sth.采取措施做 beyond measure 非常地，过度地 in large measure/in some measure 在很大/某种程度上 take ones measure 量的尺寸；判断的性格Th
15、ey took strong measures against dangerous drivers.The school has taken some measures to prevent cheating.measure measuredremain vi.剩余，遗留，停留 e.g.She _ _ _ _ her children.她留在家中照顾小孩。After the fire,_ _.火灾过后，所剩无几。link v.仍然是，保存=stay Although he was asked again and again,he _ _.虽被反复追问，他仍然保持缄默。拓展：remaining
16、adj.剩下的（常作前置定语）cf.left adj.剩下的（常作后置定语）remain to be done 留待以后再说e.g.It remains to be seen whether he will pass the test.remained at home to look afterlittle remainedremained silentprohibit sb.from doing sth.“用法律、规则等禁止某人用法律、规则等禁止某人做做”或或“事情妨碍某人事情妨碍某人”。Children are prohibited from buying cigarettes.The s
17、ale of this medicine is prohibited.His poor eyesight prohibited him from becoming a pilot.prevent/stop/keep sb.from doing sth.“妨碍、防妨碍、防止某人做某事止某人做某事”。其中。其中prevent和和stop词组里的词组里的from可省可省略。被动语态中，三个词组中的略。被动语态中，三个词组中的from都不能省略。如：都不能省略。如：Her sudden arrival prevented me(from)going out.The government has taken some measures to prevent the disease from spreading.
