1、Book 7 Unit 1 Gramm revision:The infinitive语法复习：动词不定式语法复习：动词不定式Warming up Demonstration My experience yesterday morning:I planned to go to my office at 7 oclock,but my alarm clock failed to work.Discussion in pairs:Whatre the differences between the preposition“to”and“to”in an infinitive?(both on fo
2、rms and meanings)Give two examples to show the differences?考情分析考情分析 动词不定式作为非谓语的一种形式，动词不定式作为非谓语的一种形式，在英语中被在英语中被 广泛应用。在语法填空和广泛应用。在语法填空和改错中是常考的考点，考察学生对使改错中是常考的考点，考察学生对使用动词不定式的句型掌握情况，以及用动词不定式的句型掌握情况，以及根据所作的不同成分使用不同的形式。根据所作的不同成分使用不同的形式。What are the voices and the tenses of infinitive?The tenses of infini
3、tive 一般式：一般式：to do sth 进行式：进行式：to be doing 完成式：完成式：to have been done The voices of infinitive active:to do sth passive:to be done to have been doneWhat form of an infinitive should be used in a sentence?不定式的时态的选择要根据它和主动不定式的时态的选择要根据它和主动作（常是句子的谓语动词）的关系，作（常是句子的谓语动词）的关系，和主动作同时或在主动作之后发生则和主动作同时或在主动作之后发生则用
4、一般式，在主动作之前发生用完成用一般式，在主动作之前发生用完成式。式。The engine just wont start.Something seems _(go)wrong with it.to have gone不定式的语态：逻辑主语 不定式语态语态的选择要根据它的逻辑主语，不定式作不同成分时，其逻辑主语也不同。作宾语，表语和状语时，逻辑主语是作宾语，表语和状语时，逻辑主语是句子的主语。句子的主语。作宾补时，是句子的宾语。作宾补时，是句子的宾语。作定语时，是所修饰的中心词。作定语时，是所修饰的中心词。Henry cant attend the party _(hold)at Toms h
5、ouse at present because he is preparing the speech at the party _(hold)at Maries house tomorrow.being heldto be heldWhere can an infinitive be used in a sentence?It can be used as:subject,object,Predicative，attributive,adverbial object complement.不定式的含义和用法To see him is not easy this time.Climbing mo
6、untains is very interesting.1.作主语作主语to do doing不定式做主语一般表示具不定式做主语一般表示具体的体的,将来的将来的,有意识的动有意识的动作作.动名词做主语表示抽象的动名词做主语表示抽象的,无意无意识的识的,习惯性的倾向习惯性的倾向.形式主语 it 当做主语的不定式或主语从句太长时，我们常常用形式主语it,而把真正的主语放在后面。It is of great significance to read and write English often.It is a pity that he should be so rude to a lady.必背必
7、背动词动词-ing形式作主语的几个形式作主语的几个常用句型常用句型 It is no gooduse talking to him.It is useless arguing about it.It is worth reading the book.There is no saying when it will stop raining.There is no joking about such matters.1).有些动词只能用动词不定式做宾语有些动词只能用动词不定式做宾语.如如:hope,want，decide,agree,promise,manage,learn ask,expect
8、,decide,pretend,refuse，would like,等。等。疑问词加动词不定式也可作宾语疑问词加动词不定式也可作宾语I dont know what to do next.Do you have an idea on where to hold the meeting?2.作宾语2).有些动词只能用动名词做宾语有些动词只能用动名词做宾语.如如:mind,enjoy,keep,avoid,resist,risk excuse,admit,appreciate,delay,dislike,mention,finish,fancy,escape,practise,suggest,ad
9、vise,consider,miss,include,imagine等等Eg.We should forbid _（sell）wine to childrenselling 3).有些动词既能用动词不定式又能用动名词有些动词既能用动词不定式又能用动名词做宾语做宾语.如如start,stop,go on,forget,remember,regret,mean等等Dont forget to lock the door when you leave the house?Oh,my god!I forgot taking my purse with me.4)need,want,require,de
10、serve,demand后后跟动名词的主动形式表示被动意义跟动名词的主动形式表示被动意义The desk needs to be repairedrepairingwants/requires 句型：句型：think/feel/consider/find/make等等+it+n/adj+to do sth/object clause Do you think it beneficial to do more exercise after supper?Our teacher makes it a rule to speak English in class every day.5）形式宾语it
11、的用法3.3.作表语作表语What I want is to learn from others.His favorite sport is playing basketball.He is disappointed.动词不定式和动名词做表语的动词不定式和动名词做表语的区别与做主语时一样。区别与做主语时一样。(2)做表语的不定式有时可以省略符号做表语的不定式有时可以省略符号“to”这时在主语部分必须含有动词这时在主语部分必须含有动词do,而做表而做表语的不定式是解释语的不定式是解释do的含义的含义;且这个且这个to也可以不省略也可以不省略.All I did was(to)give him a
12、 little push.我只是稍稍推了他一下我只是稍稍推了他一下.What we want to do now is(to)lie down and rest.The library_next year will be good._last year was good._ at present is good.to be builtbuiltbeing built4.做定语做定语5.作状语作状语动词不定式可以作目的，原因和结果状语动词不定式可以作目的，原因和结果状语My father will come to see you.目的状语(=in order to/so as to)Glad t
13、o see you原因状语He hurried to the airport only to find that the plane had left 结果状语动词不定式在某些形容词后动词不定式在某些形容词后(如如good,sorry,pleased等等)作原因状作原因状语语.(也有人认为是宾语也有人认为是宾语)I feel glad to hear the news.分词作状语表示时间，原因，让步，结果，分词作状语表示时间，原因，让步，结果，方式和伴随情况。其逻辑主语须与句子主语方式和伴随情况。其逻辑主语须与句子主语一致。主动用一致。主动用doing，被动用，被动用doneBeing bus
14、y,he couldnt go with us.原因The teacher entered the classroom,followed by two students.方式He went out,leaving his homework half done.结果Given more attention,the trees could have grown better.条件6.作补语作补语比较to do,doing 和done He asked me to do the work with him.I saw him going away.I saw a boat tied to a big
15、 tree.They were very excited to see the baby tiger _ by the mother dog.Atake good care of Btaking little care of Ctaken good care of Dto take some care of在在request,ask,tell,expect,force,invite等后等后面作宾语时，常只使用面作宾语时，常只使用to，避免重复，避免重复He didnt come,though we wanted him to.To的省略的省略 谓语动词为谓语动词为see,watch,look
16、at,observe,notice,hear,listen to,feel等后接不定式等后接不定式作宾补时，不定式符号作宾补时，不定式符号to省去，但句子变省去，但句子变被动语态时，被动语态时，to不省略。不省略。We saw her _(enter)the teachers office.She was seen _(enter)the teachers office.enterto enterMaking sentences:不定式主动形式表示被动含义不定式主动形式表示被动含义Have you got a key to unlock the room.(定语)He needs a room
17、 to live in.(定语）He is hard to talk to.(状语)There is a lot of work to do.（定语或主语补足语）语法填空或改错1.It is an honor for me _ (stand)here to give you some advice on how to prepare for the coming examination.2.These clubs give you the opportunity _(play)a sport you love or learn a sport that is new to you.3.You
18、begin to understand how Chinese people have their thoughts _(organize)and how they understand things.4.My task is get the rest of us to finish the remaining part of the project.toto standto playorganized What university do you want to go to?Whats your plan for the coming summer vocation?Where do your parents expect you travel?Try to use more infinitives in your dialogue.
