1、Unit 1 ReadingUnit 1 ReadingFESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS汉语是我们的母语，我们从学英语开始，汉语是我们的母语，我们从学英语开始，就是用汉语来解释和记忆英语的。变就是用汉语来解释和记忆英语的。变“用汉语解释和记忆英语用汉语解释和记忆英语”为为“用英语用英语解释和记忆英语解释和记忆英语”。避免了将英语转换。避免了将英语转换为另一种语言为另一种语言汉语所带来的不便和汉语所带来的不便和时间耗费。不但提高了效率，而且久而时间耗费。不但提高了效率，而且久而久之，有可能在头脑中建立起两种思维久之，有可能在头脑中建立起两种思维系统，即在在汉语思维之外，还可以
2、逐系统，即在在汉语思维之外，还可以逐步建立起独立的英语思维系统。步建立起独立的英语思维系统。用英语解释和记忆英语，本身就是在学习用英语解释和记忆英语，本身就是在学习和运用英语，对提高英语语感和英语的阅和运用英语，对提高英语语感和英语的阅读理解能力和综合运用能力很有好处。是读理解能力和综合运用能力很有好处。是一举多得的好方法。真正做到了用英语品一举多得的好方法。真正做到了用英语品味英语，越品越有味；用英语理解英语，味英语，越品越有味；用英语理解英语，理解更准确。鉴于本环节初次尝试此种设理解更准确。鉴于本环节初次尝试此种设置，可能有些学生对英语解释不能完全理置，可能有些学生对英语解释不能完全理解，
3、为降低难度，英文解释后面可进一步解，为降低难度，英文解释后面可进一步演示中文解释，学生可再通过中文解释回演示中文解释，学生可再通过中文解释回顾早读课中已预习过的单词，进一步加深顾早读课中已预习过的单词，进一步加深记忆。记忆。Read the explanation and speak out the word it explains.a person related to you who lived a long time ago starvevi.&vt.(使）饿死；饿得要死使）饿死；饿得要死to(cause to)become very weak or die because there
4、is not enough food to eat ancestorn.祖先；祖宗祖先；祖宗 trickn.诡计；恶作剧；窍门诡计；恶作剧；窍门vt.欺骗；诈骗欺骗；诈骗an action which is intended to deceive,either as a way of cheating someone,or as a joke or form of entertainment poeta person who writes poems n.诗人诗人a special social event,such as a party,when you celebrate somethin
5、g,or the act of celebrating something to get something that is useful,that gives you an advantageindependenceadj.独立的；自主的独立的；自主的n.独立；自主独立；自主independentthe ability to live your life without being helped or influenced by other people religiousadj.宗教上的；虔诚的宗教上的；虔诚的relating to religion celebrationn.庆祝；祝贺庆
6、祝；祝贺 gainvt.获得；得到获得；得到the feeling of being certain that something exists or is true beliefn.信任；信心；信仰信任；信心；信仰agriculturen.农业；农艺；农学农业；农艺；农学feastn.节日；盛宴节日；盛宴agriculturaladj.农业的；农艺的农业的；农艺的farming energeticadj.充满活力的；积极的充满活力的；积极的having or involving a lot of energy a day on which a religious event or perso
7、n is remembered and celebrated originn.起源；由来；起因起源；由来；起因the beginning or cause of something gathervt.&vi.&n.搜集；聚集搜集；聚集 customn.习惯；风俗习惯；风俗 admirevt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕赞美；钦佩；羡慕to collect several things,often from different places or people a way of behaving or a belief which has been established for a long time t
8、o respect and approve of someone or their behaviour,or to find someone or something attractive and pleasant to look at a Christian religious holiday to celebrate Jesus Christs return to life after he was killed a person or an animal that hunts animals for food or for sport awardn.奖；奖品奖；奖品 vt.授予；判定授予
9、；判定hunterChristiann.猎人猎人n.基督徒；信徒基督徒；信徒adj.基督教的；信基督教的基督教的；信基督教的Eastern.（耶稣）复活节（耶稣）复活节a prize or a sum of money that is given to someone following an official decision someone who believes in and follows the teachings of Jesus Christ in memory of dress up play a trick on look forward to day and night
10、as though have fun with期盼；期待；盼望期盼；期待；盼望搞恶作剧；开玩笑搞恶作剧；开玩笑 纪念；追念纪念；追念盛装；打扮；装饰盛装；打扮；装饰好像好像玩得开心玩得开心日夜；昼夜；整天日夜；昼夜；整天MatchSkimming to get general ideasReading Tips在阅读每个段落时，要注在阅读每个段落时，要注意综合运用意综合运用略读略读(skimming)与与扫读扫读(scanning)这两种方这两种方法。法。略读略读(skimming)只看文章标题、下标只看文章标题、下标题以及每个部分或者段落第一行题以及每个部分或者段落第一行,关注文关注文章中反
11、复出现的关键词。章中反复出现的关键词。略读时略读时,要用充足的时间读懂段落的要用充足的时间读懂段落的第一句和第二句第一句和第二句,因为第一句往往是该段因为第一句往往是该段的主题句的主题句(topic sentence),而第二句往往而第二句往往是对前句的延伸是对前句的延伸(extension)或进一步的或进一步的解释解释(explanation)。通过略读把握文章大意通过略读把握文章大意 运用扫读运用扫读(scanning)迅速浏览从第三迅速浏览从第三句开始句开始的后面部分的后面部分,搜寻作者对开头两句搜寻作者对开头两句的支持句的支持句(supporting sentences),并同时注并同
12、时注意文章中间是否有转折意文章中间是否有转折(transition),因为因为这些词常常会把文章的思路逆转或加入其这些词常常会把文章的思路逆转或加入其它重要的信息。它重要的信息。当读到段落的最后一句时当读到段落的最后一句时,我们又要使用略读我们又要使用略读,这时必须再次放慢速这时必须再次放慢速度度(slow down your pace)直到完全消化作直到完全消化作者对段落的小结者对段落的小结(conclusion),因为该小结因为该小结有可能与主题句截然相反或引导读者进入有可能与主题句截然相反或引导读者进入下一个段落。下一个段落。通过扫读寻找特定信息或特定词组通过扫读寻找特定信息或特定词组S
13、kimmingReading Comprehension I1.How many kinds of todays festivals are mentioned in the passage?A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.D.Six.2.The beginning of festivals of the dead is related to _.A.religion B.seasons C.special people D.hunting Scanning to get detail information1.The ancient people neednt worry abo
14、ut their food.2.Halloween is a festival intended to honour the dead.3.To honor the great poet Qu Yuan,people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival.4.Mid-Autumn Festival is held to celebrate the end of autumn.5.Easter celebrates the birth of Jesus.T or FscanningReading Comprehension II1.Which of the fol
15、lowing are not mentioned in the passage?A.Carnival and Columbus Day.B.Halloween and Spring Festivals.C.Thanksgiving Festivals and Obon.D.Valentines Day and Fools Day.2.At festivals people can do all the following except _.A.forget their work for a little while B.enjoy life C.travel around the world
16、D.be proud of their customs scanningReading Comprehension IIIKinds of FestivalsNames of FestivalsCountriesFestivals ofthe DeadFestivals to Honour PeopleHarvest FestivalsSpring FestivalsFill in the following chart.scanningReading Comprehension IVFestivalsNames of FestivalsCountriesFestivals of the De
17、adObonDay of the Dead HalloweenJapanMexicosome Western countriesFestivals to Honour PeopleDragon Boat Festival Columbus Dayfestival to honor GandhiChinaUSAIndiaHarvest Festivals harvest/Thanksgiving festivalsmid-autumn festivalsEuropean and other countriesChina and JapanSpring FestivalsSpring Festiv
18、alEaster and related holidays Cherry Blossom FestivalChinasome Western countries JapanDetailed ReadingAncient FestivalsFestivals Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of the _ _,planting in _ and harvest in _.Todays festivals have many _,some _,some seasonal and somefor special _ or _.event
19、scold weather spring autumn origins religious peopleHow do Japanese honour their ancestors?They have a festival called Obon,when people should go to clean the graves and light incense to honour their ancestors.They light lamps and play music.Festivals of the DeadFestivals of the DeadObonObon in Japa
20、n in JapanWhat do people in Mexico do in memory of the dead?They offer food,flowers and gifts to the dead on the Day of the Dead.People eat certain food on that day.The Day of the Dead in MexicoThe Day of the Dead in MexicoWhat do people in Western countries do in memory of the dead?They used to bel
21、ieve in the return of the spirits of dead people.It is now a childrens festival,when they dress as witches and ghosts and go to their neighbours homes to ask for sweets.pumpkin headpumpkin headHalloween in Western countriesHalloween in Western countriesmaskmaskCompare the festivals of the dead in Me
22、xico,Japan and China.What things are similar and what things are different?The Chinese,Japanese and Mexican festivals of the dead all have customs to honour the dead.The Chinese and Japanese go to clean their ancestors graves,and the Mexicans offer food,flowers and gifts to the dead.However,there ar
23、e some differences.The Mexicans eat special food that looks like bones,something the Chinese and Japanese do not do.Festivals to HonourFestivals to Honour People PeopleMatch the festivals with the proper people.Columbus DayNational Festival on October 2The Dragon Boat FestivalChinaIndiaUSAHarvest Fe
24、stivalsHarvest FestivalsPeople will _ on Thanksgiving festivals.1.2.3.decorate churches and town hallsget together to have mealswin awards for their farm produceCompared with Thanksgiving festivals in Western countries,what different activitiesdo China and Japan have in mid-autumnfestivals?People ad
25、mire the moon and in China,enjoy mooncakes.Spring FestivalsSpring FestivalsWhat do people usually do at spring festivals?At spring festivals,people usually have dances,carnivals and other activities to celebrate the end of winter and the coming of spring.What does Easter celebrate?Do you know the sy
26、mbols of Easter?It celebrates the return of Jesus from the dead and the coming of spring and new life.Easter eggs and Easter Bunnies.Do you know the date of Japans Cherry Blossom Festival?March 15-April 15QuizQuizI.Retell the text by filling the following blanks.There are all kinds of festivals and
27、_ around the world,which are held for different reasons.The _ _ were mainly held at three times a year.Some festivals are held to _ the dead or satisfy the _ in case they might return either to help or to _ _,while other festivals are held to honor famous people or the gods,such as_ _ _ and Columbus
28、 Day.Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals are happy events because the food is _ for the winter and the _work is over.And the most _ and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the _ of spring,such as the _ New Year,at which people have a very good time.Some West
29、ern countries have very exciting _.Festivals let us enjoy _.There are all kinds of festivals and _ around the world,which are held for different reasons.The _ _ were mainly held at three times a year.Some festivals are held to _ the dead or satisfy the _ in case they might return either to help or t
30、o _ _,while other festivals are held to honor famous people or the gods,such ascelebrationsharmdoancestorshonorfestivalsancientAnswer:_ _ _ and Columbus Day.Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals are happy events because the food is _ for the winter and the _work is over.And the most _ and important fes
31、tivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the _ of spring,such as the _ New Year,at which people have a very good time.Some Western countries have very exciting _.Festivals let us enjoy _.agriculturalgatheredLunarcomingDragon Boat FestivalenergeticcarnivalslifeII.Complete the
32、 following sentences with proper words.1.Dont send the man any money it might be a _(诡计诡计).2.I _(钦佩钦佩)the young man for his success in business.3.Each morning,a group of elderly women _(聚集聚集)at the park singing songs.4.Many of his ideas have g_ popular support.5.“I think Id like something less e_,”s
33、aid the old man.trickadmire(d)gatherainednergetic6.The timely _(arrive)of the teacher prevented the situation from becoming worse.7.It is my _(believe)that we will find a cure for cancer in the next ten years.8.A wedding is an occasion for c_.9.She has been _(award)a scholarship to study at Harvard.
34、10.We _(钦佩钦佩)him for his righteousness(正直正直).beliefarrivalelebrationawardedadmireIII.Translation.1.At that time _(人们就人们就 会挨饿会挨饿)if food was difficult to find,especially during the cold winter months.2.For the Japanese festival Obon,_ _(人们要扫墓人们要扫墓)and light incense _(纪念纪念)their ancestors.3.At the Spr
35、ing Festival in China,people eat dumplings,fish and meat and may _ _(给孩子们压岁钱给孩子们压岁钱).people would starveshould go to clean gravespeoplegivechildren lucky moneyin memory of4.Several days later,the rich man _ _(决定去捉弄决定去捉弄)Avanty.5.The girls all _ (打扮好去参加打扮好去参加)the New Years party.6.My mother nursed me
36、 _ _(三天三夜三天三夜).7.He likes to talk big _ _(就仿佛他是一位要人就仿佛他是一位要人 似的似的).8.We _ (期待着春天的到来期待着春天的到来).to play a trick ondressed up to take part indecidedday and night forthree daysimportant personas though he was anlook forward to the return of spring religious,in memory of,belief,custom,look forward to,admi
37、re,as though,celebration,play a trick on,ancestor,award,dress up.Homework1.Read the passage again and review the new words and expressions.2.发挥想象，连词成文发挥想象，连词成文(50-100字字).Words and expressions1.mean mean sb to do sth 有让某人做某事的意思有让某人做某事的意思 be meant to do sth 意在做。应该做。意在做。应该做。I never meant him to work fo
38、r us.我从来没有让他为我们工作的意思我从来没有让他为我们工作的意思 mean to do sth 打算做某事打算做某事 meant to have done sth 本打算做某事本打算做某事 mean doing 意味着。意味着。2。动词不定式做补语，用主动表被动。动词不定式做补语，用主动表被动 n+be+adj+to do(vt)n+be+adj+to do+prep(vi)The problem is hard to solve.The work is impossible to finish next month.Tom is pleasant to work with.常见的用主动
39、形式表示被动意义的形式常见的用主动形式表示被动意义的形式（1）句中主语和动词不定式之间有逻辑上的主句中主语和动词不定式之间有逻辑上的主谓关系，且不定式和被修饰词之间存在逻辑上谓关系，且不定式和被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系时：（不定式做定语）的动宾关系时：（不定式做定语）I have masses of work to do.She gave me a pen to write with.但主语和不定式之间不存在主谓关系时，不定式但主语和不定式之间不存在主谓关系时，不定式用被动式用被动式-Im going to do some shopping,do you have anything to
40、 be bought.-No,thanks a lot.(2)Need/want/require doing sth to be done(3)某些可用来表示主语内在某些可用来表示主语内在“品质品质”或或“性能性能”的及物动词，如：的及物动词，如：lock,shut,wash,sell,print 等，转化为不及物动词，且与副词连用，并多等，转化为不及物动词，且与副词连用，并多用于否定句中，可用主动形式表示被动意义用于否定句中，可用主动形式表示被动意义 The door wont shut.这扇门关不上这扇门关不上 The food sells well.这种食物很畅消这种食物很畅消3。in
41、the shape of“以。的形状以。的形状”在句中作在句中作表语，状语，补足语或后置定语表语，状语，补足语或后置定语 The little cake is in the shape of a panda.The little boy likes to eat bread in the shape of a little bird.4.be covered with 被。覆盖。被。覆盖。The furniture was covered with dust.be filled with 装满装满 be crowded with 挤满挤满 be occupied with 被。占据（从事）被。占据（从事）be armed with 装备着。装备着。be dotted with 点缀着。点缀着。
