1、 宾语从句宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语从句在全句中作宾语。主语主语谓语谓语宾宾 语语 We know Mr Green teaches English.变宾语从句须注变宾语从句须注意意都有引导词都有引导词语序正
2、常语序正常时态对应时态对应由从属连词由从属连词thatthat引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which，what 和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句由从属连词由从属连词 whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句注注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略e.g.1.I hear _ he will be back in an hour.2.He said_ he missed us very much.3.The teacher told us _ the earth moves ar
3、ound the sun.(that)(that)(that)（一小时后他会回来）（他非常想念我们）（地球围着太阳转）由连接代词what,whom,whose,which,what及连接副词 when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句1.He asked _could answer the question.2.Do you know_they are waiting for.3.He asked _ handwriting was the best in the class.4.Please tell me _well have a meeting.5.Can you tell me
4、 _he is.6.Could you tell me _I can get to the station.7.Would you tell me _ the train is late?whom whose when where how why who（谁的书法是班上最好的）（谁能回答这个问题）（我们什么时候开会）（他在哪儿）（我该怎么去车站）（为什么火车迟到了）（他们在等谁）由从属连词由从属连词whether,if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句e.g.1.I want to know _he will go to the park with us.2.Ask him _he can com
5、e.3.I dont know _ it is going to rain or not.if /whether whether /if whether当句末为当句末为or not时，引导词只能用时，引导词只能用whether而不能用而不能用if.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）（他是否能来）（是否要下雨）If 与whether 的区别1.I dont know _ he will come or not.2.I dont care of _ he is handsome.3.He wondered _ to stay here the next week.4._ he will come is n
6、ot decided.5.He asked me _I hadnt finish my homework.6.We discussed_we would have a sports meeting next week.与与or not 连用只能用连用只能用whether介词后只能用介词后只能用whether与与to do 不定式连用只能用不定式连用只能用whether作主语只能用作主语只能用whetherwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherifwhether在动词在动词discuss后的宾语从句中只能用后的宾语从句中只能用whether引导否定概念的宾语从句时只能用引导否定
7、概念的宾语从句时只能用ifI hear(that)he is interesed in English.she will come tomorrow.Jim arrived in Lanzhou yesterday.Tom has been to Lanzhou twice.I heard(that)he was interesed in English.she would come the next day.Jim had arrived in lanzhou the day before.Tom had been to Lanzhou twice.he was watching TV th
8、en.he is watching TV now.确定从句的时态确定从句的时态(根据主句时态根据主句时态)主句时态主句时态从从 句句 时时 态态连连 接接 前前连连 接接 后后一般现在时一般现在时时态保持不变时态保持不变一般过去时一般过去时时时一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时过去完成时一般将来时一般将来时过去将来时过去将来时现在进行时现在进行时过去进行时过去进行时现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时将下列句子合并为一句将下列句子合并为一句:1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.2.What will you s
9、ay at the meeting?Could you tell me?3.Do they like to make friends with us?He asked.4.“When will he come back?”Tom asked.5.“Why is the train late?”Would you tell me?I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me what you will sayat the meeting?He asked if they liked to make friends with the
10、m.Tom asked when he would come back.Would you tell me why the train is late?（宾语从句用陈述语序）（宾语从句用陈述语序）宾语从句转化为简单句宾语从句转化为简单句1)I dont know what I shall do next.I dont know _next.2)John didnt decide which shirt he would buy.John didnt decide _.what to dowhich shirt to buy1.当主从句的主语一致时当主从句的主语一致时 1)Can you tel
11、l me how I can get to the police station?Can you tell me _ the police station?2)Please show me how I should start the recorder.Please show me _ the recorder.how to get tohow to start2.当主句的谓语含有双宾语时，如果间当主句的谓语含有双宾语时，如果间宾与从句（直宾）中的主语一致时宾与从句（直宾）中的主语一致时:I _(not think)its going to rain.I _(not believe)she w
12、ill lend you the money.dont thinkdont believe 但是，如果主句中的谓语动词是但是，如果主句中的谓语动词是 hope，则不适用于此规则。，则不适用于此规则。e.g 注意注意 一般而言，宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的否定式是一一般而言，宾语从句的否定式与一般句子的否定式是一样的。但若主句谓语动词是样的。但若主句谓语动词是 think、expect、believe、guess、imagine、suppose等表示等表示“认为，猜想认为，猜想”的心里活的心里活动的词时，一般要把宾语从句中的否定式转移到主句中，即动的词时，一般要把宾语从句中的否定式转移到主句中，
13、即否定提前否定提前宾语从句的否定形式宾语从句的否定形式：I_ he _come .我希望他别来。我希望他别来。hopewont中考链接一：中考链接一：考查引导宾语从句的连接词考查引导宾语从句的连接词()1.Theres a red car parking in our neighborhood.Do you know_it is?A What B who C Whose D whom()2.Im wondering_ Liu Xiang will have time to _ the meeting.A whether,attend B that,attend C whether,appear
14、 D that,appear()3.Can you tell me_it is from here to the Summer Palace?Let me see.Its about fifteen minutes ride.A how long B how soon C how far D how muchCAC解题方法解题方法：先分析从句，看是否缺少成分，先分析从句，看是否缺少成分，然后根据句子的意思和连接词在从句中的然后根据句子的意思和连接词在从句中的作用作出选择作用作出选择高分秘籍中考链接二：中考链接二：考查宾语从句的时态考查宾语从句的时态（）1.Where is Tom?Do you
15、 know?-I think he_ to the library.A has gone B goes C has been D went()2.Tom said he _ back in a week.A will come B would come C come()3.I dont know if it _ tomorrow.If it_,Ill stay at home.A will rain,rains B rains,will rain C will rain,will rain D rains,rainsABA高分秘籍高分秘籍解题方法：解题方法：1.主句用一般现在时，宾语从句可以根
16、据实主句用一般现在时，宾语从句可以根据实 际情况选用各种时态。际情况选用各种时态。2.主句用一般过去时，宾语从句要用与之相主句用一般过去时，宾语从句要用与之相 对应的过去时态。对应的过去时态。（从句表示客观真理、从句表示客观真理、自然现象时除外自然现象时除外）中考链接三中考链接三：考查宾语从句的语序考查宾语从句的语序(时态，连词，语序同时考查）时态，连词，语序同时考查）n.()1.He asked me_.A.if she will come B.how many books I want to have C.They would help us do it D.what was wrong
17、with me()2.-The summer holiday is coming.Have you decided_?-Im planning to go Hawaii,the most wonderful place for water sports.A.when youre going to enjoy it B.how often are you going to enjoy it C.where youre going to enjoy itDC高分秘籍高分秘籍解题方法解题方法：一律为陈述句语序一律为陈述句语序注意：当从句的原句为以下句子以及注意：当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,w
18、howhat,who作主作主语时，语序不变：语时，语序不变：Whats wrong?Whats the matter?Whats wrong?Whats the matter?Whats happening?What Whats happening?What happeneedhappeneed?eg:Ieg:I dont know whats the matter.dont know whats the matter.Can you tell me who is over there?Can you tell me who is over there?请根据此网页上的这短视频写一篇英语短文：
19、（尽可能用宾语从句）你相信人类在未来能够居住在火星上吗？科学家们正尽力让这个梦变为现实。科学家们还不肯定能否在火星上生长植物。科学家们还认为对首批定居者来说重力也是一个重要问题。而且一致认为到火星上的旅行是不舒服的。Finish the composition.1.The radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow.(be)2.The headmaster hopes everything _ well.(go)3.Tom says that they _(play)basketball at six oclock yesterday evening.4.I hear th
20、ey _(return)it already.5.He said that they _ members of the Party since 1948.(be)6.He asked what they _ at eight last night.(do)7.The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound.(travel)8.I think you _ about the relay race now.(talk)9.I didnt know whom the letters _ from.(be)will be goes w
21、ere playing has returned had been travels are talking were were doing10.I didnt know what time he _ the letter.(write)11.Miss Wang told me that the earth _(move)round the earth.12.Could you tell me who _ away the book already?(take)13.Ling Feng told me he _ to several times.(be)14.Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east.(rise)15.Can you tell me what they _ yesterday?(do)wrote moves has taken has been risesdid
