1、What are they?返校前学生注意事项an exchange studentan exchange studentso deliciousso deliciousvery fastvery fast一个交换生一个交换生如此美味如此美味非常迅速非常迅速phrasesDiffernt Kinds of Phrases返校前学生注意事项Noun Phrase（NP）word group with a noun as its head wordphraseAdjective Phrase（AdjP）word group with an adjec-tive as its head wordAd
2、verb Phrase（AdvP）word group with an adverb as its head word1.1.名词短语名词短语 名词短语是以一个名词为中心构成的短语，语法功能相名词短语是以一个名词为中心构成的短语，语法功能相当于名词。名词短语比起单个名词表述得更加具体、形象。当于名词。名词短语比起单个名词表述得更加具体、形象。名词短语名词短语结构结构 (1)冠词冠词+形容词形容词+名词名词 a long history 一段悠久的历史 (2)冠词冠词+名词名词+介词介词+名词名词 a glass of water一杯水 (3)名词所有格名词所有格+名词名词 todays new
3、spaper 今天的报纸 常见结构常见结构名词短语结构名词短语结构(4)名词名词+to/with/for介词短语介词短语 the way to success 成功之道 a house with a big yard 带大院子的房子 books for children 儿童读物(5)名词作定语的名词短语名词作定语的名词短语railway station 火车站 shoe factory 鞋厂 flower shop 花店常见结构常见结构名词短语名词短语语法功能语法功能返校前学生注意事项(1)(1)名词短语作主语名词短语作主语(谓语动词的单复数一般与名词短语的中心词保持一致)This kind
4、 of dress was popular in the 1980s.The girls shoes were covered with mud.(2)(2)名词短语作宾语名词短语作宾语I want to have a trip to Europe.(3)(3)名词短语作表语名词短语作表语This is an exciting experience which will never be forgotten.大声朗读，注意画线名词短语，并思考其所作句子成分。(1)These ideas may seem strange to you.作_(2)We love our great motherl
5、and very much.作_(3)I have three close friends.作_(4)He is my best friend.作_(5)We elected him monitor of our class.作_ 主语宾语表语宾语宾语补足语自我提升自我提升 2.2.形容词短语形容词短语 形容词短语是由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构形容词短语是由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成的短语。成的短语。形容词短语形容词短语结构结构(1)两个或多个形容词可以由两个或多个形容词可以由and，but等连词连接等连词连接safe and sound 安然无恙 thirsty and hungr
6、y又渴又饿young but clever 年纪小但聪明 tired but happy 累但快乐(2)very等程度副词作修饰语时，可与形容词构成形容词短等程度副词作修饰语时，可与形容词构成形容词短语，以加深形容词的程度。语，以加深形容词的程度。very hot 非常热 long enough 足够长 lazy 极其懒惰常见结构常见结构形容词短语形容词短语语法功能语法功能返校前学生注意事项(1)形容词短语作表语形容词短语作表语The bridge is long and wide.(2)形容词短语作定语形容词短语作定语You have a small but beautiful room.(
7、3)形容词短语作宾语补足语形容词短语作宾语补足语Exercise can make you healthy and energetic.(4)形容词短语作状语形容词短语作状语He spent seven days in the wind and snow,cold and hungry.大声朗读，注意画线形容词短语，并思考其所作句子成分。(1)The air today is nice and clean.作_(2)The children over there are my cousins.作_(3)He found the film very interesting.作_(4)This i
8、s a subject worthy of careful study.作_（5）He,sad and tired,slept all day.作_ _表语定语宾语补足语 定语状语自我提升自我提升 3.副词短语副词短语 副词短语是由几个副词或副词及其修饰语构成的副词短语是由几个副词或副词及其修饰语构成的短语。短语。副词短语副词短语结构结构(1)两个或多个副词可以由两个或多个副词可以由and,but等连词连接等连词连接again and again一遍又一遍 quickly and correctly快速且准确(2)very等程度副词作修饰语时，可与其他副词构成副词短语。等程度副词作修饰语时，可
9、与其他副词构成副词短语。extremely fast 快极了 quite well 相当好clearly enough 足够清楚常见结构常见结构副词短语副词短语语法功能语法功能返校前学生注意事项副词短语在句中主要作状语，修饰动词、副词短语在句中主要作状语，修饰动词、形容词或句子。形容词或句子。I warned him again and again.我一再警告他。Dont talk so loudly.别那么大声说话。大声朗读，注意画线副词短语，并思考其所作句子成分。(1)He ran very quickly yesterday.修饰_作_(2)I am much too pleased t
10、o see you.修饰_作_(3)She plays well enough as a beginner.修饰_作_(4)He worked much more carefully on the new design.修饰_作_动词状语形容词 状语动词状语副词状语自我提升自我提升 Find and mark the phrases in the sentences that fit the categories below.Then state their functions.Activity 1Improve a draftNoun Phrase（NP）word group with a
11、noun as its head wordAdjective Phrase（AdjP）word group with an adjec-tive as its head wordAdverb Phrase（AdvP）word group with an adverb as its head wordExample:1The first week was a little confusing.NP AdjPFind and mark the phrases in the sentences that fit the categories below.Then state their functi
12、ons.Activity 1Improve a draft2 The building is so big that Im completely lost.3 The kids over there are putting something on a round paper plate.4 Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly，and she can do well in the debate.5 The new coach told me that I didnt play well enough.6 My first French class was
13、 very confusing.The teacher spoke so fast!NPAdjPAdjPNPNPAdvP NPNPAdvPNPAdjPNPAdvPAnswer the questions using the phrases in brackets.Activity 21How soon do you think youll finish your homework?（pretty soon）Ill finish my homework pretty soon.AdvP2What do you think of your new teachers?（very nice and p
14、atient）My new teachers are very nice and patient.AdjP3How many clubs have you joined this year?（two clubs）I have joined two clubs this year.NP4How well does Rita play the violin?We need a new violinist in our music club.（quite well）Rita plays the violin quite well.AdvP5 What did your adviser say abo
15、ut the advanced literature course?（too difficult but very interesting）My adviser said that the advanced literature course was too difficult but very interesting.AdjPJoyce has just written a draft.Help her improve it by using noun/adjective/adverb phrases to add more information.Activity 3Cheerleader
16、 Try-outsIve always wanted to be a cheerleader.Yesterday，I tried out for the team.It was hard.First，we had to dance.The teacher showed us how to move，and then we tried.Second，we practised singing a song about the school basketball team.Finally，some girls had to lift their partners.The other girls ju
17、mped and cheered.I think I did well，but the other girls were better.Im not sure if Ill make the team or not.Ive always wanted to be a high school cheerleader.Yesterday，I tried out for my schools cheerleading team.It was really hard.First，.Joyce has just written a draft.Help her improve it by using n
18、oun/adjective/adverb phrases to add more information.Activity 3One possible version:Ive always wanted to be a high school cheerleader.Yesterday，I tried out for my schools cheerleading team.It was really hard.First，we had to dance up and down around the basketball court for 20 minutes.The teacher sho
19、wed us how to move，and then we tried very hard.Second，we practised singing a short fight song about the school basketball team.Finally，some of the stronger girls had to lift their partners.The other girls jumped very high and cheered so loudly.I think I did quite well in the try-out，but many of the other girls were even better.Im not so sure whether Ill make the cheerleading team this year or not.
