1、 1.refer to sb/sth 1）谈及，提到）谈及，提到,把把称为称为 He always refers to the house as hisrefuge.Dont refer to this matter again,please!2）涉及，与涉及，与有关有关(concern sb/sth)What I have to say refers to all of you.3）参考，参阅参考，参阅 He cooked dinner by referring to a cookbook.1.(06 天津)Most of us know we should cut down on fat,
2、but knowing such things isnt much help when it_shopping and eating.A.refers to B.speaks of C.focuses on D.comes to2.(05浙江)The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without _his notes.A.bringing up B.referring to C.looking for D.trying on2.operate v.施手术；操作，施手术；操作，运转；运转；operation
3、n.归纳：归纳：operate on sb for sth.为某事给某人动手术为某事给某人动手术 =perform an operation on sb.be in operation 运转着，实施中运转着，实施中 come into operation 生效生效 put into operation 使使生效生效3.honour (1)v尊敬，给尊敬，给荣誉荣誉honour sb with sthbefeel honoured (to do)/that We would be honoured if you visit usWe are most honoured that you have
4、 spared time to meet with us honourable adj.光荣的光荣的;可敬的可敬的;高尚的高尚的 an honourable person/deedhonourably adv.(2)n敬意；荣誉，光荣敬意；荣誉，光荣作可数名词时，多用单数表示作可数名词时，多用单数表示”引起尊敬的人或事引起尊敬的人或事”l.The athletes competed for the honour of their country.2.She is an honour to our schoo1do sbthe honour of doing sth 赏光给予某人荣誉做某事赏光给
5、予某人荣誉做某事have the honour of doing sth 有幸做某事有幸做某事in honour of 为了纪念，向为了纪念，向表示敬意表示敬意honours 优等成绩优等成绩 During his stay in foreign countries,he won_，which became _ to their families A.the honour；an honour B.an honour；honour C.honour；an honour D.the honour；honour Key：C 4.take on1)雇佣，接受雇佣，接受 take on a secret
6、ary2)呈现，显现呈现，显现 take on a new look3）承担工作或责任）承担工作或责任She took too much on and made herself ill.take 常用短语常用短语take after sbtake sth away take backtake downtake in take off take outtake overtake up相貌或性格像相貌或性格像送走送走,拿走拿走取回取回;归还归还,使使回忆起回忆起拿下拿下;拆毁拆毁,拆散拆散;写下写下拿进拿进;吸收吸收;了解了解;蒙骗蒙骗;把衣服改小把衣服改小移开移开,突然成功；脱掉突然成功；脱掉；
7、起飞起飞；拿出拿出;除去除去继承继承,接管接管拿起拿起,占占(时间时间,地点地点);开始开始从事；从事；继续继续(中断的中断的事事)5purpose n目的，意图；用途，效果 What is your purpose of doing that?你做那件事的意图是什么?on purpose 故意地，有意地to nolittle purpose 作用不大to good purpose 有意义，有成效地 for/with the purpose of 为了,目的是 serve the purpose 达到目的6.co-operate vi.合作，协作合作，协作 归纳拓展：归纳拓展：1.co-ope
8、rate(with sb)(in/on sth)The two groups agreed to cooperate with each other in/on the project.2.cooperate to do/in doing sthco-exist 共存，共处共存，共处 co-operation n.n.合作合作 1)cooperation(with sb)(in doing sth)2)cooperation between A and B in cooperation with 与与合作合作 cooperative adj.合作的合作的 make a cooperative
9、effort 7.touch:v1)碰触，触动碰触，触动That paint is wet-dont touch(it).Her tragic story touched us all deeply.2)不吃（食物，饮料等）不吃（食物，饮料等）No thanks,I never touch chocolate/alcohol.3)触及，涉及触及，涉及This is an important matter which touches your future.n.触觉，触碰触觉，触碰1)U触觉触觉 the sense of touch 触觉触觉2）C 触碰触碰I felt a cold touch
10、 on my arm.get in touch with 与与取得联系取得联系 keepstay in touch with 与与保持联系保持联系 lose touch with 与与失去联系失去联系 out of touch with 失去失去联系联系 -_the car seatIts wet -Thank you for telling meA.touch B.Feel CHand DSenseKey：Btouch是动作动词，强调是动作动词，强调“碰碰”，feel是个过程动词，强调是个过程动词，强调“觉出觉出”touch：to put your hand,finger etc on so
11、meone or something(把手、手指等放在人和物上把手、手指等放在人和物上)feel：to touch something with your fingers to find out about it(用手指摸东西来看看是什么用手指摸东西来看看是什么)2.Lang Lang decided that he didnt want to be a pianist any more after his piano teacher in Beijing told him that he could not make it.For the next two weeks he didnt _t
12、he piano.A.feel B.touch C.spot D.takeKey：B8.conflict C n.1)斗争，冲突斗争，冲突 make a conflict with 与与 斗争斗争 a conflict between two countries 2)(意见等意见等)分歧分歧 a conflict of feelings/opinions in conflict with come into conflict with vi.斗争斗争 conflict with conflictfightstruggle(vi):三者都有三者都有”战斗，斗争战斗，斗争”的意思，其区别是：的意思
13、，其区别是：(1)conflict指由于严重不一致而引起抵触或冲突。指由于严重不一致而引起抵触或冲突。Their account of the causes of the war conflicts with ours(2)fight “打仗，战斗打仗，战斗”，现可指任何形式的斗争，现可指任何形式的斗争，特别强调短兵相接。特别强调短兵相接。The two boys fought.(3)Struggle“挣扎挣扎”,现多指为克服障碍或困难而现多指为克服障碍或困难而作出努力和抗争作出努力和抗争,意味着处境艰难。如：意味着处境艰难。如：They were struggling for peace T
14、here appeared to be a war between his heart and his head,and you could almost watch this_ going on Afriendship Bfight Cconflict DcontactKey：C9.press n媒体，新闻界；报刊，杂志；新闻记者媒体，新闻界；报刊，杂志；新闻记者v按，压，挤；催促按，压，挤；催促The shoes are pressing on my toes鞋子太挤脚。鞋子太挤脚。They are pressing us to make a quick decision他们正催促我们尽快
15、作出决定。他们正催促我们尽快作出决定。press for 迫切要求迫切要求 Somebodys bag _hard against my back in the crowded train Aurged Bpressed C1eaned Dwaved Key：B 10.awareness n.U 意识，认识意识，认识Environmental awareness has increased dramatically over the past decade.There is a general awareness that smoking is harmfulaware adj.意识到意识到1
16、.She was well aware that he was married.2.I suddenly became aware of him looking at me.11draw-drew-drawn vt拖，拉；吸引拖，拉；吸引(注意力注意力)；得出；得出(结论结论)。She drew the doctor aside to discuss her mothers health draw the attention of 引起了引起了 注意注意draw ones attention to 吸引某人对吸引某人对的注意力的注意力 draw a conclusion 得出一个结论得出一个结
17、论(2)n吸引人注意的人或物；平局。吸引人注意的人或物；平局。The match ended in a draw那场比赛以平局结束。那场比赛以平局结束。Mr White is always a great draw at political meetings怀特先生总是政治性集会中的怀特先生总是政治性集会中的 焦点人物。焦点人物。知知识识:draw up 草草拟拟，写写出出 draw back 退后退后 draw down 引引来来，招致，招致 draw on 临临近近 draw away 拉走，退走拉走，退走It was said that other possibilities_ at t
18、he meeting the day before yesterdayAwere never drawn attention Bwere never paying attention toCnever drew attention to Dwere never drawn attention to Key：D 12fund(1)C n资金，基金资金，基金 a disaster fund 赈灾款赈灾款 funds 资金，现款资金，现款They are raising funds for a new laboratory(2)v投资；为投资；为提供经费提供经费根据中文提示翻译句子，每空仅填一词。根
19、据中文提示翻译句子，每空仅填一词。1这项计划因为缺少资金而被放弃。这项计划因为缺少资金而被放弃。The project was abandoned for want of _ 2政府正为处理失业问题的另一计划拨款。政府正为处理失业问题的另一计划拨款。The government _ another unemployment scheme Keys：1funds 2is funding 13.urgent adj紧急的，急迫的。如：紧急的，急迫的。如：It is most urgent that we(should)operateThese people are in urgent need o
20、f relief 14.lack n.缺乏缺乏 a lack of 缺少，不足缺少，不足 no lack of 不缺少不缺少 for lack of 因缺乏因缺乏 lack v.缺乏缺乏 lack the skills lacking adj.缺少的缺少的 be lacking in sth 15.on behalf of representing:代表代表以某人的名义；为了某人。以某人的名义；为了某人。1.On behalf of the entire company,I would like to thank you for all your work.2.in behalf of 为了为
21、了的利益的利益She gave a concert in behalf of a charity16.accessible adj 可接近的；可得到的。可接近的；可得到的。accessible to sb 是某人容易得到的；容易和某人亲近的是某人容易得到的；容易和某人亲近的Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to childrenaccess n通路；方法；通路；方法；(使用某物或接近某人的使用某物或接近某人的)机会或权利机会或权利havegainget access to 进入进入/接近接近The books are easi
22、ly_ to the readers as all the shelves are openAacceptable Bpossible Caccessible DreasonableKey：C 3.as it is more often referred to.(P50)As you know,David,is a photographer.注意：注意：as 引导非限制性定语从句。引导非限制性定语从句。Which/as 1.as 引导定语从句，指代主句内容。可放在引导定语从句，指代主句内容。可放在 主句之前或者之后；主句之前或者之后；which 只能放在主句之后。只能放在主句之后。2.As 引
23、导的谓语动词多是引导的谓语动词多是see,know,expect,say ,mention,report 等。等。5.mean v.打算打算 adj.吝啬的，吝啬的，自私的自私的 归纳：归纳：mean to do 打算做打算做.mean doing sth.意味着意味着 mean that clause 表示表示之意之意 be meant for 注定要成为注定要成为 预定被给予预定被给予(某人某人)be meant to do 必须做必须做 be mean over/about/with 吝啬的吝啬的 It is mean of sb to do某人某人是卑鄙的是卑鄙的10.base n.C
24、 1)根基根基,底座底座 the base of a building2)基地，根据地基地，根据地 an air base 3)v.以以 为基础为基础 base+名词名词+on/upon 1.You should base your conclusion upon careful research.2.This story is based on facts.13.involve v.1)牵连，牵涉牵连，牵涉 The serious incident involved a group of youths.involve sb.in 把某人牵涉到某事里把某人牵涉到某事里 be involved
25、in 涉及涉及,与与.有关系有关系2)包含，附带包含，附带 involve sth be involved in sth 专心于某件事情专心于某件事情 involvement n.卷入，牵连卷入，牵连(with/in)16.assist v.帮助，帮助，援助援助 拓展：拓展：assist sb with sth assist sb to do sth assist sb in doing sth assistant n.助手，店员助手，店员 assistance n.援助援助 18.in addition(to)=besides I met my past teacher and some c
26、lassmates in addition in the supermarket.In addition to cakes and candies,guests were also provided with fruits.20.attention n.(1)U 注意注意 1.Ladies and gentlemen,could I have your attention,please?2.Theyre organizing a campaign to draw peoples attention to the environment.3.I knocked on the window to
27、get/attract/catch her attention(=make her notice me).(2)立正立正soldiers standing at/to attentionIf you dont pay attention(=listen carefully)now,youll get it all wrong later.Many countries are starting to turn their attention to(=to consider)new forms of energy.Dont pay any attention to(=take any notice
28、 of)Nina-she doesnt know what shes talking about.attend v.仔细倾听仔细倾听Im afraid I wasnt attending to what was being said.attentive adj.专注的，留心的专注的，留心的/体贴的体贴的an attentive audienceYou must be more attentive to what I say.21.add v.I or T 1.加入，相加加入，相加If you add(=calculate the total of)three and four you get seven.2.Her colleagues laughter only added to(=increased)her embarrassment.She was sad,she said,but added(=said also)that she felt she had made the right decision.3.add(sth)up 相加，加起来相加，加起来She added the bill up.4.add up to sth 总计，总计，合计合计added adj.extra:额外的额外的 added disadvantage addition noun.C or U
