1、普通高中课程标准实验教科书（人教版英语选修七）Unit2 Robots不定式被动语态不定式被动语态Leaning goalsv复习常见的各种时态的被动语态v学习不定式的被动语态被动语态被动语态(the passive voice)v语态是什么？v语态是动词的一种形式，v用以表示主语和谓语之间的关系。v英语的语态分为主动语态和被动语态。v主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。v被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。v常用的几种时态的被动语态及含有情态动词的被动语常用的几种时态的被动语态及含有情态动词的被动语态的构成形式态的构成形式被动语态被动语态一般现在时一般现在时(am/is/are)+过去分词一般过去时
2、一般过去时(was/were)+过去分词一般将来时一般将来时will+be+过去分词 过去将来时过去将来时would+be+过去分词现在进行时现在进行时(am/is/are)+being+过去分词过去进行时过去进行时(was/were)+being+过去分词现在完成时现在完成时have/has+been+过去分词过去完成时过去完成时had+been+过去分词含有情态动词含有情态动词情态动词+be+过去分词v一、动词不定式v1动词不定式的的时态和语态 主动 被动 一般时to doto be done 进行时to be doing/完成时to have doneto have been done时
3、态语态2不定式的句法功能v 除了谓语外，不定式可以担当句子的任何成分。v To see is to believe.眼见为实。(作主语和表语)vYou should continue to learn as long as you live.要活到老学到老。(作宾语)vShe usually has a lot of meetings to attend in the evenings.她晚上经常有很多会要开。(作定语)vTo do a good job,we must have the right tools.要干好活工具得用对。(作状语)vI didnt expect you to arr
4、ive so early.我没想到你来得那么早。(作宾语补足语)动词不定式的被动式动词不定式的被动式v【语境展示语境展示】观察下面各句中动词不定式的被动式的用法，观察下面各句中动词不定式的被动式的用法，然后加以总结。然后加以总结。v1.Its nice to be wanted.v2.The books are to be sent to the young children.v3.She didnt like to be treated as a child.v4.The question to be discussed at the next meeting will be a hard
5、nut to crack.v5.They were shipped to America to be sold as slaves.v6.He didnt want the subject to be mentioned in the letter.v7.Forty-one people are said to have been seriously hurt in the accident.主语表宾定状语宾补主补即学即练：即学即练：v一一.用括号内动词的正确形式填空。用括号内动词的正确形式填空。vI.1.Were having a meeting this afternoon.The dec
6、ision _ (make)at the meeting will influence the future vof our company.v 2.Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple,but it remains _(see)whether they will enjoy it.v 3.My friend didnt want the subject _(mention)in the letter.v 4.The machine doesnt work.It seems _(damage).v 5.The new
7、s reporters hurried to the airport,only _(tell)the film star had left.to be madeto be toldto be seento be mentionedto have been damaged Although computer-like machines 1._(build)in the 19th century,computers 2._(sell)commercially for the first time in the 1950s,and a lot of progress 3._(make)since t
8、hen.Computers are now much smaller and more powerful,and they can 4._(buy)much more cheaply.Computers 5._(use)in many fields in business,science,medicine and education,for example.The computers memory is the place where information 6._(keep)and calculations 7._(do).Large numbers of home computers 8.
9、_(sell)so far.People know more about computers than they used to,and computers are playing a bigger part in our lives.Progress 9._(make)all the time.Many people believe we can look forward to the day when even our household jobs10._(do)by computer-controlled robots.II.用所给动词的适当形式完成这段话100Check your an
10、swersv Although computer-like machines 1._(build)in the 19th century,computers 2._(sell)commercially for the first time in the 1950s,and a lot of progress v3._(make)since then.vComputers are now much smaller and more vpowerful,and they can 4._(buy)much vmore cheaply.were builtwere soldhas been made
11、be boughtv Computers 5._ v(use)in many fields in business,science,vmedicine and education,for example.The vcomputers memory is the place where vinformation 6._(keep)and vcalculations 7._(do).are used/have been usedis keptare donev Large numbers of home computers 8.v_(sell)so far.People know morev ab
12、out computers than they used to,and vcomputers are playing a bigger part vin our lives.have been sold 学习动词不定式应注意的几个问题1)用不定式作宾语的词语。下列词语常用不定式作宾语：afford，promise，refuse，expect，hope，learn，offer，wish，want，like,fail，plan，agree，prefer，decide，manage，determine，desire等。He preferred to do heavier work(主动)He pre
13、ffered to be given heavier work（被动）v Progress 9._(make)all the time.v Many people believe we can look forward to thev day when even our household jobsv10._(do)by computer-controlled robots.is being madewill be done2)在感官动词和一些使役动词后,不定式做宾补和主补，to 的使用：see，watch，notice，hear，listen to，observe，feel，make，let
14、，have等的宾补用动词原形，变被动时要加to，此时的不定式就是主语补足语。Eg:在感官动词和一些使役动词后,不定式做宾补和主补，to 的使用vsee sb dovhear sb dovwatch sb dovfeel/notice/observe vmake sb dovlet sb dovhave sb dovSb be seen to dovSb be heard to dovSb be watched to do vSb be made to dovWe often see him work hard day and night without a good restvHe is of
15、ten seen to work hard.3)不定式作宾补常和下列动词搭配使用：主语ask/require/tell/order/force/get/wantsb.to do sth.注意其被动形式：ask sb to do-sb be asked to do（主补）force sb to do-sb be forced to do4).在有些情况下，用不定式的主动形式表被动意义v(1).如果不定式前有两个或两个以上的名词或代词，其中含有不定式动作的发出者和承受着时，不定式要用主动形式。vRecently Alan is busy,vand he has something importan
16、t to do.v(2)在“主语+be+adj+不定式”结构中，特别是当形容词为 easy,hard,difficult,heavy,light,good,comfortable,pleasant 等时，常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。vThe problem is easy to solvev(3).在在“with+宾语宾语+宾补宾补”结构中，常用不定式的结构中，常用不定式的主主v动形式来表示将要发生的动作动形式来表示将要发生的动作vWith a lot of work to do,he wasnt allowed to take part in the activity.即学即练：用所给
17、动词的适当形式填空v The companys new car was going 1_(test)vin the coming month.A lot of work needed 2._v(do).With so much work 3._(do),all the staff vhad to work day and night.A new exhibition hall was asked 4._(build).Many part-time workers required v 5._(hire).Lily found a job in the companyv too.She is a
18、 beautiful girl,so the manager asked her v6._(train)as a car model.However,Lily refusedv7._(take)the job.Although she is beautiful,to be testedto be done/doingto doto be builtto be hired/hiringto be trainedto takevShe doesnt like 8._(watch)by sovmany people.Her desire is 9._(become)a sales manager.The manager was very kind and permitted her to work here as a saleswoman.With great efforts for three years,she has become the first woman sales manager 10._(accept)by all the staff in this company.to be watchedto becometo be acceptedHomework vP 14 Ex 2.and Ex 3.
