1、托福阅读词汇大分类 一、地质学 二、天文学 三、生物科学 四、生态、环境、能源 五、艺术 六、社会发展 七、心理、生理 八、社会学地质学地质学 1.冰川类 2.地质现象冰川类 OG：Green Icebergs TPO 19：Discovering The Ice Ages地质现象 OG：Geology and Landscape TPO 01：Groundwater TPO 02：Desert Formation TPO 03：Depletion of The Ogallala Aquifer TPO 07：The Geologic History of The Mediterranean
2、TPO 12：Water in The Desert TPO 20：Fossil Preservation TPO 21：Geothermal Energy TPO 24：Lake Water TPO 28：Groundwater TPO 27：The Formation of Volcanic Islands天文学天文学 1.火星类 2.其他行星类 火星类 TPO 08：Running Water On Mars TPO 25：The Surface of Mars其他行星类 TPO 16：Planets in Our Solar System TPO 22：The Allende Mete
3、orite生物科学生物科学 植物学 动物学植物学 Sample：Opportunity and Competitors TPO 01：Timberline Vegetation on Mountains TPO 05：Minerals and Plants TPO 09：The Arrival of Plant Life in Hawaii TPO 22：Spartina TPO 25：The Evolutionary Origin of Plants TPO 32：Plant Colonization TPO 34：Protection of Plants by InsectsSample：
4、Opportunity and Competitors reproduce 繁殖 Most plants reproduce by seeds.squander 浪费 If we squander our fossil fuels,we threaten civilization.rigidity 刻板，硬度，严格 Bone gets its rigidity from calcium.erode 侵蚀 Forest soil under growing trees generally does not erode.render 提出，实施 She needed him to hear her
5、 out and render advice.blend 混合 His manner was a blend of friendliness and respect.TPO 01：Timberline Vegetation on Mountains moisture 潮湿 The roots transmit moisture and nutrient to the trunk and branches.twist 扭曲 The metal frame tends to twist under pressure.deform 变形，变畸形 Shoes that are too tight de
6、form the feet.duration 持续 For the duration of the strike we will remain closed.insulation 隔离,绝缘 Foam rubber provides good insulation.TPO 05：Minerals and Plants deficient 不足的，不够的 A diet deficient in vitamin D may cause the disease rickets.recycle 循环 Chemical constantly circulate or recycle in the sys
7、tem.contaminate 污染 All over the world,oil spills regularly contaminate coasts.excavation 挖掘 The excavation of the buried city took a long pound 合成物，混合物 When two or more elements combine and form a compound,a chemical change takes place.toxic 有毒的 Too much toxic waste is being dumped at sea.TPO 09：The
8、 Arrival of Plant Life in Hawaii nourish 滋养，怀有 They needed good food to nourish their bodies.propagate 传播,繁殖 The plants propagate quickly in warm temperatures.dormant 休眠的 During the winter the seeds lie dormant in the soil.encapsulate 封装，使成囊状 To see why you might want to encapsulate your data,we a l
9、ook at two programs.dominate 统治 Fathers have the power to dominate children and young peopleTPO 22：Spartina excrete 排泄 The function of the kidneys is to excrete wastes from the body.stabilize 使稳定 Although her illness is serious,her condition is beginning to stabilize.displace 取代，替代 He was displaced
10、by another young man.deterioration 恶化 The subhuman conditions of work soon caused physical deterioration.smother 窒息 They tried to smother the flames with a damp blanket.integral 必要的，不可少的 Rituals and festivals form an integral part of every human society.TPO 25：The Evolutionary Origin of Plants subje
11、ct 使屈从于 This party is subject to government supervision.evaporation 蒸发 High temperatures also result in high evaporation from the plants.aquatic 水生的 Most species live off aquatic snails.fertilize 给施肥 They hauled feedlot manure from the ranches to fertilize their fields.TPO 32：Plant Colonization viab
12、le 能养活的，能生育的 Viable seeds of pioneer species can be found in large numbers on some forest floors.germinate 发芽 Some seed varieties germinate fast,so check every day or so.TPO 34：Protection of Plants by Insects blossom 开花 The cherry blossom came out early in Washington this year.dissolve 溶解 Dissolve t
13、he salt in the warm water.intrude 入侵 打扰 Im sorry to intrude on you like this.动物学动物学 动物特点 动物变化 动物行为动物特点 OG：Swimming Machines OG：Feeding Habits of East African Herbivores TPO 04：Deer Population of The Puget Sound TPO 13：Biological Clock TPO 15：A Warm-blooded Turtle TPO 17：Symbiotic Relationship TPO 32
14、：Distributions of Tropical Bee ColoniesOG：Swimming Machines resistance 抵抗;电阻;阻力 Generally speaking there was no resistance to the idea.sleek 光滑的;使光滑 They are chewing the juicy grass which makes their fur sleek.protrude 突出,伸出 Helens teeth protrude too far.OG：Feeding Habits of East African Herbivores
15、microorganism 微生物;微小动植物 Bacteria belong to the microorganism.TPO 04：Deer Population of The Puget Sound prevalent 流行的;普遍的,广传的 Smoking is becoming increasingly prevalent among younger women.decay 衰退,衰减;腐烂,腐朽 They turn these into acid,which causes decay.hibernate 过冬 Bears often hibernate in caves.preda
16、tor 捕食者;食肉动物;掠夺者 However,no wolves are not a competing predator.protein 蛋白质 Too much protein in the diet may advance the ageing process.TPO 13：Biological Clock chronobiology 时间生物学;生物钟学 The new lamps aim to exploit this chronobiology.metabolize 新陈代谢 Our bodies constantly metabolize the food we eat.en
17、zyme 酶 This change is considered to be due to denaturation of the enzyme.synchronize 同步 The film does not synchronize with sound.hatch 孵化 The female sits on the eggs until they hatch.TPO 15：A Warm-blooded Turtle countercurrent 逆流;相反地 Countercurrent washing is applied to reduce acid pollution effecti
18、vely.reptilian 爬虫类动物 The chick is ugly and almost reptilian in its appearance.radiation 辐射 The star grew 30%brighter and threw off huge amounts of radiation.flipper 鳍 Its almost like a flipper action as she kicks down.TPO 17：Symbiotic Relationship symbiotic 共生的;共栖的 I think it is going to be symbioti
19、c relationship.parasitism 寄生状态;寄生病 You hate emotional parasitism,outsiders interfering with your business.bacterial 细菌的 Bacterial reproduction is accelerated in weightless space.vertebrate 脊椎动物的;有脊椎的;脊椎动物 So far it has not been detected in a vertebrate animal.devastate 毁灭;毁坏 Even a small quantity of
20、 ash could devastate plants and wildlife.carbohydrate 碳水化合物;糖类 Athletes usually eat a high carbohydrate diet.catalyst 催化剂;刺激因素 A catalyst is a substance which speeds up a chemical reaction.TPO 32：Distributions of Tropical Bee Colonies rival 竞争,对抗 Ships cant rival aircraft for speed.escalate 使逐步升级 Ne
21、ither side wants this to escalate.random 随机的 His team conducts random surveys constantly.动物变化 Sample：Meteorite Impact and Dinosaur Extinction TPO 05：The Cambrian Explosion TPO 08：Extinction of The Dinosaurs TPO 15：Mass Extinctions TPO 33：Extinction Episodes of the Past TPO 31:Speciation in Geographi
22、cally Isolated Populations TPO 30：The Pace of Evolutionary ChangeSample：Meteorite Impact and Dinosaur Extinction hazard 冒险 He climbed into the car at the hazard of his life.catastrophe 大灾难 Early warnings of rising water levels prevented another major catastrophe.TPO 05：The Cambrian Explosion decompo
23、sition 分解,腐烂;变质 It is difficult to speak about a definite direction of the decomposition reaction.TPO 08：Extinction of The Dinosaurs asteroid 小行星 The largest asteroid is Ceres,which is about a quarter the size of the moon.eradicate 根除,根绝;消灭 The government is making efforts to eradicate racial discri
24、minating.TPO 33：Extinction Episodes of the Past primitive 原始的；原始人 Its using some rather primitive technology.TPO 30：The Pace of Evolutionary Change conceive 怀孕；构思；想像 I can hardly conceive of your doing such a thing.动物行为 TPO 02：The Origins of Cetaceans TPO 11：Begging by Nestlings TPO 11：Orientation a
25、nd Navigation TPO 17：Ani mal Signals in The Rain Forest TPO 30：Role of Play in Development TPO 29：Competition TPO 28：Buck Rubs and Buck Scrapes TPO 27：Predator-Prey CyclesTPO 02：The Origins of Cetaceans marine 海的，海产的 Bezanik is diving to collect marine organisms.intermediate 中间的 中级的 This country is
26、now at an intermediate stage of development.TPO 11：Begging by Nestlings rotate 旋转;循环 Rotate the head clockwise and counterclockwise.TPO 17：Ani mal Signals in The Rain Forest amphibian 两栖类的 Amphibians are animals such as frogs and toads that can live both on land and in water.impediment 妨碍;阻止 The new
27、 taxes were a major impediment to economic growth.TPO 30：Role of Play in Development primate 主要的，灵长类 14 per cent of primate species are highly endangered.TPO 29：Competition rodent 啮齿性动物 Researchers observed one bird impale a rodent on a cactus.TPO 28：Buck Rubs and Buck Scrapes coincide 与.一致 Its a pi
28、ty our trips to New York dont coincide.TPO 27：Predator-Prey Cycles rebound 弹回；从诸如衰败或失望中恢复过来 The recent rebound in mortgage rates could snuff out the housing recovery.correspond 符合，一致；相应；通信 Her expression is concerned but her body-language does not correspond.habitat 栖息地 Few countries have as rich a
29、diversity of habitat as South Africa.生态、环境、能源生态、环境、能源 TPO 03：The Long-Term Stability of Ecosystems TPO 19：Succession,Climax,and Ecosystems TPO 26：Survival of Plants and Animals in Desert Conditions TPO 31:Savanna Formation Sample：Electricity from Wind TPO 04：Petroleum Resources TPO 29：The History of
30、 Waterpower TPO 10：Variations in The Climate TPO 18：Lightning TPO 23：Urban ClimatesTPO 26：Survival of Plants and Animals in Desert Conditions meteorite 陨星;陨石 No.Hes checking out a meteorite that hit near him.condensation 冷凝;冷凝液 A condensation to quinoid systems occurs.assemble 集合 聚集 装配 The new legis
31、lature will assemble in January.With respect to things assemble implies gathering and fitting together components,as of a structure or machine TPO 31:Savanna Formation elliptical 椭圆的;省略的 He loved elliptical comments capable of many interpretations.hypothesize 假设,假定 The circumstances most likely to e
32、licit advanced cultural behaviors,McBrearty and others hypothesize,were those related to increased population size.meteoroid 流星体 A very small,often dust-sized meteoroid.molecule 分子;微小颗粒,微粒 A molecule where the centers do not coincide is called a polar molecule.Sample：Electricity from Wind neurotrans
33、mitter 生理 神经递质；生理 神经传递 An amine compound containing one amino group,especially a compound that functions as a neurotransmitter.TPO 04：Petroleum Resourcesphoenix 凤凰；死而复生的人A personallty that,in our sessions,came to call itseIf the Phoenix.TPO 29：The History of Waterpower neutralize 抵销；使中和;中和；中立化；变无效 W
34、hen a chemical substance neutralizes an acid,it makes it less acid.TPO 18：Lightning aggregate 集合 聚集 An aggregate is a number of people or things that are being considered as a single thing艺术艺术 绘画/雕塑/陶瓷 建筑/戏剧/电影/摄影绘画/雕塑/陶瓷 Sample：Lascaux Cave Paintings TPO 04：Cave Art in Europe TPO 10：Chinese Pottery
35、 TPO 11：Ancient Egyptian Sculpture TPO 23：Rock Art of the Australian Aborigines TPO 34：Islamic Art and the Book TPO 29：Characteristics of Roman Pottery TPO 27：Crafts in the Ancient near East TPO 12：Which Hand Did They Use?TPO 04：Cave Art in Europe exaggerate 夸大，夸张 Lets dont exaggerate the pluses or
36、minuses.TPO 10：Chinese Pottery commission 委托 You can commission them to paint something especially for you.intrinsic 固有的，内在的，本质的 In a way inertial mass is intrinsic to matter.ornament 装饰，点缀 A very simple style of dress,devoid of ornament or pretension.TPO 11：Ancient Egyptian Sculpture dimensional 维的
37、 Creating a model of IT is a multi-dimensional challenge.geometric 几何学的 Now we move to the geometric measure theory.rectangular 长方形的，矩形的 Line a square or rectangular baking tray with parchment paper.TPO 12：Which Hand Did They Use?predominant 极其显著的，盛行的 The predominant causes of death remain infectiou
38、s disease.revealing 揭露性的 But the fact he identifies with him is revealing.specimen 样品 He is a fine specimen of his class.建筑/戏剧/电影/摄影 TPO 01：The Origins of Theater TPO 02：Early Cinema TPO 03：Architecture TPO 12：Transition to Sound in Film TPO 22：The Birth of PhotographyTPO 01：The Origins of Theater a
39、esthetic 审美的，美学的 He responded very strongly to the aesthetic of this particular work.TPO 02：Early Cinema manipulation 控制，操纵 Evidence of the distortion and manipulation of the news.spectator 观看者，观众 The most popular spectator sport is football.TPO 03：Architecture characterize 以为特征 the rolling hills th
40、at characterize this part of Eplement 补足，补助 We are not equals;we complement each other.TPO 12：Transition to Sound in Film format 版式 The leaflet is in PDF format.watershed 转折点，分水岭 The meeting has the potential to be a watershed event.TPO 22：The Birth of Photography multitude 众多 A reverent hush descen
41、ded on the multitude.privileged 享有特权的 He wanted a France that privileged work above capital.社会发展社会发展OG：Artisans and Industrialization TPO 06：Powering The Industrial Revolution TPO 18：Industrialization in The Netherlands and Scandinavia TPO 26：Energy and the Industrial Revolution TPO 10：Seventeenth-C
42、entury European Economic Growth TPO14：Pastoralism in Ancient Inner Eurasia TPO 16：Trade and The Ancient Middle East TPO 17：Europes Early Sea Trade with Asia TPO 25：The Decline of Venetian Shipping TPO 07：Agriculture,Iron,and The Bantu Peoples TPO 21：The Origins of Agriculture TPO 23：Seventeenth-Cent
43、ury Dutch Agriculture TPO 06：Powering The Industrial Revolutioncondense浓缩；凝结;使浓缩；使压缩Vapor or fumes may condense on piping,ducts,or stack walls.TPO 26：Energy and the Industrial Revolution handicraft 手工艺；手工艺品 Its hard to judge between the tow handicraft articles;theyre both charming.TPO14：Pastoralism
44、in Ancient Inner Eurasia paradoxically 似非而是地；自相矛盾地；反常地 Paradoxically,Africas food problems are often ascribed to an overemphasis on nonfood drops.TPO 21：The Origins of Agriculture dilemma 窘境，困境;进退两难 Darwins dilemma was solved by it.TPO 23：Seventeenth-Century Dutch Agriculture impenetrable 不能通过的;不能理解
45、的;无动于衷的;不接受的 Armor plate is impenetrable by ordinary bullets.fluidity 流动性;流质;变移性;流度 It improves fluidity and other casting properties.心理、生理心理、生理 OG：Aggression OG：The Expression of Emotion TPO 06：Infantile Amnesia TPO 13：Methods of Studying Infant Perception TPO 18：The Mystery of Yawning TPO 21：Autob
46、iographical Memory TPO 24：Breathing During SleepOG：Aggression distort 扭曲;使失真;曲解 A painter may exaggerate or distort shapes and forms.impulse 刺激;脉冲;推动 All day she had fought off the impulse to telephone Harry.moderate 有节制的;稳健的,温和的;变缓和,变弱 Rainfall is moderate and falls mainly in the winter.TPO 06：Infa
47、ntile Amnesia enduring 持久的 能忍受的 Few of them feel bound by any enduring loyalties.TPO 13：Methods of Studying Infant Perception diffuse 分散的 散开的 A cold,diffuse light filtered in through the skylight.apparatus 装置 设备 仪器 A nuclear reactor is the apparatus in which atoms are split.TPO 18：The Mystery of Yaw
48、ning skeptical 怀疑的 They are skeptical about how much will be accomplished by legislation.TPO 21：Autobiographical Memory cohesive 连贯的 有结合力的 有粘着力的 The author skillfully fuses these fragments into a cohesive whole.TPO 24：Breathing During Sleep congestion 拥挤 拥塞 Energy consumption,congestion and pollutio
49、n have increased.社会学社会学 国家城市特点 人口变化特点国家城市特点TPO 09：Reflection in Teaching TPO 13：Types of Social Groups TPO 14：Childrenand Advertising TPO 31：Early Children Education OG：Nineteenth-Century Politics in The United States TPO 07：Ancient Rome and Greece TPO 08：The Rise of Teotihuacan TPO 14：Maya Water Pr
50、oblems TPO 19：The Roman Armys Impact on Britain TPO 26：Sumer and The First Cities of The Ancient Near East TPO 33：The First Civilizations TPO 13：Types of Social Groups instrumental 工具的 仪器的 The research activities cover both fundamental and instrumental aspects.mediate 调节 斡旋 The Secretary-General was
