1、 语言点：同位语从句语言点：同位语从句 unit5 Canada-”The True unit5 Canada-”The True North”North”It is difficult to define the It is difficult to define the border border between love and friendship.between love and friendship.She worked She worked abroadabroad for a year.for a year.Passengers are waiting to Passenger
2、s are waiting to boardboard.Flight BA195 for Paris is now Flight BA195 for Paris is now boardingboarding at Gate 33.at Gate 33.Nothing but water can be seen on the Nothing but water can be seen on the broadbroad ocean.ocean.宽阔的，上（飞机，船，火车等）边缘，国外多媒体多媒体 _多种形式的多种形式的 _多彩的多彩的 _多民族的，多国的多民族的，多国的_1.having ma
3、ny culturesmulticulturalmulti-是一个前缀，意为是一个前缀，意为“多多”multimulticolouredcolouredmultimultiformformmultimultinationalnationalmultimultimediamedia3.usually short journey,esp.for pleasure3.usually short journey,esp.for pleasuretriptripgo/be on a trip to go/be on a trip to make a trip to make a trip to take
4、 a trip totake a trip to海海滨滨之行之行 _ _ 前往巴黎的蜜月之旅前往巴黎的蜜月之旅 _他出差在外。他出差在外。He is _.He is _.a trip to the seasidea trip to the seaside a honeymoon trip to Parisa honeymoon trip to Parison a business tripon a business triptourtriptraveljourney指长距离旅行或国外旅行（可数指长距离旅行或国外旅行（可数或不可数）或不可数）常指观光，考察等的环球旅行常指观光，考察等的环球旅行指
5、短距离的旅行，远足指短距离的旅行，远足指远距离的陆地旅行（可数指远距离的陆地旅行（可数名词）名词）Id like some water Id like some water rather thanrather than a coke.a coke.He was busy writing a letter He was busy writing a letter rather thanrather thanreading a newspaper.reading a newspaper.Wed better struggle for the futureWed better struggle fo
6、r the future ratherratherthanthan regret for the past.regret for the past.4.4.Rather thanRather than take the aeroplane all the way,take the aeroplane all the way,they decided to they decided toprefer to do.rather than dowould rather do than do would do rather than do宁愿宁愿也不也不；He would rather ask que
7、stions than think by himself.I would thank you _ that you should thank me.A.because B.rather than C.for D.asBYou rather than I am going campingare4.rather than(prep.):in preference to(sb/sth);instead of 与其（某人/某物）,也不;而不是Canada Canada rather thanrather than other othercountries _(be)the place I countr
8、ies _(be)the place I want to study in.want to study in.is is强调强调 rather than 前面的人或事物前面的人或事物pare:through,across,crosscompare:through,across,crossthrough:through:指从空指从空间间的一的一头头到另一到另一头头的的“穿穿过过”，含含义义与与in in有关；（介有关；（介词词）across:across:指从一条指从一条线线或一个物体的表面的一或一个物体的表面的一边边到另一到另一边边的的“横横过过”、“跨跨过过”，含，含义义与与onon有关。有
9、关。（介（介词词）cross:cross:表表“横横过过”、“穿穿过过”时时，作，作动词动词；另外，它；另外，它还还可作名可作名词词、形容、形容词词。Fillintheblanks:1)Dontrunthehighway.Itsverydangerous.2)Ittookusalongtimetowalktheforest.3)Ihelpedtheblindmanthebusystreet.4)Jesusdiedonthe.5)Hetheroomtogreetus.6)TheRedhelpsthepeoplewhoareintrouble.acrossthroughcrosscrosscros
10、sedCross6.A very large area of land,such as Africa or Asiacontinent7.to the easteastward向东的（形容词）向东的（形容词）向东（副词）向东（副词）向前向前 _ _ 向后向后 _向上向上 _ _ 向下向下 _向南向南 _ _ 向北向北 _-ward-ward后后缀缀，表示方向，可用做形容，表示方向，可用做形容词词和和副副词词，作副，作副词时词时等于等于-wards-wardsupward(s)downward(s)The spring water flows eastward(s).The spring wat
11、er flows eastward(s).一江春水向一江春水向东东流流forward(s)backward(s)northward(s)southward(s)8.to be all around someone or something8.to be all around someone or somethingsurroundsurroundbe surrounded by/with sth(被被围绕围绕)雁荡山雁荡山Yandang is a town _(surround)Yandang is a town _(surround)by Yandang mountain.by Yandan
12、g mountain.(which is)surrounded(which is)surroundedsurrounded 6.surround vt.包围包围,围绕围绕;圈住圈住(1)警察包围了这幢房子。警察包围了这幢房子。The police surrounded the house.The house was surrounded by the police.(2)surroundings n.周围环境周围环境 to live in pleasant surroundingsThe oceans and seas surrounding the island are deep blue
13、and many of its cities lie on the bay.We could see the buildings _ by trees.A.being surrounded B.surrounded C.to be surrounded D.surround BThe oceans and seas surrounding the island are deep blue and many of its cities lie on the bay.A.She A.She settled downsettled down in an armchair to read her bo
14、ok.in an armchair to read her book.B.When are you going to marry and B.When are you going to marry and settle downsettle down?C.Wait until the children C.Wait until the children settle downsettle down before you before you start the class.It is too noisy.start the class.It is too noisy.D.He soon D.H
15、e soon settled downsettled down to to his own work.his own work.安稳地坐下或躺下安稳地坐下或躺下定居下来定居下来安静下来安静下来9.That afternoon in the train the cousins 9.That afternoon in the train the cousins settled settled downdown in their seats.in their seats.Which one has the same meaning?Which one has the same meaning?解析：
16、解析：settle down to“安下心来，专心致志于安下心来，专心致志于”，在此短，在此短语中，语中，to 是介词。是介词。How can I fall asleep,if I cantHow can I fall asleep,if I cant _ your smile._ your smile.看不到你的笑看不到你的笑,我怎么睡得着我怎么睡得着.catch sight ofcatch sight of-周杰伦周杰伦10.have a natural ability for10.have a natural ability forhave a gift forAvril has a g
17、ift for singing and writing songs.Vince Carter is a gifted Canadian basketball player.You are extremely gifted!Avril has a gift for singing and writing songs.Avril Avril is gifted inis gifted in singing and writing songs.singing and writing songs.gifted11.They 11.They went throughwent through a whea
18、t-growing a wheat-growing province and sawprovince and sawHe He went throughwent through a very difficult time.a very difficult time.Dick Dick went throughwent through his pockets his pockets looking for the keys.looking for the keys.穿过，通过穿过，通过经历，遭受经历，遭受仔细察看仔细察看12.manage to do 阅读下列句子，注意阅读下列句子，注意mana
19、ge to do的意思的意思和用法。和用法。1).Although he hasnt received any formal education,Mr Wang managed to finish his task.2).We should manage to realize our dream.归纳总结归纳总结 manage to do sth.(=succeed in doing sth.)是是“设法做、设法完成某事设法做、设法完成某事”的意思。的意思。辨析辨析 manage to do与与try to do 用用manage时，时，成功的把握大些；用成功的把握大些；用try时，成功的把时
20、，成功的把握不大。即：握不大。即：manage to do sth.的意思的意思是是“设法成功地完成设法成功地完成”，而，而try to do sth.的意思是的意思是“尽力做尽力做（但结果（但结果不一定成功）不一定成功）”。如：如：He worked hard and managed to pass the exam.他努力学习并顺利通过了考试。他努力学习并顺利通过了考试。He tried to pass the exam,but failed because of laziness.他试图想通过考试，但是由于懒惰而最他试图想通过考试，但是由于懒惰而最终失败了。终失败了。Phrase Phr
21、ase P341.1.在旅行在旅行2.2.是是而不是而不是,与其与其不如不如3.3.全程全程,一直地一直地4.4.因因而出名而出名5.5.被被环绕环绕6.6.定居定居;安下心来做某事安下心来做某事7 7有有的天赋的天赋8 8看见看见,瞥见瞥见9.9.设法做成设法做成 ona trip torather thanall the waybe famous forbe surrounded bysettle down(to)have a gift for catch sight ofmanage to do1.1.The The thoughtthought that they would cros
22、s the whole that they would cross the whole continent was exciting.continent was exciting.2.2.Some people have the Some people have the ideaidea that you can cross that you can cross Canada in less than five days.Canada in less than five days.3.3.They forget the They forget the factfact that Canada
23、is 5.500 that Canada is 5.500 kilometres from coast to coast.kilometres from coast to coast.4.4.The girls were surprised at the The girls were surprised at the factfact that ocean that ocean ships can sail up the Great Lakes.ships can sail up the Great Lakes.定义定义:同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具
24、体内容。名词的具体内容。用法用法:常跟的常跟的抽象名词抽象名词有有:fact/idea/reason/thought/order/decision/doubt/news/hope/truth/belief 连词连词 that/whether 不充当成份不充当成份 who/which/what 主语与宾语主语与宾语 when/where/why/how 状语状语 同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句与定语从句的区别:(1)定语从句中的定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以既代替先行词，同时以在从句中在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语）作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同，而同位语从句中的位语从句中的th
25、at是连词，只起连接主句与是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。不充当句中任何成分。(2)定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，行词，对先行词加以限定，描述它的性质或描述它的性质或特征特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对对名词进行具体内容的补充说明名词进行具体内容的补充说明。1)The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.Tell the differencethat引导的从句是定语从句，引导的
26、从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语在从句中作宾语.同位语从句，同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分在句中不作任何成分.2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种一种。1.What he wants is a book.2.It is so nice that we can learn this grammar point together.3.I wonder whether I can make friends with you.4.This is
27、 why he did it.5.Do you agree to the suggestion that we(should)have a trip in Tibet?主语从句主语从句主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Can you tell me how many students are there in your class?2.I dont know where has he gone.3.The owner of the shop came to see what the m
28、atter was.Can you tell me how many students there are in your class?I dont know where he has gone.The owner of the shop came to see what was the matter.规律一：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！规律一：名词从句中须使用陈述语序！找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：4.We suggested that we would go to the cinema.5.Its time that we have a break.
29、6.His proposal that we went there on foot is acceptable.We suggested that we(should)go to the cinema.Its time we had a break.His proposal that we(should)go there on foot.规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！规律二：注意虚拟语气的使用！找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：7.If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.8.It depends on
30、 if the weather is suitable for us to do it.9.The question is if he himself will be present at the meeting.10.He asked me if I could go with him or not.Whether we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.It depends on whether the weather is.The question is whether he himself will be present.He ask
31、ed me whether I could go with him or not.规律三：规律三：4 4种情况只能用种情况只能用whether whether：（1 1）与）与or notor not连用；连用；（2 2）前面有介词；）前面有介词；（3 3）引导表语从句；）引导表语从句；（4 4）位于句子开头。）位于句子开头。找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.I think that worthwhile that we spent so much money on these books.2.That is hard to decide when a
32、nd where we will held our sports meeting.3.Everybody considers it impossible which he wants to finish the job in such a short time.4.It doesnt matter that you will come or not.ititthatwhether规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况规律四：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况 下可以借助下可以借助 “it it”而后置。而后置。名词从句与定语从句的主要区别1.成分上的区别：名词从句和定语从句分别在句中充当什么 样的
33、成分？1.How the prisoner escaped remains a mystery.2.I wonder whether/if he is fit for the job.3.The problem is who will be equal to the task.4.He had no idea whether we could overcome the present difficulties or not.主语主语宾语宾语表语表语同位语同位语5.I visited the country which/that had been bombed by the US-led NAT
34、O(美国为首的北约美国为首的北约)a month before6.I shall never forget the years when I lived in the countryside with the farmers,which has a great effect on my life.7.In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 pm.,by which time many people have gone home.8.I had never seen such a good film as I watche
35、d last night.结论一：结论一：名词从句充当句子的主要成分；名词从句充当句子的主要成分；定于从句充当句子的修饰成分。定于从句充当句子的修饰成分。2.引导词含义上的区别：引导词含义上的区别：引导词是否指向句中的某个成分？引导词是否指向句中的某个成分？1.That he came back made us very happy.2.Im sorry(that)Ive made a mistake.3.He made another wonderful discovery,which I think is of great importance to science.4.As we all
36、 know,China is a developing country.结论二：结论二：定语从句的引导词在语义上定语从句的引导词在语义上具有指代先行词的作用。具有指代先行词的作用。名词从句的引导词不具备此功能。名词从句的引导词不具备此功能。3.关于关于that:that 在名词从句和定语从句中各起什么作用？在名词从句和定语从句中各起什么作用？1.He pretended(that)he didnt see me.2.That she lost her necklace on the way home made her so worried.3.The school that my sister
37、 studies at is far from here.4.The first request that he made was to ask for freedom.问题：问题：that 作何成分？作何成分？(which)结论三：结论三：名词从句中的名词从句中的 that that 只起引导词的作用，只起引导词的作用，无任何意义。无任何意义。定语从句中的定语从句中的that that 在从句中充当主语或宾语，在从句中充当主语或宾语，有时可以与有时可以与 which which 互换。互换。4.引导词的不同：引导词的不同：不会出现在名词从句中的关系词：不会出现在名词从句中的关系词：不会出现在
38、定语从句中的关系词：不会出现在定语从句中的关系词：as,且且 when,where 等不能与等不能与 in/on/at which 互换。互换。whether,if,what,how5、名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系：、名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系：1.He has done what he can to help me.-He has done _ _ he can to help me.2.What I want to say has nothing to do with it.-_ _ I want to say has nothing to do with it.all that
39、All that3.Whoever breaks the law is to be punished._ _ breaks the law is to be punished.5.Well remember whomever we turned to for help.Well remember _ _ we turned to for help.6.They will do whatever he wants them to do.They will do _ _he wants them to do.Anyone whoanyone(whom)anything that6、其余问题：、其余
40、问题：1.误：误：I dont know if he comes back this month.2.误：误：I have no idea what had happened when I was away.正：正：I dont know if he will come back this month.正：正：I have no idea what happened when I was away.3.误：误：The reason is because he is ill.4.误：误：Who leaves last turns off the light.正：正：The reason is t
41、hat he is ill.正：正：Whoever leaves last turns off the light.1.I ask her _ come with me.A.if she will B.if will she C.whether will she D.will she 2._ he said is true.A.What B.That C.Which D.Whether 3.Can you tell me _?A.who is that gentleman B.that gentleman is who C.who that gentleman is D.whom is tha
42、t gentleman 4.He didnt know which room _.A.they lived B.they lived in C.did they live D.did they live in 5.To get the job started,_ I need is some money.A.only what B.all what C.all that D.only that 6.I have no idea _ far the railway station is from here.A.what B.how C.its D.that 7.Can you tell me _
43、 the railway station?A.how I can get to B.what can I get to C.where I can got to D.where can I get to 8.Do you know _?A.what is his name B.how is his name C.what his name is D.how his name is 9._ you have done might do harm to other people.A.That B.What C.Which D.This 10.They have no idea at all _.A
44、.where he has gone B.where did he go C.which place has he gone D.where has he gone 11.They want to know _ do to help us.A.what can they B.what they can C.how they can D.how can they 12.These photographs will show you _.A.what our village looks like B.what does our village look like C.how does our vi
45、llage look like D.how our village looks like 13.Can you make sure _ the gold ring?A.where Alice had put B.where had Alice put C.where Alice has put D.where has Alice put 14.No one can be sure _ in a million years.A.what man will look like B.what will man look like C.man will look like D.what look ma
46、n like 15._ the 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A.Whenever B.If C.Whether D.That 16.Go and get your coat.Its _ you left it.A.there B.where C.there where D.where there 17.It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A.while B.that C.if D.for 18._ he said at the meeting
47、 astonished everybody present.A.What B.That C.The fact D.The matter 19.Do you remember _ he came?Yes,I do.He came by car.A.how B.when C.that D.if 20._ we cant get seems better than _ we have.A.What;what B.What;that C.That;that D.That;what 21._ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.W
48、hether C.That D.Where 22.It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever 23.I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that _ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where 24.These wild flowers are so special that I would do _
49、 I can to save them.A.whatever B.that C.which D.whichever 25._ you dont like him is none of my business.A.What B.Who C.That D.Whether 26.You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A.how they were excited B.how excited they were C.how excited were they D.they were how excited
50、 27._ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A.What B.That C.How D.Where 28.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella._ I got wet through.A.Its the reason B.Thats why C.Theres why D.Its how 29.It was a matter of _ would take the position.A.who B.whoever C.whom D.whomever 30._ has helped to s
