1、音标基础篇课程音标基础篇课程l教学目标：教学目标：48个国际音标的读法和写法，学生在学习完基础篇后，能够自己品读各册英语书后单词表的单词。l教学重点：教学重点：掌握国际音标的正确读法，知道元音中的长短元音，辅音中的清浊辅音。l教学难点：教学难点：区别美式发音和英式发音的不同Part 1:元音音素的学习 1.单元音2.双元音单元音的学习单元音的学习 前元音front vowels中元音central vowels后元音back vowels长元音/i:/-微笑，舌尖抵下齿，长衣音/:/汉语拼音e,发长音/:/看病啊/?:/小圆，长凹音/u:/双唇向前突，长音火车呜短元音/i/（1小拇指）微笑，舌
2、尖抵下齿，短衣音/e/（1食指）上唇不动，下唇动1食指距离，舌尖抵下齿，小口唉/三指）上唇不动，下唇动三指距离，舌尖抵下齿，大口唉/汉语拼音e，发短音/两指啊/?/大圆，短凹音/u/双唇向前突，短音火车呜单元音例词单元音例词前元音l/i:/-eat;easy;easy;key;been;beat;peak;tea;keep;l/i/-it;did;pig;tip;kick;city;pity l/e/-get;kept;best;egg;test;bed;set;next-l/-at;as;bad;sat;fat;bag;back;activel中元音l/:/-bird;dirt;sir;fi
3、rst;skirt;shirt;dirtl/-ever;paper;forget;ever;perhapsl后元音l/:/-bar;dark;card;car;fast;park;halfl/-but;cut;such;study;bus;dustl/?:/-talk;short;four;door;pourl/?/-dog;box;boss;fog;stop;doctorl/u:/-rude;June;food;soon;do;group;flew;shoe;fruit;twol/u/-put;pull;book;good;women;could双元音的学习双元音的学习合口双元音：l/ei/
4、字母A的读音；/ai/字母I的读音；/?i/元音音素短凹音和短衣音的结合l/au/嗷，老虎吃掉你；/u/字母O的读音集中双元音（注意美式卷舌音）：l/i/：短衣音和短音的结合，l/或/e/：小口唉和短音的结合l/u/：短音火车呜和短音的结合合口双元音例词合口双元音例词l/ei/-late;make;rain;day;they;great;eightl/ai/-time;die;cry;eye;buy;l/?i/-noise;point;coin;boy;toyl/u/-so;no;home;boat;road;soap;toe;low;know;shoulderl/au/-blouse;hou
5、se;how;town集中双元音例词集中双元音例词l/i/：here;dear;year;deer;brilliant;idea;million;serious;easier;stadiuml/或/e/：parent;air;hair;bear;their;therel/u/：poor;tour;sure;usual;fluentPart 2:辅音音素的学习 1.爆破音2.摩擦音3.破擦音4.鼻辅音5.舌边音6.半元音l清辅音 /p/（泼水）/t/（汉语拼音题的读音）/k/（蝌蚪）l浊辅音 /b/（菠菜）/d/（汉语拼音的读音）/g/（鸽子）爆破音的学习爆破音的学习3对对/p/b/p 字母p在
6、单词中的发音pencil/pensl/open/upn/paper/pep/party/pti/pig/pg/p 字母组合pp在单词中的发音apple/pl/b字母b table/tebl/blue/blu/b字母组合bb rubber/rb(r)/注意：在字母m后,字母t前一般不发音lclimb klamlcomb kmldebt detlbomb bmltomb tum/t/d/t 字母t的发音sit/st/teacher/tit/little/ltl/eat/it/t 字母组合tt:cotton/ktn/ld字母d:bed/bed/dog/dg/door/d/ld字母组合dd middl
7、e/mdl/l注意：在字母k/m/n/s后不发音lhandkerchief/hktf/lgrandma/grnm/lWednesday/wenzdi/lbridge/brd/k/g/lg字母g egg/eg/get/get/good/gud/lg字母组合gg:bigger/bg/lklbook/buk/lkeep/kip/l注意：c,ch，ck也可以发k音 l字母n前面的K不发音lknife/naf/know/nu/knee/ni/lknock/nk knowledge/nld/k/-cut;back;ask;like;taxi;school;conquer/g/-go;ghost;bigge
8、r;egg;exam;example摩擦音的学习摩擦音的学习5对对l清辅音：/f/（上齿咬下唇，夫人）浊辅音：/v/（上齿咬下唇，发音）l清辅音：/s/（上下牙齿紧闭，舌头躲在后面，唇张开，发丝音）浊辅音：/z/（上下牙齿紧闭，舌头躲在后面，唇张开，美滋滋）l清辅音：/（咬舌s）浊辅音：/（咬舌z）/,/胆最大，舌头外面跑；/s/，/z/胆最小，舌头后面躲l清辅音：/（上下牙齿紧闭，舌头躲在后面，唇张开，大狮子）浊辅音：/（上下牙齿紧闭，舌头躲在后面，唇张开，汉字日的一声音）l清辅音:/h/（喝水）浊辅音：/r/（rap）/f/v/f:字母 f,ph在单词中的发音:five/fav/-beef
9、/bif/-coffee/kfi/-fly/fla/-photo/futu/f字母组合ff:off f v字母v在单词中的发音:voice/vs/-five/fav/-invite/nvat/-very/veri/l注意：of/v/s/z/s/字母s在音节开头或清辅音前且不与h组合，发音/s/lschool/skul/，send/send/,sell/sel/,slow/slu/,desk/desk/字母组合ss/s/:miss /ms/,kiss,class,discuss 字母e/i/y前;ci(y)ce组合lrice/ras/nice/nas/city/sti/pencil/pensl/
10、bicycle/baskl/字母组ce：receive，niece字母组合sc：science，scenery，scissors字母x/ks/:box six/s/z/z/l字母z:zoo,zerol字母组合ze:prize,amaze,freezel字母s:easy,his,alwaysl字母组se:those,these,Chinesel字母x/gz/:exam,example/l字母th组合（1）：:在名词、动词、形容词、数词中thought/t/month/mn/think/k/thank/k/mouth/mau/n plural mouths/mauz/thin/n/third/d/
11、例外：mother/m/father/f/brother/br/clothes/kluz/l字母th组合（2）：:在代词、冠词、介词、连词、副词they/e/the/within/wn/whether/we/rather/r/例外：both/bu/something/sm/through/ru/当含th字母的单词派生其它词时，th一般发音为cloth/kl/-clothing/klu/worth/w/-worthy/wi/north/n/-northern/nn/south/sau/-southern/sn/l字母sh:shake,shy,show,fishl字母ch:machine,chef
12、/ef/,brochure/bru/l字母ci:delicious,musician,speciall字母ti:mention,action,ratiol字母s:sure,sugar,pressurel字母si:Asia,missionl字母sci:fascist/fst/,conscience/knns/l字母s(u)：usual，pleasurel字母si:occasion,visionl字母zu:seizure/sir/l字母ge,g:prestige/presti/名望,regime/reim/政体，政权清辅音清辅音:/h/（喝水）（喝水）hl字母h he/hi/hot/ht/hide
13、/had/high/ha/hello/hlu/how/hau/house/haus/l字母wh+元音字母O=字母w不发音，字母h/h/who/hu/whose/huz/whom/hum/whole hul l 字母h:hour/au/honor/n/honest/nst/字母wh+无元音字母O，w/w/,h不发音 where/we/what/wt/why/wa/white/wat/when/wen/浊辅音：浊辅音：/r/（rap）lr 是字母r在单词中元音之前的发音 sorry/sri/red/red/rabbit/rbt/rose/ruz/river/rv/lr 是字母rr在单词中的发音 m
14、arry/mr/marriage/mrd/l特殊情况：iron/an/字母r不发音 破擦音的学习破擦音的学习3对对l清辅音/ts/（舌尖抵上齿，发ci）浊辅音：/dz/（舌尖抵上齿，发zi）l清辅音：/tr/（戳）浊辅音：/dr/（捉）l清辅音：/t/（吃）浊辅音：/d/（织）清辅音清辅音/ts/（舌尖抵上齿，发（舌尖抵上齿，发ci）浊辅音：浊辅音：/dz/（舌尖抵上齿，发（舌尖抵上齿，发zi）l/ts/字母ts或者tes many streets two gates a box of chocolates l/dz/字母组合ds/des two birds good grades Are p
15、eals sorted into grades?珍珠分等级吗？清辅音：清辅音：/tr/（戳）（戳）浊辅音：浊辅音：/dr/（捉）（捉）ltr 字母tr组合：tree/tri/train/tren/truck/trk/try/tra/l/dr/字母组合dr drink/drk/drive/drav/dream/drim/清辅音：清辅音：/t/（吃）（吃）浊辅音：浊辅音：/d/（织）（织）l清辅音：/t/（吃）l字母ch：chair，rich,choosel字母tch:watch,fetchl字母sti:question,suggestionl字母tu:nature,statue,furnitur
16、el浊辅音：/d/（织）l字母j:job,jam,just,juicel字母ge,gi,gy:gym,magic,imagine,cagel字母dge:judge,bridge,fridgel字母dj:adjective鼻辅音的学习鼻辅音的学习3个个浊辅音：l/m/（close your mouth,发m音）l/n/（舌尖抵上颚，发n音）l/（汉语拼音angongenging中ng的发音）/m/（close your mouth,发发m音）音）lm字母m meet/mit/room/rum/milk/mlk/mouse/maus/name/nem/from/frm/mango/mgu/lm字母
17、组合mm:grammar/grm(r)/l字母mn/m/:autumn/tm/column/klm/l字母mb/m/:climb /klam/comb /km/n/（舌尖抵上颚，发（舌尖抵上颚，发n音）音）l字母n nose/nuz/nice/nas/l字母nn tennis/tens/funny sunny l字母gn sign design foreignl字母kn:know,knee,knife,knight l在字母m后面 autumn columnl特殊：chimney/tmni/（汉语拼音（汉语拼音angongenging中中ng的发音）的发音）l字母n在字母c/g/k/x前 un
18、cle/kl/kangaroo/kgru/thank/k/anxious/ks/l字母ng组合,:一般在词尾 sing/s/bring/br/young/j/morning/mn wrong/r/lg:一般在词中 English/gl/angry/gri/hungry/hgri/l注意：词尾后面加了其他字母或后缀，仍发原来的音 sing s,singer s 不能读成sg 舌边音的学习舌边音的学习-1个个 浊辅音ll（元音前：乐）（词尾，欧带卷舌）舌边音的学习舌边音的学习l ll:是字母l在首字母或元音前的发音 blue/blu/late/let/like/lak/look/luk/leg/l
19、eg/l-l:是字母l或字母组合ll在单词末尾或辅音前的发音 table/tebl/girl/gl tell/tel/ball/bl/kill/kl/twelve/twelv/l字母l在ould和al组合中不发音：could/kud/would/wud/talk/tk walk/wk 半元音的学习半元音的学习-2个个浊辅音l/j/爷爷的第二个yel/w/短我音半元音的学习半元音的学习/w/例词例词lw字母w在单词中的发音 wash/w/swim/swm/walk/wk/wind/wnd/l字母w在r前或在词尾不单独发音 write/rat/wrong/r/window/wndu/show /u/l 字母w在answer/ns/,two/tu/中不 发音 字母wh组合w,字母h不发音:what/wt/white/wat/why/wa/when/wen/l注意：wh在o前h,字母w不发音 who/hu/whom/hum/whose/huz/whole/hul 半元音的学习半元音的学习/j/例词例词ljyes/jes/lawyer/lj/yellow/jelu/
