UNIT 4Reading and Thinking(ppt课件+视频+2课时)-2022新人教版（2019）《高中英语》必修第二册.rar

1.,thenearbycountryofWaleswasjoinedtotheKingdomofEngland.nearby:notfarawayadj.附近的；邻近的附近的；邻近的egTheyboughtsomefruitfromanearbystore.（翻译）（翻译）他们在附近的商店买了一些水果。他们在附近的商店买了一些水果。adv.在附近在附近egDanfoundworkononeofthefarmsnearby.（翻译）（翻译）丹在附近的一个农场里找到了工作。丹在附近的一个农场里找到了工作。2.Finally,inthe20thcentury,thesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeawayfromtheUK,whichresultedinthefullnamewehavetoday:theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.breakaway(fromsb/sth):toseparateorbecomeseparatefromalargergroup,country,etc.脱离；逃脱脱离；逃脱egThreemembersofthebandbrokeawayandformedtheirowngroup.（翻译）（翻译）三个成员脱离了乐队，创建了自己的组合。三个成员脱离了乐队，创建了自己的组合。与与break搭配的常见动词短语：搭配的常见动词短语：breakarecord打破纪录打破纪录breakoff突然停止；突然停止；中断中断(谈判谈判)breakdown失败；失败；(机器机器、车辆车辆)坏坏了了breaktheice打破僵局；打破冷场局面打破僵局；打破冷场局面breakinto破门而入破门而入breakout突发，爆发突发，爆发breakthrough突破，突围突破，突围breakup打碎，分裂打碎，分裂break【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1)Thethieves_andstolesomemoney.小偷闯入办公室，偷了一些钱。小偷闯入办公室，偷了一些钱。2)Negotiationsbetweenthetwosides_.双方谈判失败了双方谈判失败了。brokeintotheofficehavebrokendown3)Scientiststhinktheyarebeginningto_inthefightagainstcancer.科学家认为他们在对抗癌症的研究中开始有科学家认为他们在对抗癌症的研究中开始有所突破。所突破。4)IwasstilllivinginLondonwhenthewar_.战争爆发的时候我还住在伦敦。战争爆发的时候我还住在伦敦。breakthroughbrokeout3.ThefourcountriesthatbelongtotheUnitedKingdomworktogetherinsomeareas.belong:ifsomethingbelongssomewhere,thatistherightplaceorsituationforitvi.应在（某处）；适应应在（某处）；适应egPutthechairbackwhereitbelongs.（翻译）（翻译）把椅子放回原处。把椅子放回原处。belongto:ifsomethingbelongstosomeone,theyownit属于属于(不用于进行时态和被动语态不用于进行时态和被动语态)egThebookbelongstoDan.（翻译）（翻译）这本书是丹的。这本书是丹的。【拓展】【拓展】belongingsn.(pl.)财产财产;所有物所有物;财物财物personalbelongings个人财物个人财物【语境应用语境应用】句型转换。句型转换。TheboyisamemberofafootballclubandplayseverySaturday.Theboy_afootballclubandplayseverySaturday.belongsto完成句子。完成句子。1)Firstofall,uniformshelptheschoollooksmart.Thestudentsfeelsthatthey_(属于属于)aparticulargroup.(2019浙江浙江)2)Haveyouever_(是这支足球队的成员吗是这支足球队的成员吗)?belongtobelongedtothisfootballteam4.,aswellassharethesamecurrencyandmilitarydefence.aswellas:andinaddition同同（一样也）；和；（一样也）；和；还还用于连接两个并列成分用于连接两个并列成分egHegrowsflowersaswellasvegetables.（翻译）（翻译）他既种菜也种花他既种菜也种花.【归纳归纳】1)aswellas和和一样一样好好,为为比较级结构。比较级结构。2)aswellas连接两个并列的主语连接两个并列的主语时时,谓语谓语动词动词应当与应当与aswellas前面的主语在人称和数上前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致保持一致。【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。1)电电既可以变为声能，又可以变为光能。既可以变为声能，又可以变为光能。Electricenergycanbechangedintolightenergyaswellasintosoundenergy.2)你你别指望她除了照顾孩子别指望她除了照顾孩子外外,还还做家务活。做家务活。Youcannotexpecthertodothehouseworkaswellaslookafterthechildren.denfence:(a)protectionorsupportagainstattack,criticismorinfectionn.防御；保卫防御；保卫egThetowerswereonceanimportantpartofthecitysdefences.（翻译）（翻译）那些高塔曾经是该市防御体系中重要的组那些高塔曾经是该市防御体系中重要的组成部分。成部分。indefenceof.保卫保卫；为；为辩护辩护egTheytookuparmsindefenceoftheircountry.（翻译）（翻译）他们他们拿起武器保卫祖国拿起武器保卫祖国。5.andNorthernIrelandallhavedifferenteducationsystemsandlegalsystems.legal:ifsomethingislegal,youareallowedtodoitorhavetodoitbylawadj.法律允许的，合法的法律允许的，合法的egWhatthecompanyhasdoneisperfectlylegal.（翻译）（翻译）公司所做的这一切完全是合法的。公司所做的这一切完全是合法的。【拓展拓展】legalaction/proceedings法律法律诉讼诉讼illegal:notallowedbythelawadj.违法违法的的egItisillegaltoselltobaccotosomeoneunder18.（翻译）（翻译）出售出售烟草烟草给给18岁岁以下者是违法的。以下者是违法的。6.youwillbesurroundedbyevidenceoffourdifferentgroupsofpeoplewhotookoveratdifferenttimesthroughouthistory.surround:tobeallaroundsomeoneorsomethingoneverysidevt.围绕，环绕，包围围绕，环绕，包围surroundoneselfwithsb./sth.喜欢身边总有喜欢身边总有（某类东西）（某类东西）besurroundedby/with周围都是周围都是surround.with.用用把把围住围住【链接链接】surroundingadj.周围的，附近周围的，附近的的surroundingsn.环境环境【语境应用语境应用】用用surround的适当形式填空。的适当形式填空。1)Lucywassittingonthefloor_bytoys.2)Wedecidedtoexplorethe_countryside.3)Whenhecamebacktolife,hefoundhimself_byenemysoldiers.4)Itsimportanttoworkinfriendly_.surroundedsurroundedsurroundingsurroundings7.TheyconqueredEnglandafterthewell-knownBattleofHastingsinthe11thcentury.battle:afightbetweenarmedforcesn.战役；搏斗战役；搏斗egHersonwaskilledinbattle.（翻译）（翻译）她儿子在战斗中阵亡。她儿子在战斗中阵亡。totryveryhardtoachievesomethingthatisdifficultordangerousvi.&vt.搏斗；奋斗搏斗；奋斗egShehadbattledagainstcancer.（翻译）（翻译）她勇敢地与癌症抗争。她勇敢地与癌症抗争。8.Ifyoukeepyoureyesopen,youwillbesurprisedtofindthatyoucanseebothitspastanditspresent.keepyoureyesopen(for):keepaneyeon留心；留意留心；留意egKeepyoureyesopenforaboyinaredcapandcoat.留意一下一个戴着红色帽子、穿着红色外留意一下一个戴着红色帽子、穿着红色外套的男孩。套的男孩。【拓展拓展】keepup坚持；维持坚持；维持keepupwith跟上跟上,不落在不落在后面后面;了解了解;保保持联系持联系keepoff挡住挡住;(使使)避开避开keepon继续继续(干干);坚持坚持(干干)keepback退缩；隐瞒；阻止退缩；隐瞒；阻止keepsb.from(doing)sth.阻止某人做某事阻止某人做某事keepout把把关在外面；阻止；不参加关在外面；阻止；不参加【语境应用语境应用】用用keep短语的适当形式填空短语的适当形式填空1)Billhadtoworkhardto_.2)Employeesneedto_thelatesttechnicaldevelopments.3)Youjusthaveto_trying.4)Igotthefeelinghewaskeepingsomething_.5)IhopeIhaventkeptyou_yourwork.keepupkeepupwithkeeponbackfrom1.Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem,ifany?【翻译翻译】那么，如果它们有区别的话，这些区别那么，如果它们有区别的话，这些区别是什么呢？是什么呢？【分析分析】该句中该句中ifany是省略句，其完整形式为是省略句，其完整形式为ifthereisanydifference。ifany如果有的话如果有的话【归纳归纳】ifso如果是这样的话如果是这样的话ifnot如果不是这样；不然，否则如果不是这样；不然，否则ifnecessary如果有必要的话如果有必要的话ifpossible如果可能的话如果可能的话ifever如果曾经有的话如果曾经有的话【仿写仿写】如果有错误的话，纠正下列句子中的错误。如果有错误的话，纠正下列句子中的错误。Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingsentences,ifany.2.ThereissomuchmoretolearnabouttheinterestinghistoryandcultureoftheUnitedKingdom.【翻译翻译】英国的历史文化引人入胜，可学之处英国的历史文化引人入胜，可学之处比比皆是。比比皆是。【分析分析】Thereissomuchmoretolearn是是“Therebe+主语主语+todo”结构，不定式表示动作结构，不定式表示动作尚未发生。尚未发生。【归纳归纳】Therebe+主语主语+todo.(表示动作尚未发生表示动作尚未发生)Therebe+主语主语+doing.(表示主动和进行表示主动和进行)Therebe+主语主语+done.(表示被动或完成表示被动或完成)当主语与当主语与其后其后的不定式是被动关系时，不定式的不定式是被动关系时，不定式用主动语态和被动语态均可，有些没有意义上用主动语态和被动语态均可，有些没有意义上的区别，有些则有区别。的区别，有些则有区别。【仿写仿写】房间的角落里有许多盒子。房间的角落里有许多盒子。Therearemanyboxeslyinginthecorneroftheroom.1.ReadaboutthehistoryandtraditionsoftheUK.2.TobeabletogiveabriefintroductionoftheUK3.Debateonwhetheritsimportanttostudythehistoryandcultureofacountrybeforevisitingit.GreatBritaintheUnitedKingdomItsfullnameistheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland,commonlyknownastheUnitedKingdom(UK).n.王国；王国；领域域WhatistheUKfamousfor?WhatcomestoyourmindwhenyouthinkoftheUK?ThecountrysprincipaltouristdestinationsareinLondon,withtheTowerofLondonbeingthesinglemostvisitedattractioninthecountry.TheWorldHeritageSitesoftheUKTheUnitedKingdomistheworlds8thbiggesttouristdestination.TheBritishMuseumwasbuiltin1735.Ithasacollectionofatleast8millionobjects,includingsomeofitsmostworld-famousartefacts,suchastheRosettaStone,EgyptianmummiesandtheElginmarbles.TheBritishMuseumDoyouknowanytouristattractionsinLondon?TowerofLondonTheTowerofLondonisanancientfortress(堡垒堡垒)andhistoricmonumentincentralLondon.TheTowersprimaryfunctionwasafortress,aroyalpalace,andaprison,particularlyfornobleandroyalprisoners.TowerBridgeTowerBridge,whichwasbuiltfrom1886to1894,isacombinedbascule(开合开合)andsuspensionbridge(吊桥吊桥)inLondon,overtheRiverThames.TowerBridgeTowerofLondonTowerBridgeisclosetotheTowerofLondon,fromwhichittakesitsname.Ithasbecomeaniconicsymbol(象征符号象征符号)ofLondon.someothertouristattractionsBigBenBuckinghamPalaceStPaulsCathedralNationalGalleryWindsorCastleHydeParkLookatthemap,canyoutellmewhattypeofmapitis?It is an administrative zoning map.Whatdothedifferentsymbols(e.g.icons,circles,spots)andcoloursstandfor?thesmallcirclesstandforbigcitiestheredsportstandsforthecapitaldifferentcoloursstandfordifferentregionsorcountriesPre-readingLookatthemapanddiscussinpairs:What does the map show?What is it used for?When you look at a map,think first about what it shows and what the map shows and what the symbols mean.Whatdoesthemapshow?Whatisitusedfor?ThemapshowstheBritishIsles,theislandswhichmakeuptheGreatBritain(England,Scotland,andWales)andIreland(IrelandandNorthernIreland).ItisusedtoshowthefourdifferentcountriesthatmakeuptheUKandsomeofthemajorcities.Whatmessagecanyougetfromthetitle?Whatmight“aname”herereferto?Whatdoyouexpecttoreadinthepassage?Whatisthemainideaofthetext?AbriefintroductiontotheUKaboutitsfoundationanddevelopmentbasedongeography,historyandculture,etc.Matcheachpartofthetextwithitsmainidea.1.Part1(Para.1)A.Originsofthenames2.Part2(Para.2)B.AdvantagesofstudyingthehistoryoftheUK3.Part3(Para.3)C.ComparisonofthefourcountriesoftheUK4.Part4(Paras.4-5)D.Introductionofthetopic.1.WhatarethefourcountriesoftheUnitedKingdom?Whichtwowerethefirsttobejoinedtogether?ThefourcountriesoftheUnitedKingdomareEngland,Wales,ScotlandandNorthernIreland.EnglandandWaleswerethefirsttwotobejoinedtogether.Readthetextandanswerthequestions.2.Accordingtothetext,whataretwochiefadvantagesofstudyingthehistoryofacountry?Thetwochiefadvantagesofstudyingthehistoryofacountryaretohelpyouunderstandmoreaboutthecountryanditstraditionsandtomakevisitingitmoreenjoyable.adj.最重要的；最最重要的；最高高级别的的Readagaintocompletethetimeline:20thcentury11thcentury16thcentury18thcentury19thcenturyRomansarrived Anglo-SaxonscameVikingscame1stcentury5thcentury8thcenturyNormanscameWaleswasjoinedScotlandwasjoinedIrelandwasaddedSouthernIrelandbrokeawaySortouttheinformationaccordingtothetimeline.WhenWhathappened?Whatchanged?RomansarrivedAnglo-SaxonscameVikingscame1thcentury5thcentury8thcenturytownsandroadslanguageandwayhouseswerebuiltvocabularyandnamesoflocationsacrosstheUKWhenWhathappened?Whatchanged?11thcentury16thcentury18thcenturyNormansconqueredEnglandaftertheBattleofHastingscastlesbuilt,legalsystemchanged,andnewwordsfromFrenchintroducedWaleswasjoinedtoKingdomofEnglandScotlandwasjoinedtoEnglandandWales“KingdomofGreatBritainformed/created”vt.占占领；征服；控制征服；控制WhenWhathappened?Whatchanged?19thcentury20thcenturyIrelandwasaddedthesouthernpartofIrelandbrokeaway“UnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIrelandformed/created”namechangedto“UnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland”ReadthetextcarefullyandfindthesameanddifferentareasofthefourcountriesoftheUK.ThefourcountriesThesameareasThedifferentareasEnglandWalesScotlandNorthernIrelandThesameflagtheUnionJackThesame1._Thesame2._Educationsystem3._Traditions:4._andnationaldishFootballteamcurrencymilitarydefenceLegalsystemnationaldayn.通通货；货币n.军事的；事的；军用的用的n.防御；保防御；保卫n.法律的；合法的法律的；合法的A:IcanneverrememberwhattheUKmeans!TheresEngland,Britain,_GreatBritain!B:Well,ithelpsifyourememberthattherearefourcountriesthat_theUK.ThatswhyitscalledtheUnitedKingdom.CompletetheconversationabouttheUKusingthephrasesintheircorrectforms.aswellasbelongtoaddtojointobreakawaykeepyoureyesopenaswellasbelongtoA:Fourcountries?Imusthavebeenasleepinthatpartofourhistoryclass!SothefirstcountrywasEngland,andtheotherswere_that?B:Yes,right.FirstEngland,thenWales,thenScotland.ThelastcountrywasIreland,butlaterthesouthernhalfdidntwanttobe_theUnitedKingdom.joinedtoaddedtoaswellasbelongtoaddtojointobreakawaykeepyoureyesopenA:Oh,Iremembernow!Thesouthernpart_fromNorthernIreland,right?B:Yes,yougotitwellremembered!But_inhistoryclassnexttime!aswellasbelongtoaddtojointobreakawaykeepyoureyesopenbrokeawaykeepyoureyesopenWriteasummaryofthetextaccordingtothefollowingclues.becomepartof,join,addition,breakaway,evidence,theRomans,theAnglo-Saxons,newvocabulary,theNormans,LondonInthe16thcentury,WalesbecamepartoftheKingdomofEngland.LaterScotlandjoinedcreatingtheKingdomofGreatBritain.TheadditionofIrelandcreatedtheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandIreland.ThebreakingawayofthesouthernpartofIrelandinthe20thcenturyresultedintheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland,whichmostpeoplecalltheUK,BritainorGreatBritain.IntheUK,evidenceoffourancientpeoplescanbefound.TheRomansinthe1stcenturybuilttownsandroads.AfterwardstheAnglo-SaxonsintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage.ThentheVikingsbroughtnewvocabularyandplacenames.Lastly,theNormansinthe11thcenturybuiltcastles,changedthelegalsystemandbroughtFrenchwords.AgoodplacetostartlearningabouttheUKshistoryisLondon,wherepastandpresentmeet.Debate:Isitnecessaryforvisitorstostudythehistoryandcultureofacountrybeforevisitingit?Wed better know about the history and culture,because.In my opinion,.I think that.In a word,.Its unnecessary to prepare any cultural background,because.We believe that.Im afraid I disagree,.All in all,.debate把把和和连接或联连接或联结起来结起来脱离；背叛；逃脱脱离；背叛；逃脱属于属于同（一样也）；和；还同（一样也）；和；还留心；留意留心；留意jointobreakaway(fromsb/sth)belongtoaswellaskeepyoureyesopen(for)MakeabookletforforeignvisitorscomingtoChinawithcontentsbelow:What important things should they know about before the trip?What do they need to pay attention to in order to avoid cultural conflict?How to search for information about Chinese culture on the Internet?