1、表语从句表语从句P r e d i c a t i v e C l a u s e表语从句的定义PART01The question is who will do it.定义：表语从句放在定义：表语从句放在 之后，充当复之后，充当复合句中的合句中的 。结构结构:It seems that it is going to rain.It looks as if he is unhappy today.主语主语+系动词系动词+引导词引导词 +简单句简单句系动词系动词 表语表语 表语从句的定义The definition of predicative clauseThe question is dif
2、ficult.表语从句的判断The judgment of the predicative clause系动词主要是be动词（am,is,are,was,were)，意为“是”。其它系动词：1)持续系动词（表示主语持续或保持一种状况或态度）：keep,remain,stay,stand2)“像”系动词（表示看起来像）：seem,appear,look3)感官系动词：look,feel,smell,sound,taste4)变化系动词（主语变成什么样）：become,grow,turn,fall,get,go5)终止系动词（主语已终止动作）：prove,turn out表语从句的引导词PART0
3、21.1.引导词的用法引导词的用法(that)(that)that在表语从句中在表语从句中 ,又又 且且_ 省略省略。1.The fact is that he hasnt yet recovered from illness.2.The reason why he has to go is that his mother is ill in bed.既不充当成分既不充当成分没有意义没有意义不可不可引导词的用法The use of conjunction wordswhetherwhether在表语从句中表在表语从句中表 ,但但_句子的成分。句子的成分。1.What the doctor re
4、ally doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.2.The question is whether it is worth doing.“是否”2.2.引导词的用法引导词的用法(whether)(whether)不充当不充当引导词的用法The use of conjunction wordsShe asked me if/whether she could borrow these books.The question is if/whether we can rely on him.在表语
5、从句中在表语从句中,表表“是否是否”时时,只能用只能用“whether”不能用不能用“if”。I dont know _ he wants to go alone.The problem was _he could come on time.if or whether?if/whether whether引导词的用法The use of conjunction wordswhat 在表语从句中充当在表语从句中充当_ 表示表示_.1.The question is what caused the accident.2.That mountain is no longer what it used
6、 to be.3.What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.主语、表语、宾语主语、表语、宾语什么，什么样子，或所什么，什么样子，或所的（人或事）的（人或事）3.引导词的用法引导词的用法(what)引导词的用法The use of conjunction words who 在表语从句中充当在表语从句中充当_ 表示表示_.1.The problem is who could do the work2.My trouble is who(whom)I can turn to.主语、宾语或表语主语、宾语或表语谁谁4.4.引
7、导词的用法引导词的用法(who)(who)引导词的用法The use of conjunction words which 在引导表语从句时在引导表语从句时,常充当常充当_ 表示表示 。I read about it in some book or another,but what I dont know is which(book)it is.定语定语,表语表语其其/当中哪一个当中哪一个5.引导词的用法引导词的用法(which)引导词的用法The use of conjunction words由由as if,as though引导表语从句，表示引导表语从句，表示 。句。句子中的系动词常用子
8、中的系动词常用look,appear,seem等。等。1.It looks as if it was going to rain.2.The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl.6.引导词的用法（引导词的用法（as if,as though）好像好像引导词的用法The use of conjunction words 当主当主句的主语为reason,或者是由why引导的从句时,与它们相关的表语从句用_,而不能由由_ _ 引导引导;because 引导表语从句时只能用于引导表语从句时只能用于_句型中句型中.1.The reaso
9、n why I was late was that I missed the train.2.I was late.It/That/This was because I missed the train.thatbecauseIt/That/This is/was because7 引导词的用法（引导词的用法（the reason why is that/It is because）引导词的用法The use of conjunction words当表语从句中当表语从句中主语、宾语、表语主语、宾语、表语具备，具备，但是但是还是要表示疑问含义，还是要表示疑问含义，可以判断句子可以判断句子中中缺
10、少缺少状语，状语，常常用常常用相应的特殊疑问词相应的特殊疑问词引引导，有导，有 why 表表 ,when表表 ,where表表 ,how表表 等。等。This is how he did it.That is why the brothers wanted to make a bet.Thats why weve given you the letter.8.8.引导词的用法引导词的用法(why/when/where/how)(why/when/where/how)为什么为什么 在在时候时候 在哪里在哪里 怎么样怎么样引导词的用法The use of conjunction wordswher
11、ewhenthat引导词Conjunction words引导词引导词用法用法从属连词that无成分，无意义Whether无成分，意为“是否”连接代词what,which,who,whom,+ever,whose在从句中充当主语，宾语，表语，定语连接副词how,when,where,+ever,why在从句中充当状语其它连接词because,as if,as though因为，好像，似乎即学即练learning and practice1.This is _I want.2.My English is limited.This is _I hate reading English books.
12、3.The village is _ I used to spend my holiday.4.It is _ I really love the way he behaves.5.The trouble is _ we are short of funds.6.My problem is _ coat is suitable for me.7.I d like to start my own businessthats _ I want to do if I had the money.8.What I want to know is _will support me.whatwherewh
13、ybecausethatwhichwhatwho表语从句的语法规则PART03表语从句的语法规则The grammar rulers of the predicative clauseThe question is how can I make you understand the knowledge.The question is how I can make you understand the knowledge.Rule 1:表语从句和宾语从句、主语从句一样，要用陈述语序：主语+谓语。表语从句的语法规则The grammar rulers of the predicative clau
14、seRule 2:表语从句的引导词没有if!The question is if it is worthwhile to do it.The question is whether it is worthwhile to do it.只用whether,不用if的情况Whether to doWhetheror not介词后的宾语从句从句：句首的主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句表语从句的语法规则The grammar rulers of the predicative clauseRule 3:表语从句的虚拟语气My proposal is that we(should)start early
15、tomorrow.I propose that we(should)start early tomorrow.It is proposed that we(should)start early tomorrow.在表示“建议，劝说，命令”的名词 idea,advice,suggestion,request,proposal 等后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省略表语从句的语法规则The grammar rulers of the predicative clauseRule 3:as if/as though 引导的表语从句常跟在look,seem,sou
16、nd,feel等后面语气：若表示真实情况：用陈述语气若表示真实情况：用陈述语气 若表示非真实情况：用虚拟语气若表示非真实情况：用虚拟语气Dark clouds are gathering.It looks as if its going to rain.It seemed as if the night would never end.表语从句的语法规则The grammar rulers of the predicative clauseRule 3:as if/as though 引导的表语从句的虚拟语气：若跟现在事实不符：过去式（be动词用were）若跟过去事实不符：had done 若
17、跟将来事实不符：would/could+动词原形The little boy talks as if he knew everything in the world.He felt as if he had met this young lady for a long somewhere.即学即练learning and practice1.My suggestion is that we _(go)to hospital at once.2.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water,it looks as if it _(be)broken.3.
18、My idea is that we _(get)more people to attend the conference.4.The little girl talked as if she _(be)a grown-up.5.She looks as if she _(be)ten years younger.should gowereshould gethad beenwere即学即练learning and practice1.He is careless and irresponsible.That was _ he was fired.2.He was fired.That was _ he is careless and irresponsible.3.The reason _ he was fired was _ he was careless and irresponsible.whybecausewhythatRule 6:引导词that,because,why的区别：描述原因原因用that或because.描述结果结果用whythatwhybecause谢谢观看Tanks for watching
