1、Unit 1 Science and scientistsVocabulary LearningVocabulary Learningassistant【释义释义】n.a person who helps or supports sb,usually in their job 助理【例句例句】Mary was chosen as an assistant to help Mr.Brown finish his research.The translations were carried out with the assistance of a medical dictionary.【同根词同根
2、词】assist v.帮助，援助assistance n.帮助，援助【语法填空语法填空】Ms.Li is a good _，whose _ benefits us a lot，and she is _ us in making chemical experiments in the lab now.(assist)/sstnt/assistantassistanceassistingVocabulary Learningblame【释义释义】v.to think or say that sb./sth.is responsible for sth.bad 责怪，指责，把归咎于【例句例句】Don
3、t blame him.After all,hes only a child.别责怪他，毕竟他还是个孩子。【常用搭配常用搭配】blame sb.for sth.The other driver blamed me for the accident.那个司机指责说事故责任在我。blame sth.on sb./sth.Police are blaming the accident on dangerous driving.警方把事故原因归咎于危险驾驶。be to blameThe hot weather is partly to blame for the water shortage.炎热的天
4、气是缺水的原因之一。/blem/【释义释义】v.to think or say that sb./sth.is responsible for sth.bad 责怪，指责，把归咎于【例句例句】Dont blame him.After all,hes only a child.别责怪他，毕竟他还是个孩子。【常用搭配常用搭配】blame sb.for sth.把把归咎于；责怪；归咎于；责怪；The other driver blamed me for the accident.blame sth.on sb./sth.把把归咎于；责怪；归咎于；责怪；Police are blaming the a
5、ccident on dangerous driving.be to blame该受责备，应承担责任该受责备，应承担责任The hot weather is to blame for the water shortage.Vocabulary Learningcontradictory【释义释义】adj.two statements,beliefs etc that are contradictory are different and therefore cannot both be true or correct 相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的【例句例句】They gave contradi
6、ctory explanations.The advice I received was often contradictory.【同根词同根词】contradict v.相矛盾，相反【常用搭配常用搭配】contradictory to 与与.矛盾矛盾In fact,love is not contradictory to freedom./kntrdktri/Vocabulary Learningdefend【释义释义】vi.&vt.to do something in order to protect someone or something from being attacked 保护，
7、保卫【例句】【例句】We ought to defend our country.Troops have been sent to defend the borders.【常用搭配】【常用搭配】+against sth.抵抗，防御抵抗，防御We need to defend against military aggression.我们要防御军事侵略。【同根词】【同根词】defensive adj.自卫的，防御的defence n.防御；防卫；答辩；防卫设备/dfend/Vocabulary Learninggifted【释义释义】adj.有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的【例句例句】He was
8、gifted linguistically.She was an extremely gifted poet.【同根词】【同根词】gift n.礼物【常用搭配】【常用搭配】be gifted with具有（令人愉快的东西）具有（令人愉快的东西）He was gifted with a charming smile.be gifted in在在.有天赋有天赋He is gifted in writing music.菲利普斯是世界上最有天赋的运动员之一Phillips is one of the most gifted players in the world./ftd/Vocabulary L
9、earninginfect【释义释义】v.to make a disease or an illness spread to a person,an animal or a plant 使感染；传染 to make sb.share a particular feeling 感染【例句例句】People with the COVID-19 may feel perfectly well,but they can still infect others.A single mosquito can infect a large number of people.His creativity wou
10、ld infect other students.【常用搭配常用搭配】be infected withIt is estimated that the 2%of the world population has been infected with the COVID-19./nfekt/Vocabulary Learninginitial【释义释义】adj.happening at the beginning 开始的，最初的【例句例句】1.After shed overcome her initial shyness,she became very friendly.2.My initial
11、 reaction was to decline the offer.【同根词同根词】initially adv.最初The death was reported at around 250,but was later revised to 300./n()l/initially Vocabulary Learningleadership【释义释义】v.the state or position of being a leader 领导；领导地位 the ability to be a leader or the qualities a good leader should have 领导才能
12、【例句例句】Under his leadership,many problems were smoothly solved.Strong leadership is needed to captain the team.【同根词同根词】leader n.领袖，向导在班长的领导下，我们班越来越好了。Our class is getting better under the monitors leadship.【构词法构词法】citizen 公民-citizenship 公民权 member 会员-membership 会员资格 /lidp/Vocabulary Learningmultiple【
13、释义释义】adj.many,or involving many things,people,events etc 数量多的；多种多样的 n.a quantity that contains another quantity an exact number of times 倍数【例句例句】Baxter was rushed to the hospital with multiple wounds.His new album includes multiple versions of the same songs.20 is a multiple of 5.【同义词同义词】many adj.许多
14、的 various adj.多样的【构词法构词法】multiple adj.多个的 triple adj.三个的 multinational adj.跨国的 multimedia adj.多媒体的 /mltpl/Vocabulary Learningsevere【释义释义】adj.(问题、伤势、疾病等)很严重的；(天气等)严峻的，激烈的；（人）严厉的【例句例句】His injuries were quite severe.We have not had such aseverewinter for so long.We should be severe with ourselves.【同义词同
15、义词】serious adj.严重的；stern adj.严厉的【同根词同根词】severely adv.严重地，严厉地An serious accident happened yesterday and one car was damaged.非洲许多国家仍面临严重的食物短缺。Many countries in Africa are still faced with severe food shortage./sv/severelyVocabulary Learningsubstantial【释义释义】adj.large in amount,value,or importance大量的；价值
16、巨大的；重大的 large and strongly made 牢固的；坚实的【例句例句】Substantial numbers of people support the reforms.He made substantial donations to charity.The house is substantial enough to last a hundred years.【同根词同根词】substance n.物质，实质【同义词同义词】considerable adj.大量的【反义词反义词】insubstantial adj.不牢固的他吃了一顿丰盛的早餐。He ate a subst
17、antial breakfast./sbstnl/Vocabulary Learningsuspect【释义释义】v.to think that something is probably true,especially something bad 怀疑,不信任n.someone who is thought to be guilty of a crime 犯罪嫌疑人【例句例句】I suspected that there was something wrong with the engine.I began to suspect his motives in inviting me.Two
18、suspects were arrested today in connection with the robbery.【常用搭配】【常用搭配】suspect sb.of sth.He was suspected of having taken the money.我怀疑他在睡觉。I suspected that he was sleeping in the class./sspekt/Vocabulary Learningvivid【释义释义】adj.vivid memories,dreams,descriptions 生动的,鲜明的，丰富的【例句例句】He gave a vivid des
19、cription of his life as a fighter pilot.The actor gave a vivid performance as the mad king.The report paints a vivid picture of life in the city.【同根词同根词】vividly adj.生动的I vividly remember the day we first met.她对她的第一次当老师作了一场生动的描述。She vividly described his first experience as a teacher./vvd/Vocabulary
20、Learningvivid【释义释义】subscribe to同意；赞成；捐助；订阅(杂志或报纸)一词多义写出下列句子中subscribe to的汉语意思(1)He subscribes to the view that children can benefit from being independent._(2)Your father subscribed to the school generously in the past._(3)Using the money I earned in the holiday，I have subscribed to several magazine
21、s recently._subscribe to /sbskrab/赞成；同意赞成；同意捐助捐助订阅订阅 1.Findthewordsfromthepreviouspageswiththefollowingprefixesorsuffixes.Thenaddtwowordsforeachprefixorsuffix.PrefixsuffixRe-oryDis-ionMicro-ialTrans-ologyMis-alUn-orMulti-ist前缀前缀释义释义单词单词re-review、recyclereturndis-disagree、disappear、disorderdiscover、d
22、islike、dishonestmicro-microscope、microwave,microbe、microsecondtrans-transport、transform,transplanttransnational、transcentury、transcontinentalagain 再、重新、重复再、重新、重复back 回，向后回，向后opposite of;not不、无、相反不、无、相反small (一般用于科技术语一般用于科技术语)微，小微，小change 转变；转移转变；转移across,over,beyond,穿、越、超穿、越、超后缀后缀释义释义单词单词-orysensory
23、advisoryfactory-ioneducationinfection,invention,conclusion-ialbeneficial official,commercial-ologysociology、Biology社会学社会学形容词和名词后缀形容词和名词后缀:作为形容词主要表示作为形容词主要表示“有有.行为特点的行为特点的”，做，做为名词表示相关的场所为名词表示相关的场所名词后缀名词后缀：表性质、状态、：表性质、状态、程度程度形容词后缀形容词后缀：属于：属于的的,有有性质的，具有性质的，具有的的science,study科学；学问科学；学问2.Make phrases by c
24、ombining the words in the left box with those on the right.Then complete the sentences using these phrases.1.Many scientists _ the view that it is human activity that has caused global warming.2.He was to _ the accident because he drove on the wrong side of the road.subscribe suspect blame link to o
25、f forsubscribe toblame for3.The man _ being behind the robbery was seen crossing the street.4.Since heart disease is often _ our lifestyle choices,we need to make healthy living an important part of our lives.suspected oflinked tosubscribe suspect blame link to of for1.It is not unusual for an athle
26、te to be well known while he is active,and quickly forgotten when his athletic career is over.2.Im sure shell deal with the changes very well because shes very adaptable.3.Replace the underlined parts with suitable words from the box.a household namehandleraw,a household name,substantial,statistics,
27、handle3.He was ready to serve dinner to his friends when he realised that he had forgotten to turn on the oven and the meat was not cooked yet.4.He used his great influence to change the thinking of the scientific community on this issue.5.Scientists have collected more data than expected to prove t
28、he theory.rawsubstantialstatisticsraw,a household name,substantial,statistics,handleUK scientists believe they may have found a way to fight the common cold.It blocks a key protein in the bodys cells that is to _ for the spread of cold-causing virus.4.Read this passage about medical science.Complete
29、 it using the correct forms of the words m the box.blameinfection,multiple,decrease,severe,transform,proof,blame,substantialTargeting the host rather than the _ was a bit non-traditional but made sense because it was tricky to target the virus.Cold-causing virus are not only of _ kinds,they also _ r
30、apidly,meaning they can quickly develop resistance to medicine.infectionmultipleinfection,multiple,decrease,severe,transform,proof,blame,substantialtransformResearchers are working on making a form of medicine that can be taken directly into ones lungs,to _ the chance of side effects.Though these scientists have made _ advances in their research,further _ is needed to make sure such drugs are not so _ that they harm the body.decreaseinfection,multiple,decrease,severe,transform,proof,blame,substantialsubstantialproofsevere
